Lesson 23 The Honor Code

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Lesson 23The Honor Code
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. Background Knowledge
2. Text Analysis
3. Exercises
4. Questions For Discussion
Extensive Reading II
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. the Morse Code The Morse Code is a signal
system devised (1838) by Samuel Morse for use in
the wire telegraph, now used in radiotelegraphy
and elsewhere. Letters, numbers and punctuation
are represented by combinations of dots (brief
taps of the transmitting key) and dashed (three
times the length of dots). (Pictures) 2. Walkie-Ta
lkie A walkie-talkie is a small portable radio
which you can talk into and hear messages through
so that you can communicate with someone far
away. It is frequently used by policemen,
sportsmen and others on the move to communicate
over distances up to a few km. (Pictures)
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
3. Objective Tests and Essay Tests An objective
test is one of the two types of tests that are
commonly used in modern schools. It is intended
to deal with facts instead of personal opinions.
To make up an objective test, the teacher writes
a series of questions, each of which has only one
correct answer. The student has just one task he
must recognize the correct answer and copy its
letter (or number) on his exam paper. For
testing a students memory of facts and details,
the objective test has advantages. It can be
scored very quickly by the teacher or even by a
machine. In a short time the teacher can find out
a great deal about the students range of
knowledge. For testing some kinds of
learning, however, such a test is not very
satisfactory. A lucky student may guess the
correct answer without really knowing the
material.
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
For a clearer picture of what the student
knows, most teachers use another kind of
examination, the essay test. An essay test
requires students to write long answers to broad,
general questions. One advantage of the essay
test is that it reduces the element of luck. The
student cannot get a high score just by making a
lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows
the examiner more about the students ability to
put facts together into a meaningful whole. But
essay tests also have disadvantages. Some
students can write rather good answers without
really knowing much about the subject, while
other students who actually know the material
have trouble expressing their ideas in essay
form. Besides, on an essay test the students
score may depend upon the examiners feelings at
the time of reading the answer. From this
standpoint the objective test gives each student
a fairer chance.
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Questions for Discussion
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. What do you think of the Honor Code? Do you
think it would help in the formation of good
character amongst students, whether at Chinese
universities or overseas? Explain your
answer. 2. Do you think it is possible to
secretly give or receive examinable information
(to be a cheat) and still have a clear
conscience? What is it about cheating which is
wrong and unfair? 3. What suggestions do you have
to guard against cheating in our own lives, in
examinations, and more generally in organizations
like universities?
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Exercise
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. True/False Questions 2. Multiple-choice
Questions
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. In the phrases the Honor Code and Morse
Code the word code has almost the same
meaning. 2. Students are so closely watched
during examinations that they can never get away
with cheating. 3. If a student becomes a regular
cheat at school, that student will finally pay
for such behavior. 4. The student who gives help
at cheating also breaks the Honor Code.
5. Students who give help at cheating are more
stupid than those who receive help, even though
they know their subjects well.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. In the phrases the Honor Code and Morse
Code the word code has almost the same
meaning. F 2. Students are so closely watched
during examinations that they can never get away
with cheating. 3. If a student becomes a regular
cheat at school, that student will finally pay
for such behavior. 4. The student who gives help
at cheating also breaks the Honor Code.
