Sentences

1
Sentences

• Homer preens.
• Homer loves his blanket.
• Homer eats.
• Homer eats crap.
• The fat bald guy eats crap.
• The fat bald guy eats vast quantities of
  artery-hardening crap.
• The fat bald guy throws the dog a bone.

2
Verbs

• Homer preens.
• Homer loves his blanket.
• Homer eats.
• Homer eats crap.
• The fat bald guy eats crap.
• The fat bald guy eats vast quantities of
  artery-hardening crap.
• The fat bald guy throws the dog a bone .

3
Arguments
V1

• Homer preens.
• Homer loves his blanket.
• Homer eats.
• Homer eats crap.
• The fat bald guy eats crap.
• The fat bald guy eats vast quantities of
  artery-hardening crap.
• The fat bald guy throws the dog a bone.

V2
V1
V2
V2
V2
V3
4
Sentences

• Homer is sexy.
• Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy.
• Homer is in the kitchen.
• Homer goes to the bar.
• The collar belongs to Santas Little Helper.
• Marge bakes a cake for Maggie.
• Bart throws a bone to the dog

5
Verbs

• Homer is sexy.
• Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy.
• Homer is in the kitchen.
• Homer goes to the bar.
• The collar belongs to Santas Little Helper.
• Marge bakes a cake for Maggie.
• Bart throws a bone to the dog.

6
Arguments
VCOP

• Homer is sexy.
• Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy.
• Homer is in the kitchen.
• Homer goes to the bar.
• The collar belongs to Santas Little Helper.
• Marge bakes a cake for Maggie.
• Bart throws a bone at the dog.

VCOP
VCOP
VCOMP
V2
VT-COMP
VT-C0MP
7
Semantic roles
Patient
Essive

• Homer is sexy.
• Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy.
• Homer is in the kitchen.
• Homer goes to the bar.
• The collar belongs to Santas Little Helper.
• Marge bakes a cake for Maggie.
• Bart throws a bone at the dog.

8
Semantic roles

• Homer is sexy.
• Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy.
• Homer is in the kitchen.
• Homer goes to the bar.
• The collar belongs to Santas Little Helper.
• Marge bakes a cake for Maggie.
• Bart throws a bone at the dog.

Patient
Essive
9
Semantic roles

• Homer is sexy.
• Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy.
• Homer is in the kitchen.
• Homer goes to the bar.
• The collar belongs to Santas Little Helper.
• Marge bakes a cake for Maggie.
• Bart throws a bone at the dog.

Patient
Essive
10
Semantic roles

• Homer is sexy.
• Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy.
• Homer is in the kitchen.
• Homer goes to the bar.
• The collar belongs to Santas Little Helper.
• Marge bakes a cake for Maggie.
• Bart throws a bone at the dog.

Agent
Goal
11
Semantic roles

• Homer is sexy.
• Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy.
• Homer is in the kitchen.
• Homer goes to the bar.
• The collar belongs to Santas Little Helper.
• Marge bakes a cake for Maggie.
• Bart throws a bone at the dog.

Patient
Possessor
12
Semantic roles

• Homer is sexy.
• Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy.
• Homer is in the kitchen.
• Homer goes to the bar.
• The collar belongs to Santas Little Helper.
• Marge bakes a cake for Maggie.
• Bart throws a bone at the dog.

Patient
Agent
Beneficiary
13
Semantic roles

• Homer is sexy.
• Homer is a nuclear-plant operations guy.
• Homer is in the kitchen.
• Homer goes to the bar.
• The collar belongs to Santas Little Helper.
• Marge bakes a cake for Maggie.
• Bart throws a bone at the dog.

Patient
Agent
Goal
14
Semantic Roles
Role Definition
Agent The entity that performs the action
Patient The entity undergoing the action the object of the experience the sponsor of a state
Experiencer The entity that experiences the state
Beneficiary The entity benefits something from the event
Essive Anything predicated by the (main) verb to be
Possessor The entity who possesses something.

Source The starting point for a movement
Goal The end point for a movement
Path The route over which movement happens

Time The time an event occurs
Location The place an event happens
15
Event schemata
Being Happening Doing Experiencing Having Moving T
ransferring
16
Semantic Roles
Role Event Schemata
Agent DOING, MOVING, TRANSFERRING
Patient BEING, HAPPENING, DOING, EXPERIENCING, HAVING, MOVING, TRANSFERRING
Experiencer EXPERIENCING
Beneficiary TRANSFERRING
Essive BEING
Possessor HAVING, TRANSFERRING

Source MOVING, TRANSFERRING
Goal MOVING, TRANSFERRING
Path MOVING, TRANSFERRING

Time ALL
Location ALL
17
Simplex event schemata
Subject NP Patient Complement Essive

• Being
• Happening
• Doing
• Experiencing
• Having

E.g.s Homer is large. Homer is a safety
inspector. Homer is in the shower.
VCOP
Complements
Subjects
Essives
Patients
18
Simplex event schemata

