Maastricht

1
NextGen JPDO Update Annual NGATS Institute Public
Meeting June 21, 2007
Charles A. Leader Director, Jay Merkle, Chief
Architect Joint Planning and Development Office

2
Its More Than Just the Movement of People and
Goods

• Aviation and Aerospace represent 5.4 of U.S.
  GDP.
• If expanded to include related industries, its 9
  of U.S. GDP
• Contributes 11 million jobs to our economy

3
All Signs Point to Continued Strong Growth

• One Billion Passengers in U.S. Skies by 2015
• Potential for Triple Demand by 2025
• New Entrants Such as Very Light Jets
• Global Market Opportunities
• U.S. Travel and Tourism to Grow 4.2 Annually

4
General Aviation Challenges

• Maintaining access to National Airspace
• Preserving VFR
• Limiting Equipage Costs
• Limiting Restricted Airspace

5
Air Taxi/VLJ Challenges

• Personal Air Travel Alliance Survey of top five
  Air Taxi Operators
• 500 VLJs within three years
• 200-300 mile average flight
• 18,000 21,000 feet altitude at 340 knots
• Primarily secondary airport destinations
• Target 1000 hrs/yr operation per VLJ
• Dramatic Demand growth outside legacy carrier
  route structure

6
Defense (DoD/DHS) Airspace Challenges

• 13,000 aircraft fleet
• Management of Air Defense Identification zones
• Temporary flight restrictions
• Special Use Airspace
• Equipage costs
• Homeland Defense Requirements

7
Transformation Started Yesterday

• Real World Improvements Being Delivered Now
• Transformational Building Blocks
• Network Enabled Operations The Big Picture
• Revolutionizing Air Navigation and Surveillance

8
ATM view of evolution
Building NextGen
Research
FY07 11 4DT Management Performance-Based Ops
Services Equivalent Visual Ops (CDTI) Roles of
Pilots Controllers
FY12 18 Super Density Operations Time-Based
Surface Ops Right Sizing of Facilities
FY19 25 Research for Transformed NextGen State
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NextGen Plan
What The NextGen transformed state will be Narrative System Documentation
Who, When and How The NextGen capabilities will be researched, developed and implemented
Why The NextGen investments make sense
Concept of Operations
Enterprise Architecture
June 2007
Integrated Work Plan
July 2007
OMB Business Case Exhibit 300
Sept 2007
10
JPDO Product Development

• NextGen Concept of Operations (ConOps)
• V2 was completed on June 13, 2007
• NextGen Enterprise Architecture
• V2 to be completed by June 22, 2007
• V2 in FEA Format to be sent to OMB by the end of
  June

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JPDO Product Development Cont-d

• Integrated Work Plan
• Roadmap of operational improvements between today
  and full NextGen in 2025 ( 69 ATM OIs)
• Includes development and implementation, RD, and
  Policy efforts required to achieve the
  operational improvements
• Dependencies and critical path
• Initial Baseline is on schedule to be completed
  by the end of July 2007

12
JPDO Product Development Cont-d

• Exhibit 300 Business Case
• Will define the NextGen investment portfolio
  across all partner agencies
• Draft to be completed by June
• Final to OMB in September

13
Supporting Capabilities

• Modeling and Simulation
• National Virtual Test Bed (NVTB)
• Quantifies OMB Business Case Requirements
• One-Story Analysis
• Models benefits, cost, risk
• Supports safety and environmental case
• Identifies Priority Areas
• NGATS Institute
• Funded studies of key issues

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Key CapabilitiesPerformance-Based Operations
and Services
Collaborative ATM Trajectory-based Ops.
Modernized Surface Ops. Trajectory-based Separation Management
Weather Impacted Ops. Dynamic Resource Aerospace Management
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Key CapabilitiesNetwork Enabled Information
Access

• Network Enabled Operations (NEO)
• Network Enabled Infrastructure (NEI)
• Network Enabled Weather (NEW)

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Key CapabilitiesWeather Assimilated into
Decision Making

• Net-centric weather information is made available
  and understandable to all approved users
• A reliable virtual, common weather picture is
  foundational for optimal air transportation
  decision-making
• Presentation of weather data is tailored to user
  operational needs
• Widespread use of integrated probabilistic
  weather-related decision support systems
• Automatic updates to users based on operational
  need
• An adaptive observing system integrating ground,
  airborne and spaced-based sensors

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Key CapabilitiesLayered Adaptive Security

• Adaptive Security for People, Cargo, Airports
  and Aircraft
• Risk Assessment-Driven Evaluation and Response
• Positive Identification for People and Cargo
• Preventive Threat Detection and Mitigation

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Key CapabilitiesPosition, Navigation and Timing
Services (PNT)

• Air routes are independent of the location of
  ground-based navigation aids
• RNAV is used everywhere RNP is used where
  required
• System performance meets operational needs to
  service the demand
• Increased availability of guided approaches at
  smaller airports

• Mostly for general aviation with lower minimums

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Key CapabilitiesAircraft Trajectory-Based
Operations

• Services and Operations based on precise
  trajectory execution
• Self-Separation Services
• Flow Corridors
• Super Density Arrival/Departure Airspace

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Key CapabilitiesEquivalent Visual Operations

• Improved information availability which allows
  aircraft operations without regard to visibility
• Access to PNT enables increased accessibility
  for airport surface and arrival/departure
  operations
• Enables more predictable and efficient
  operations regardless of meteorological
  conditions

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Key CapabilitiesSuper Density Operations

• Use of RNP operations and procedures
• Mitigation of wake vortex constraints
• Improved runway incursion prevention algorithms
• Automatic distribution of runway braking action
  reports
• Distribution of taxi instructions before landing
  