5. Students who give help at cheating are more
stupid than those who receive help, even though
they know their subjects well.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. In the phrases the Honor Code and Morse
Code the word code has almost the same
meaning. F 2. Students are so closely watched
during examinations that they can never get away
with cheating. F 3. If a student becomes a
regular cheat at school, that student will
finally pay for such behavior. 4. The student
who gives help at cheating also breaks the Honor
Code. 5. Students who give help at cheating are
more stupid than those who receive help, even
though they know their subjects well.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. In the phrases the Honor Code and Morse
Code the word code has almost the same
meaning. F 2. Students are so closely watched
during examinations that they can never get away
with cheating. F 3. If a student becomes a
regular cheat at school, that student will
finally pay for such behavior. T 4. The student
who gives help at cheating also breaks the Honor
Code. 5. Students who give help at cheating are
more stupid than those who receive help, even
though they know their subjects well.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. In the phrases the Honor Code and Morse
Code the word code has almost the same
meaning. F 2. Students are so closely watched
during examinations that they can never get away
with cheating. F 3. If a student becomes a
regular cheat at school, that student will
finally pay for such behavior. T 4. The student
who gives help at cheating also breaks the Honor
Code. T 5. Students who give help at cheating
are more stupid than those who receive help, even
though they know their subjects well.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. In the phrases the Honor Code and Morse
Code the word code has almost the same
meaning. F 2. Students are so closely watched
during examinations that they can never get away
with cheating. F 3. If a student becomes a
regular cheat at school, that student will
finally pay for such behavior. T 4. The student
who gives help at cheating also breaks the Honor
Code. T 5. Students who give help at cheating
are more stupid than those who receive help, even
though they know their subjects well. T
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. Professors prefer objective tests to essay
writing because they believe in the effectiveness
of Yes or No questions. 7. Professors hate
discovering unacknowledged quotations in papers
and will often use sarcasm about students
plagiarism. 8. Fearing to be brought before a
Judiciary Board, most students will give up the
idea of cheating even though they might think
about it. 9. The Honor Code can help control all
kinds of wrongdoings amongst university students.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. Professors prefer objective tests to essay
writing because they believe in the effectiveness
of Yes or No questions. F 7. Professors hate
discovering unacknowledged quotations in papers
and will often use sarcasm about students
plagiarism. 8. Fearing to be brought before a
Judiciary Board, most students will give up the
idea of cheating even though they might think
about it. 9. The Honor Code can help control all
kinds of wrongdoings amongst university students.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. Professors prefer objective tests to essay
writing because they believe in the effectiveness
of Yes or No questions. F 7. Professors hate
discovering unacknowledged quotations in papers
and will often use sarcasm about students
plagiarism. T 8. Fearing to be brought before a
Judiciary Board, most students will give up the
idea of cheating even though they might think
about it. 9. The Honor Code can help control all
kinds of wrongdoings amongst university students.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. Professors prefer objective tests to essay
writing because they believe in the effectiveness
of Yes or No questions. F 7. Professors hate
discovering unacknowledged quotations in papers
and will often use sarcasm about students
plagiarism. T 8. Fearing to be brought before a
Judiciary Board, most students will give up the
idea of cheating even though they might think
about it. T 9. The Honor Code can help control
all kinds of wrongdoings amongst university
students.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. Professors prefer objective tests to essay
writing because they believe in the effectiveness
of Yes or No questions. F 7. Professors hate
discovering unacknowledged quotations in papers
and will often use sarcasm about students
plagiarism. T 8. Fearing to be brought before a
Judiciary Board, most students will give up the
idea of cheating even though they might think
about it. T 9. The Honor Code can help control
all kinds of wrongdoings amongst university
students. F
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. Cheating is most harmful because _____.
A) the student may get away with it and get an
undeserved high mark B) the student may get
caught and be punished for it C) it may get worse
if the student does not get caught D) it may
develop into more serious sorts of crimes years
later
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. Cheating is most harmful because _____.
D A) the student may get away with it and get an
undeserved high mark B) the student may get
caught and be punished for it C) it may get worse
if the student does not get caught D) it may
develop into more serious sorts of crimes years
later
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
2. What kind of student is more stupid when
cheating happens during examinations? A)
Students who cannot answer most of the questions
on the paper. B) The student who agrees to help
the student in need of that help. C) Students who
ask for help in the classroom. D) The student who
keeps the Honor Code when asked for help.
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
2. What kind of student is more stupid when
cheating happens during examinations? B A)
Students who cannot answer most of the questions
on the paper. B) The student who agrees to help
the student in need of that help. C) Students who
ask for help in the classroom. D) The student who
keeps the Honor Code when asked for help.
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
3. According to this article, professors often
justify using objective tests because ______.
A) it takes too much time to read essay-type
answers B) objective tests save the trouble of
marking the test papers C) objective tests are
fairer for the students than discussions on
philosophic issues D) it is easier to prepare Yes
or No questions
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
3. According to this article, professors often
justify using objective tests because ______.
A A) it takes too much time to read essay-type
answers B) objective tests save the trouble of
marking the test papers C) objective tests are
fairer for the students than discussions on
philosophic issues D) it is easier to prepare Yes
or No questions
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
4. Which of the following is most likely to be an
objective test? A) Writing an essay. B) Answering
questions. C) Multiple-choice questions. D) Compl
eting sentences.
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
4. Which of the following is most likely to be an
objective test? C A) Writing an
essay. B) Answering questions. C) Multiple-choice
questions. D) Completing sentences.
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
5. Through the fourth paragraph from the bottom
of this article the author means to ______.
A) defend students copying out of books when
writing papers B) tell us that professors are
more experienced than students at dealing with
plagiarism C) criticize professors severely for
setting a bad example for students D) describe
the problems of higher education in the U.S. in a
humorous tone
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
5. Through the fourth paragraph from the bottom
of this article the author means to ______.