• Being
• Happening
• Doing
• Experiencing
• Having

Subject NP Patient E.g.s Homer fell
asleep. Homer ages. Homer stumbled.
V1
Subjects
Patients
19
Simplex event schemata

• Being
• Happening
• Doing
• Experiencing
• Having

Subject NP Agent E.g.s Homer eats. Homer
yells.
V1
Subjects
Agents
20
Simplex event schemata

• Being
• Happening
• Doing
• Experiencing
• Having

Subject NP Agent (Object NP Patient) E.g.s
Homer eats. Homer yells. Homer catches
Bart. Homer kissed Marge.
V1
V2
Subjects
Objects
Agents
Patients
21
Simplex event schemata

• Being
• Happening
• Doing
• Experiencing
• Having

Subject NP Experiencer (Object NP
Patient) E.g.s Homer laments. Homer loathes
Flanders. Homer saw Chief Wiggum.
V1
V2
22
Simplex event schemata

• Being
• Happening
• Doing
• Experiencing
• Having

Subject NP Experiencer (Object NP
Patient) E.g.s Homer laments. Homer loathes
Flanders. Homer saw Chief Wiggum.
V1
V2
(Contrast Homer watched Chief Wiggum.)
Subjects
Objects
Experiencer
Patients
23
Simplex event schemata
Subject NP Possessor Object NP Patient E.g.s
Homer has three kids. Homer has a keen sense of
smell. Homer has chicken pox. Homer owns a
dog. Homer possesses a hatbox.

• Being
• Happening
• Doing
• Experiencing
• Having

V2
Subjects
Objects
Possessors
Patients
24
Complex event schemata

• MovingHappening
• Transferring

Simplex occurrence (Happening, Having, or Doing)
with explicit reference to motion. Start
Source End Goal Route Path
25
Complex event schemata

• MovingHappening
• Transferring

Simplex occurrence (Happening, Having, or Doing)
with explicit reference to motion. Happening
Source/Path/Goal Doing Source/Path/Goal
26
Complex event schemata

• MovingHappening
• Transferring

Happening Source/Path/Goal Subj NP
Patient Complements Source, Path, Goal
27
Complex event schemata

• MovingHappening
• Transferring

Happening Source/Path/Goal E.g.s Homer
staggered home. Homer staggered home from
Apus. Homer staggered home, down the sidewalk
from Apus.
28
Complex event schemata

• MovingHappening
• Transferring

Happening Source/Path/Goal
Homer staggered home, down the sidewalk from
Apus.
Patient
Source
Path
Goal
29
Complex event schemata

• MovingDoing
• Transferring

Doing Source/Path/Goal E.g.s Homer climbed
out of the window. Homer climbed up Mount
Splashmore from base camp to the summit. Homer
ran screaming across the back yard to Flanders.
30
Complex event schemata

• MovingDoing
• Transferring

Doing Source/Path/Goal
Homer ran screaming across the back yard to
Flanders.
Goal
Agent
Path
31
Complex event schemata

• Moving
• Transferring

Having Moving
A complex schema already
Happening or Doing Source/Path/Goal
32
Complex event schemata

• Moving
• Transferring

Having MovingHappening
E.g. Bart found a wallet. Homer won 1.76 from
the Springfield Lottery Corporation.
V2
VT-COMP
33
Complex event schemata

• Moving
• Transferring

Having MovingHappening
VT-COMP
E.g. Homer won 1.76 from the SLC.
Possessor
Having
Possessor
Patient
Happening
Patient
Patient
Beneficiary
Goal
Moving
Source
Patient
34
Complex event schemata

• Moving
• Transferring

Having MovingDoing
E.g. Homer sold the dog. Homer sold the dog to
Moe.
V2
VT-COMP
35
Complex event schemata

• Moving
• Transferring

Having MovingDoing
E.g. Homer sold the dog.
Possessor
Patient
Having
Moving
Source
Patient
Doing
Agent
Patient
36
Complex event schemata

• Moving
• Transferring

Having MovingDoing
E.g. Homer sold the dog to Moe.
Possessor
Patient
Having
Possessor
Moving
Source
Patient
Goal
Doing
Agent
Patient
Beneficiary
37
Complex event schemata

• Moving
• Transferring

Having MovingDoing
E.g. Homer sold Moe the dog.
Possessor
Patient
Having
Possessor
Source
Patient
Moving
Goal
Agent
Patient
Doing
Beneficiary
38
Transferring
VT-COMP
V3

• Homer sold Moe the dog. Homer sold the dog to
  Moe.

Subject
D-Object
I-Object
Subject
Comp
D-Object
Possessor
Patient
Possessor
Possessor
Patient
Possessor
Source
Patient
Goal
Source
Patient
Goal
Agent
Patient
Beneficiary
Agent
Patient
Beneficiary
S
S
VP
VP
PP
NP
NP
NP
NP
NP
N
V
N
V
Det
N
N
Det
N
P
Homer sold the dog to Moe
Homer sold Moe the dog
39
Syntax

• The sentence
• the verb and its arguments
• the subject and the predicate phrase
• Event schemata
• simplex
• complex (simplex relocation)
• semantic roles