• Use of aircraft sensors

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Benefits of End-State NextGen
Phase of Flight Flight Situation Flight Time Reduction Total Dollar Savings per Year Portion of Savings Due To Fuel
Surface-Taxi out and Taxi-in Small Airports Large Airports 30 seconds 2 minutes 328 million 1.3 billion 79 million 315 million
Terminal area, including departure, landing Small Airports, Good Wx Large Airports, Bad Wx 10 minutes 30 minutes 6.5 billion 19.7 billion 1.6 billion 4.7 billion
Enroute (cruise phase) Good Weather Severe Weather 10 minutes 20 minutes 6.5 billion 13.1 billion 1.6 billion 3.1 billion
Based upon FAA estimates of 2,736/hour of
airline direct operating costs, includes variable
(fuel is assumed to cost 722/hour) and fixed
costs (such as depreciation), and 1,090/hour of
general aviation direct operating costs (GA fuel
is assumed to cost 114/hour). Assumes 36,000
airline flights/day, 16,000 general aviation IFR
flights/day. Assumes all flights accrue the
benefits. Benefits across flight phases are not
additive due to overlapping assumptions and
correlation. Source of cost data GRA Inc.,
Economic Values for FAA Investment and
Regulatory Decisions, a Guide, FAA APO, December
2004.
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NextGen Implementation Status
Funded Commitments
Mid-Term Capabilities
FY07
FY09
FY08
2012 - 2018

• Initiate Trajectory-based Operations
• Increase Arrivals/Departures at High Density
  Airports
• Increase Flexibility in the Terminal Environment
• Improve Collaborative ATM
• Reduce Weather Impact
• Increase Safety, Security, and Environmental
  Performance
• Transform Facilities

ADS-B - Implement 1st segment of advanced
surveillance broadcast services to deliver
en-route, terminal, surface surveillance data
from key sites via broadcast comm. link
SWIM - Implement 1st set of data exchange
services using net-centric technology and
architecture to support increase shared
situational awareness
NNEW Demonstrate inter-agency Wx Dissemination
Mgmt capabilities to Integrate effective Wx info
into Operational decision-making
DataComm Develop architecture to transform
from a voice-only comm. to an air-ground data
comm. capability
Demos Infrastructure - Perform formal demos
that advance RD, operational concepts and key
infrastructure
NASA programs

• Aviation Safety
• Airspace Systems
• Fundamental Aeronautics

2019-2025
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Progress

• NextGen Concept of Operations and Enterprise
  Architecture to be base-lined June 2007
• Integrated Work Plan baseline and Business Case
  (E-300) to be completed this summer
• FAA initial system changes underway
  (infrastructure and initial applications)
• ADS-B
• SWIM
• DataCom
• Voice Switch
• Demonstrations
• FAA mid-term plan in development (Operational
  Evolution Partnership)
• NASA research aligned (long-term transformation)
• Near-term interagency initiatives
• NextGen Network-enabled Weather Joint Program
  Office, Safety Management System, Net-centric
  Information System

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Challenges

• Achieving Integration
• Pace of Implementation
• Overcoming Technical Hurdles
• Changing Policy and Culture
• Achieving Global Harmonization

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www.jpdo.gov
27
Backup
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The Cost of NextGen

• JPDO has reviewed several initial outside
  estimates
• FAAs Research, Engineering and Development
  Advisory Committee (REDAC)
• MITRE Avionics Estimate
• FAAs Air Traffic Organization (ATO)
• The First Five Years - 4.6 billion
• 4.3 billion in ATO capital appropriation
• and 300 million in research, engineering, and
  development.

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The Cost Of NextGen cont-d

• Our Partner Agencies
• In FY08 our partner agencies are investing a
  total of about 300 million in NextGen, primarily
  in RD.
• Longer-Term Cost Estimates
• Next 10 years 8-10 billion
• End-state or through 2025 15-22 billion
• Avionics costs 14-20 billion

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NextGen Evolution
JPDO Planning Oversight
NextGen Plan
NextGen Plan provides mechanismfor alignment and
oversight
Feedback
Feedback
Feedback
Alignment
Alignment
Alignment
Epoch 1 Near Term Core Infrastructure, Initial
Applications, Systems Engineering
Epoch 1
Epoch 2
Epoch 3
Agencies Implementation
Epoch 2 Mid Term Mid-Term Transition to Primary
NextGen Operations
NEAR
MID
LONG
Develop Reduce Risk Research
Operate Develop Reduce Risk
Operate Develop
Epoch 3 Long Term NextGen Solutions Fully
Integrated - Transformation Complete
Phased Implementationto manage risk andensure
intermediate benefits
NextGen
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Figure 2-2. ATM DecisionsInteractive and
Integrated Across Time Horizons
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Figure 2-3. Airspace Hierarchy
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Figure 2-5. Collaborative ATM Among ANSP
Operators
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Figure 2-6. Elements of a Four-Dimensional
Trajectory
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Figure 2-7. Flow Corridors
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Figure 2-8. Super-Density Terminal Operations
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DoD Interests and Risks

• Operations
• Global access and compatibility
• Airspace access for test, training and readiness
  (continuing, reliable access Special Use Airspace
  resources)
• UAS integration, access
• Net-Enabled Information Sharing (NEIS) policy and
  architecture for compatibility in NextGen
• Air Security
• Air Domain Surveillance and Intelligence
  Integration
• Air Defense
• Acquisition/Resources
• Fleet (incl. UAS) certification and equipage
• Integration, planning investment for Deployable
  Air Traffic Control Landing Systems (ATCALS,
  including shipboard systems)
• Expertise investments offer a leveraging tool
  for furthering NextGen design and implementation

Bottom Line NextGen will impact the way the DoD
plans, funds and flies domestically and globally