D A) defend students copying out of books when
writing papers B) tell us that professors are
more experienced than students at dealing with
plagiarism C) criticize professors severely for
setting a bad example for students D) describe
the problems of higher education in the U.S. in a
humorous tone
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. We learn from this article that the Honor Code
is _______. A) to help improve the teaching
environment of the U.S. colleges B) established
to prevent college students from cheating C) laid
down to uphold the good name of a college D) to
support the students organization Judiciary Board
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. We learn from this article that the Honor Code
is _______. C A) to help improve the teaching
environment of the U.S. colleges B) established
to prevent college students from cheating C) laid
down to uphold the good name of a college D) to
support the students organization Judiciary Board
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
These days university students in China know
more and more about graduate school opportunities
and student lifestyles in American universities.
As in every country, a few American students are
tempted to use short cuts to cheat. Read on and
you will discover a clever way honest American
students use to deal with fellow students caught
breaking the rules. The Honor Code is not to
be confused with the Morse Code. In fact the two
are just the opposite , since the Morse Code is
used to communicate information to others, while
the Honor Code is used to keep it to oneself.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Students are on their honor not to cheat. The
worst thing about cheating is that the student
may get away with it in the classroom and then a
few years later, overconfident, go in for
cheating on a large scale, such as embezzling a
million dollars, and get caught. The penalty for
this turns out to be a good deal harsher than an
F and three weeks of encampusment. Sometimes
on examination papers and bluebooks students are
asked to write I pledge on my honor that I have
neither given nor received help, followed by
their signature. It is more blessed to receive
than to give. Anyone who gives help, running all
that risk and getting nothing out of it, is so
stupid its a wonder he knows anything in the
first place.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Students can be inventive and ingenious about
cheating. One student brought a transistor radio
to an examination in Religions of the World,
pretending to listen to a ball game. Actually he
received a stream of information on the
Buddhists, Shintoists, Hindus, Confucianists,
Taoists, Moslems, etc. from his roommate, who was
at the college radio station with the textbook.
By using earphones, he considerately kept from
distracting other students or the proctor.
Proctors, too, can make use of modern electronic
devices for detection. Not only do they keep the
class under close watch with highpowered
binoculars, through a one-way window, but they
communicate by walkie-talkie whenever they spot
anything out of line.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Suspicious markings on cuff of boy in second
row, third in from aisle. Over. Roger. Am
using infra-red telescopic scanner. Over.
Advise what you find. Over. Markings
appear to be note to blonde in next seat. A
little hard to make out, but I think it reads
You look good enough to eat. Munch, munch.
Remember we have a date at the Dirty Spoon
tonight. Over. Probably all right, but it
might be code. Keep your eyes peeled for any
papers passed under desk, and intercept. Over.
Roger.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Professors can, of course, make cheating
virtually impossible by avoiding objective tests.
All they have to do is to lead the student into
an essay-type answer with something like Discuss
the philosophic issues involved in an
understanding of social activity, with special
emphasis on freedom and predictability,
objectivity, causality, and relations between the
individual and society. Faced with the prospect
of reading thirty or forty examination papers on
such a topic, professors may be forgiven if they
start their examination Answer the following
Yes or No or Place a check mark in the
appropriate square.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
One rather subtle form of cheating is
plagiarism, or writing papers copied out of books
which it is hoped the instructor has not read. An
instructor who finds the prose style in a
freshman theme somewhat unusual for a freshman,
may think it sounds like Arnold J. Toynbee. After
doing a great deal of reading, and learning a
remarkable lot of history, he discovers it is
from Thomas Babington Macaulay. Despite all the
work he has gone to, it was worth it to be able
to write on the paper This was obviously taken
word for word from Macaulay.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Then, with the bitter sarcasm of which
professors frequently avail themselves, confident
that students will not dare reply in kind If
you had to steal something, you should have
stolen something with which I was not familiar,
if possible. The student, too busy being rushed
by a fraternity to write his own paper, gets an F
in the course and, at the end of the year, drops
out of college, while the professors reputation
for omniscience, i.e. knowing everything, gets a
big boost.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
What the student will never know is that the
professors doctoral dissertation was made up
almost entirely of cleverly interwoven passages
from two or three obscure nineteenth-century
historians. However the professor, thanks to
techniques learned in graduate school, knew how
to use ibid., op. cit., loc. cit., and passim in
his footnotes so effectively that it was
impossible for anyone to track down his
references. Also the graduate professor who
supervised his doctoral dissertation was too busy
with his own research to do any sleuthing.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
The simplest way to prepare a term paper
without writing it is to have it done by an
agency that specializes in this sort of thing.
