Why did the Puritans want to leave England?

1
Why did the Puritans want to leave England?

• religious persecution

2
What religious movement was focused on getting an
emotional response from its audience?

• Great Awakening

3
Why did the British begin taxing the colonists in
1763?

• pay for the French Indian (7 yrs.) War

4
Who did the southern colonies rely upon for their
labor force?

• slaves from Africa

5
Who was the primary author of the Declaration of
Independence?

• Thomas Jefferson

6
Which enlightenment thinker pushed for a three
branch government?

• Montesquieu

7
Which enlightenment thinker was an advocate for
the protection of natural rights (life,
liberty, property)? Where did they believe these
rights came from?

• Locke, GOD

8
Which enlightenment thinker pushed government
by the general will?

• Rousseau

9
What famous pamphlet in 1776 called for
Americans to reject monarchy support
independence? Who was its author?

• Common Sense, Thomas Paine

10
What document set up our nations first
government but ended up giving too much power to
the states?

• Articles of Confederation

11
Name two weaknesses of the Articles of
Confederation.

• no power to tax, no power to coin money, no
  executive branch, weak central government

12
What were the two main purposes of the
Declaration of Independence?

• Establish ideology behind revolution and list
  grievances vs. King George

13
How many houses are their in our Congress? What
are their names?

• 2, the Senate and the House of Representatives

14
What were the two major compromises made during
the drafting of the United States Constitution?

• Great Compromise (large states House, small
  states Senate), 3/5 Compromise (5 slaves count
  for 3 men)

15
What part of the government did the Federalists
want strengthened in the new constitution?

• the national (Federal) government, get
  itFederalists

16
What group pushed hard for the inclusion of the
Bill of Rights?

• Anti-Federalists

17
What freedoms are guaranteed by the First
Amendment?

• Speech, religion, press, assembly, petition

18
Who has the power to declare laws/acts
unconstitutional (aka the power of Judicial
review established in Marbury v. Madison)?

• Judicial Branch/Supreme Court

19
What was Hamiltons (the Federalist) vision for
America?

• A country based on manufacturing and a strong
  central government

20
What was Jeffersons (the Democratic Republican)
vision of America?

• Agricultural society, everybody owns land, strong
  states rights

21
What was the Monroe Doctrine (issued in 1823)?

• dont mess around in our hemisphere well stay
  out of yours (to Europe)

22
What is Manifest Destiny?

• The belief that the U.S. would someday control
  the land from coast to coast.

23
What change in voting requirements allowed the
common man to support Andrew Jackson and the
new Democratic Party in 1828?

• End to the property requirement for voting

24
How were the industries of westward expansion in
conflict with the lifestyle of the Plains NAs?

• settled (mining farming) vs. nomadic

25
Why did Mormons move west to the Utah territory?

• To escape religious persecution

26
What was Lincolns main purpose at the start of
the fighting in the Civil War?

• preserving the Union

27
What happened to the Southern industrial and
agricultural production facilities during the war?

• They were almost totally wiped out

28
What was the purpose of the Emancipation
Proclamation?

• Free the slaves in rebel states

29
In what speech did Lincoln call for a new
birth of freedom and identify the new goals of
the war?

• Gettysburg Address

30
What did the Civil War Amendments (13, 14, 15)
do?

• Made slavery illegal (13), extends civil rights
  to all races (14), voting rights for all males
  (15)

31
Name 2 things that kept freedmen from gaining
true equality.

• sharecropping, KKK, black codes, racist
  attitudes, poverty

32
Name 2 ways Southern states kept freedmen from
voting.

• poll taxes, literacy tests, threats violence

33
What was the major demographic shift after the
Civil War?

• urbanization (shift from country to city)

34
What inventions helped fuel the growth of cities?

• telephone, electric light, use of steel in
  construction, electric street car

35
Give 3 examples of poor working and living
conditions in the new industrial cities.

• heat/cold, unsafe machines, long hours, low
  wages, overcrowding, crime and disease

36
Describe 2 ways that districts or neighborhoods
developed in these new cities?

• by industry, wealth, racial or ethnic group

37
What religious movement of the late 1800s
created a desire by Christians to save their
souls by reforming society and by helping the
less fortunate?

• The Second Great Awakening

38
What was the goal of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and
Susan B. Anthony at the Seneca Falls Convention
in 1846?

• Womens rights including suffrage (the right to
  vote)

39
What famous book (and author) exposed the horrors
of these conditions, especially in Chicagos meat
packing industry?

• The Jungle by Upton Sinclair

40
How did workers eventually respond to these poor
conditions?

• formed unions

41
What was the first national labor organization?
Who did they try and organize?

• Knights of Labor, all workers

42
What type of worker did the American Federation
of Labor (AFL) try to organize? Who was their
first leader?

• skilled white male workers, Samuel Gompers

43
What is laissez faire economics?

• a system with little or no government control or
  interference with business/trade

44
Why were new immigrants subjected to so much
discrimination?

• different languages, religions (Roman Catholic,
  Jewish), complexions, cultural differences

45
How did the Americanization Movement attempt to
help immigrants succeed?

• education in the American way of life,
  including public schools, Protestant religion,
  hygiene, English language

46
What did political machines offer to immigrants
in order to get their votes?

• help with housing, finding a job, etc.

47
Identify two problems political machines caused
for their constituents.

• corruption, voting fraud, bribery, graft

48
What do you call a group of corporations
controlled by the same board for common interest?

• trust

49
What type of government economic policy did the
business leaders of the late 1800s want?

• Laissez-Faire

50
What theory favored by William Graham Sumner used
ideas about evolution to explain differences
between the rich and the poor?

• Social Darwinism

51
What theory used biblical ideas to justify
gaining wealth (as long as it was shared to help
society)?

• The Social Gospel

52
What development in transportation linked trade
between cities after the Civil War?

• Railroads

53
What kind of person was likely to be a populist?
Where were they likely to live?

• farmer, Midwest

54
Name 2 demands of the populists.

• silver-backed currency, higher crop prices, a
  natl bank to give fair loans, regulation of the
  RRs