Introduction to Computers and C Programming

1
Appendix Lab Manual for Programming Skills
2
How to work with VC
3
C PROGRAMING

• To Make C program?
• File ? New ? win 2 console application ?
• write project name ? OK ? Finish ? OK
• OR  
• File ? New c source File ?
• write File name ? OK

4
Start Page in Visual C 2008 Express Edition.
New Project tab
Start Page tab
Start Page links
Hidden windows
5
New Project dialog.
Template types
Visual C Win32 Console Application (selected)
Description of selected project
template (provided by Visual Studio)
Type in the project name
6
Win32 Application Wizard Application Settings
dialog.
7
Solution Explorer.
Solution Explorer with an open project
New tab displaying Welcome.cpp source code
Welcome.cpp in the Source Files folder of the
Welcome project
8
Standard toolbar in Visual Studio.
Solution Configurations
Navigate backward
New Project
Open File
Save All
Copy
Undo
Start
Save
Paste
Redo
Add Item
Cut
Navigate forward
Properties window
Toolbox window
Command window
Solution Platforms
Find in Files
Find
Solution Explorer
Object browser
Start Page
9
C PROGRAMING

• To Compile the C program?
•  
• Build ? Compile.cpp
• select compile icon ? from the menu bar or
• press CTRL F7

10
C PROGRAMING

• To Execute the C program?
• 1-Bulid ? Execute .exe
• 2- select Execute icon ? from the menu bar
• 3-press CTRL F5

11
Symbols used in Writing Programs

• opening curly bracket
• closing curly bracket
• hash sign or number sign (shift3)
• ( ) small brackets
• aaaa double quotes
• aaaa single quotes
• , comma
• semicolon
• void main( ) main function
• // is used for making comment in one line
• / is used for making comment in block form /

12
Unit 1

• Objective To understand the concept of comments,
  input ,output
• Statements and data types .
• //PROGRAM-1 to demonstrate cout ... COMMENTS
• // is used for making comment in program
• includeltiostream.hgt //PREPROCESSOR
• void main( ) // FUNCTION WITH RETURN
  TYPE VOID
• //Beginning
• coutltlt"WELCOME TO VC World "ltltendl
• // cout IS AN OBJECT IN C, endl IS END OF
  LINE,
• coutltltWarning! Get readyltltendl
  
• // IS CALLED TERMINATOR.
• // End

13
Unit 1

• Program Explanation
• include ltiostreamgt Include directive tells
  the compiler
• Where to find information about input and output
  that are used in
• Your program
• cout (see-out) used for output to the monitor
• ltlt is the insertion operator
• \n causes a new line to be started on the
  monitor

14
Unit 1

• //PROGRAM-2 to demonstrate cin cout (int,
  float,char)...
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main( )
• int a
• float b
• char c
• coutltlt"ENTER AN INTEGER VALUE"ltltendl
• cingtgta
• coutltlt"ENTER A FLOAT VALUE"ltltendl
• cingtgtb
• coutltlt"ENTER A CHARACTER OR Alphabet"ltltendl
• cingtgtc
• coutltlt"INTEGER "ltltaltlt"\tFLOAT
  "ltltbltlt"\tCHARECTER "ltltcltltendl

15
Unit 1

• Program Explanationcin gtgt a
• cin (see-in) used for input from the keyboard
• gtgt extracts data from the keyboard
• Think of cin as a name for the keyboard
• gtgt points from the keyboard to a variable where
  the data is stored

16
Unit 1

• //PROGRAM-3 to find Sum and Average of two
  numbers.
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main( )
• folat a,b
• float sum,avg
• coutltlt"ENTER TWO NUMBERS"ltltendl
• cingtgtagtgtb
• sum a b
• avg sum/2
• coutltlt"SUM "ltltsumltlt"\n AVARAGE "ltltavgltltendl

17
Unit 1

• //PROGRAM-4 to find Sum and Average of three
  numbers.
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main( )
• folat a,b,c
• float sum,avg
• coutltlt"ENTER THREE NUMBERS"ltltendl
• cingtgtagtgtbgtgtc
• sum a b c
• avg sum/3
• coutltlt"SUM "ltltsumltlt"\n AVARAGE "ltltavgltltendl

18
Uint 1

• Check Your Programming skills
• Write a C program to find the difference
  between two
• Numbers?
• Write a C program to find the product of three
  numbers?
• Convert feet to inches given 1 feet 12 inches?

19
Unit 2

• Objectives To implement the concept of operators
  
• // PROGRAM-5 to find area of a circle.
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main( )
• float r,area
• const float pi3.147
• coutltlt"ENTER RADIUS OF CIRCLE"ltltendl
• cingtgtr
• area pirr
• coutltlt"AREA OF CIRCLE "ltltarealtltendl

20
Unit 2

• //Program -6 to display Pay slip of an employee
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main ()
• double GSal,NSal,ded,basic,da
• const double Housing1000.00, TA500.00
• coutltlt"Enter Basic Salary\n"
• cingtgtbasic
• coutltlt"Enter Deduction Amount\n"
• cingtgtded
• dabasic0.2
• GSalbasicdaHousingTA
• NSalGSal-ded

21
Unit 2

• ..
• coutltlt"\t\t\t\tBasic \t"ltltbasicltltendl
• coutltlt"\t\t\t\tDA \t"ltltdaltltendl
• coutltlt"\t\t\t\tHousing \t"ltltHousingltltendl
• coutltlt"\t\t\t\tTravelling \t"ltltTAltltendl
• coutltlt"\t\t\t\tGross salary \t"ltltGSalltltendl
• coutltlt"\t\t\t\tDeduction \t"ltltdedltltendl
• coutltlt"\t\t\t\tNet Salary \t"ltltNSalltltendlltltendllt
  ltendl

22
Unit 2

• Check Your Programming skills
• Write a C program to find the area of Square?
• Write a C program to find the volume of Square?
• Convert centigrade to Fahrenheit given
  F((C/5)9) 32?
• Write a C program to create an invoice of item?