For a small sum, say a hundred dollars, you can
get a ten-page paper written on any subject, with
a grade of B or better guaranteed. However, one
student who had his paper written for him by such
a group of people was guilty not only of cheating
but of gross negligence. When he turned in his
paper, he forgot and left in the bill.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Under the Honor code, of course, a student
would not think of cheating. Or he might think
about it and promptly dismiss the idea as
unworthy. There is too much risk of being caught.
And being caught means being brought before the
Judiciary Board, a group of students who are so
smart they dont need to cheat. Most students
would rather fail, or even study hard enough to
pass honestly, than face the Judiciary Board. The
Board takes up not only cheating but cases of
immoral and antisocial behavior, such as
drunkenness and sexual promiscuity not because
these things are wrong but because they may, if
overdone, give the college a bad name.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
To summarize, the Honor Code is a great help.
Without it, things would be worse. Simplified
from Going Around in Academic Circles A Low View
of Higher Education By Richard Armour,
McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York,
1965. Approximately 960 words.
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code kEud n. ??????????a systematic
collection of regulations and rules a system of
symbols, letters, or words given certain
arbitrary meanings, used for transmitting
messages requiring secrecy or brevitye.g. The
letter was written in code and I could not
understand it. ???????,????
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Words to Know
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embezzle im5bezl vt. ??(??)??(??)take
(money, for example) for one's own use in
violation of a truste.g. The head of the branch
bank embezzled ten thousand dollars from the bank
where he worked.??????????????????????
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Words to Know
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pledge pledV vt. ???? make a solemn binding
promise sweare.g. He pledged his honor that he
had told the truth.???????????????
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Words to Know
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signature 5sinitFE n. ??one's name as
written by oneselfe.g. He forged his fathers
signature on the check.??????????????
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Words to Know
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distract dis5trAkt vt. ??(???)???cause to
turn away from the original focus of
attentione.g. My attentions are distracted from
my study.???????????
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proctor 5prCktE n. (???)????a dormitory and
examination supervisor in a schoole.g. The
proctor caught him cheating in the maths
exam.????????????????
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binoculars bI5nRkjJlEz n. ?????field-glasses
with lenses for both eyese.g. The birthday gift
that his parents gave him was a pair of
binoculars.???????????????????
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Words to Know
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peel pil vt. ????,????strip or cut away
the skin, rind, or bark from paree.g. Please
peel this banana. ?????????? keep ones eyes
peeled forkeep ones eyes open ??,??e.g. When
the policemen were searching the house, they kept
their eyes peeled for anything suspicious.???????
???,?????????????
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
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intercept 9intE5sept vt. ??,??stop, deflect,
or interrupt the progress or intended course
ofe.g. The parcels of drugs were intercepted by
the Customs House before they were
delivered.??????????????????
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Words to Know
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subtle 5sQtl adj. ???,??????operating in a
hidden, usually injurious way insidiouse.g. We
should be wary of those subtle enemies.??????????
??
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Words to Know
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plagiarism 5pleidViErizEm n. ??,??the act of
plagiarizinge.g. Plagiarism is a matter of
shame.???????
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Words to Know
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sarcasm 5sBkAzEm n. ??,?? ironic remark
intended to wounde.g. She often squelches
others with biting sarcasm.???????????????
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avail E5veil vt. ???,??? be of use or
advantage to helpe.g. Im afraid my help
didnt avail you much.????????????? avail
oneself of ??e.g. You should avail yourself of
every opportunity to practise speaking
English.???????????????
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boost bust n. vt. ??,???? a push upward
or ahead an increasee.g. He enjoyed a big
boost in salary after he was promoted.???????????
??
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dissertation 9disE5teiFEn n. (????)??(??)??
a lengthy, formal treatise, especially one
written by a candidate for the doctoral degree at
a university a thesise.g. You should present
your dissertation by the end of next
month.??????????????????
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supervise 5sjupEvaiz vt. ??,?? have the
charge and direction of superintende.g. The
teacher supervised our drawing class.
???????????
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Words to Know
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gross rEus adj. ???,??,??gravetotale.g.
Our gross domestic product nearly doubled last
year.????????????????
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Words to Know
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negligence 5nelidVEns n. ???? a negligent
act or a failure to acte.g. There is no
accident out of negligence in my
factory.??????????????
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Words to Know
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dismiss dis5mis vt. (????)????,?? end the
employment or service of dischargee.g. The
boss threatened to dismiss all the employees who
had expressed their sympathy for the strike, but
it's all bluff.?????????????????,???????????
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Words to Know
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promiscuity 9prCmis5kjuiti n. (???)??,??
promiscuous sexual relationse.g. That film is
full of violence and promiscuity.?????????????
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bluebook blubJk n.1. Book published by the
U.S. or British government containing a
report.???????????????????????????????e.g. The
bluebook contains a government announcement on
that issue.????????????????????2. A book
listing the names of socially prominent
people.???????? e.g. It is a great honor to be
included in the bluebook.??????????????????
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3. A blank notebook with blue covers in which to
write the answers to examination
questions.(???)??????,??e.g. The final
examination began and all the students started to
write in their bluebooks.???????,????????????????
??
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fraternity frE5tEniti n.1. A body of people
associated for a common purpose or interest, such
as a guild.?????????????????????e.g. He joined
in the Fraternity.????????2. A group of people
joined by similar backgrounds, occupations,
interests, or tastes?????(????)?????????????????
??????????e.g. He is a member of the fraternity
of bird watchers.??????????
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3. The quality or condition of being brothers
brotherliness.??,??????????????e.g. I helped
him out of pure fraternity.??????????
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Words to Know
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encampusment a coined word meaning a
punishment a student may get of being confined to
the university campus for his/her wrongdoing.
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Words to Know
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sleuthing 5sluWIN an old-fashioned informal
word, often used humorously, meaning detecting
activities
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Words to Know
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be on ones honor ?????(?????????)e.g. You
should be on your honor to tell the
truth.??????????????
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Useful Phrases and Expressions
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get away with ??(?????????)e.g. If I cheat in
the examination, do you think I might get away
with it????????,??????????
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Useful Phrases and Expressions
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go in for ??(????)e.g. In his fifties, he began
to go in for water skiing.???????????????
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
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on a large scale ????e.g. They are preparing
for war on a large scale.?????????????
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
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get caught ????e.g. The boy got caught when he
was stealing apples from the garden.?????????????
??
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
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(it) turns out to be (??)???e.g. The rookie
turned out to be the best hitter on the
team.???????????????
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
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a good (or great) deal ??,????e.g. He smokes a
great deal.??????
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Useful Phrases and Expressions
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a stream of ????,????e.g. Thinking of his
sufferings, he began a stream of
curses.??????,???????????
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keep from ??,??e.g. She successfully kept her
husband from getting involved in the
scandal.???????????????
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make use of ??,??e.g. In ancient times, people
knew how to make use of fire.????,???????????
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out of line (??)??,????e.g. Her father is a
serious Catholic, and he will not tolerate
anything out of line in his house.????????????,??
?????????????
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make out ???e.g. I could barely make out the
traffic signs through the rain.??????????????
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it was worth it to (be) ???e.g. It was worth
it to be back to his hometown.??????????
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in kind ??????(???)e.g. He returned her slight
in kind.?????????????
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drop out (of) ??,??e.g. He dropped out of the
established society because of disillusion with
conventional values.?????????????????
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track down ???????e.g. She spent weeks in the
library tracking down all the reference
information on the subject.??????????????????????
?????
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Morse Code an international code used for
sending messages. It uses a system of written
dots and dashes, or short and long sounds, to
represent each letter of the alphabet.
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Arnold J. Toynbee (1889-1975) English
historian
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Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800-1859) English
historian, poet, essayist and statesman.
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ibid., op. cit., loc. cit., and passim Latin
abbreviations for to be found in the same
article or book, quoted from another book, to be
found in a passage already cited, at several
points throughout a book.
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It is more blessed to receive than to give By
this clever inversion of the original Biblical
quotation, It is more blessed to give than to
receive, the author draws the readers attention
to an implied message by giving information to
other students, you could be exposed as a cheat,
so dont risk it.
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Suspicious markings on cuff of boy in second
row, third in from aisle. Over. This is the
way one talks through portable radio
transmission, i.e. ones speech is shortened. If
we made the above speech normal, it would be
Ive found suspicious markings on the end of the
sleeve of a boy who sits in the second row and is
the third in from the aisle. When one finishes
such messages, one says Over, meaning Over to
you. You speak now. When the other person begins
to talk, he/she says Roger first, to show that
the message has been received and understood.
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he forgot and left in the bill when he
submitted his paper to his instructor he forgot
to remove the account from the agency who had
written his paper
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Pictures
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Pictures
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