23
Unit 3

• ObjectivesTo understand the concepts of
  conditional statements
• Or control structure.( if else )
• //Program -7 to find Number is MAX or MIN
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int a,b
• coutltlt"Enter two numbers\n"
• cingtgtagtgtb
• if(agtb)
• coutltltaltlt" is MAXIMUM "ltltbltlt" is MINIMUM\n"
• else
• coutltltbltlt" is MAXIMUM "ltltaltlt" is MINIMUM\n"

24
Unit 3

• //Program -8 to find number is ODD OR EVEN
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int num
• coutltlt"Enter a number\n"
• cingtgtnum
• if(num20)
• coutltltnumltlt" is an Even Number\n"
• else
• coutltltnumltlt" is an Odd Number\n"

25
Unit 3

• //Program -9 to find the Grade of students
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int mark
• char grade
• coutltlt"Enter mark"
• cin gtgt mark
• if(mark gt 90 mark lt 100 )
• grade'A'
• if(mark gt 80 mark lt 89 )
• grade'B'

26
Unit 3

• if(mark gt 70 mark lt 79 )
• grade'C'
• if(mark gt 60 mark lt 69 )
• grade'D'
• if(mark lt 60 )
• grade'F'
• coutltlt"Mark"ltlt"\t"ltlt"Grade"ltltendl
• coutltltmarkltlt"\t"ltltgradeltltendl
•  

27
Unit 3

• Check Your Programming Skills
• Write a C program to find the largest among
  three numbers by
• using if-else?
• Write a C program to find whether the given
  number is Prime
• number or not by using if-else?
• Write a C program to find whether the given
  number is
• divisible of 5 or not by using if-else?

28
Unit 4

• ObjectivesTo understand the concepts of
  conditional statements
• Or control structure.( Switch Case )
• //Program-10 to check the day of week by using
  SWITCH-CASE
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int x
• coutltlt"Enter number"ltltendl
• cingtgtx
• switch(x)
• case 1
• coutltlt"Saturday"ltltendl
• break

29
Unit 4

• case 2
• coutltlt"Sunday"ltltendl
• break
• case 3
• coutltlt"Monday"ltltendl
• break
• case 4
• coutltlt"Tuesday"ltltendl
• break
• case 5
• coutltlt"Wednesday"ltltendl
• break

30
Unit 4

• case 6
• coutltlt"Thursday"ltltendl
• break
• case 7
• coutltlt"Friday"ltltendl
• break
• default
• coutltlt"Error"ltltendl

31
Unit 4

• // Program- 11 Menu driven program ( , , - ,
  ) using
• switch case statement
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int n1, n2
• char op
• coutltlt"Enter first number" cin gtgt n1
• coutltlt"Enter second number" cin gtgt n2
• coutltlt"Enter operator(, /, -)" cin gtgt op
• switch (op)
• case 'coutltltn1ltltopltltn2ltlt""ltlt(n1n2)ltltendlbr
  eak

32
Unit 4

• ..
• case '/coutltltn1ltltopltltn2ltlt""ltlt(n1/n2)ltltendlbre
  ak
• case 'coutltltn1ltltopltltn2ltlt""ltlt(n1n2)ltltendlbre
  ak
• case '-coutltltn1ltltopltltn2ltlt""ltlt(n1-n2)ltltendlbre
  ak
• defaultcoutltlt"Invalid oprator"ltltendlbreak

33
Unit 4

• Check Your Programming Skills
• Write a C program to find month of years by
  using a
• switch case statement?
• Write a menu driven program to calculate
  different currency
• Conversions?

34
Unit 5

• ObjectivesTo understand the concepts of
  conditional statements
• Or control structure.( Loops FOR, WHILE, DO
  WHILE )
• // Program-12 to print natural numbers from 1 to
  30 using FOR loop
• include ltiostreamgt
• void main()
• int i
• for (i0ilt30i)
• coutltlt" "ltlt"i"
• coutltltiltltendl

35
Unit 5

• // Program-13 to print natural numbers from 1
  to 30 using
• WHILE loop
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int a1
• while(alt30)
• coutltltaltltendl
• a

36
Unit 5

• // Program-14 to print natural numbers from 1
  to 30 using
• DO WHILE loop
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int a1
• do
• coutltltaltltendl
• a
• while(alt30)

37
Unit 5

• //Program -15 to display first 10 Odd numbers
  using FOR loop
• include ltiostreamgt
• void main()
• int i
• for (i1ilt20ii2)
• coutltlt" i"ltltiltltendl

38
Unit 5

• //Program-17 to display first 10 Odd numbers
  using
• WHILE loop
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int a1
• while(alt20)
• coutltltaltltendl
• aa2

39
Unit 5

• //Program-18 to display first 10 Odd numbers
  using
• DO WHILE loop
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int a1
• do
• coutltltaltltendl
• aa2
• while(alt20)

40
Unit 5

• //Program-19 to find the Factorial of Number
  using do while loop
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int n,i1,fact1
• coutltlt" enter the number "
• cingtgtn
• if(ngt0)
• do
• factfacti
• i

41
Unit 5

• ..
• while(iltn)
• coutltlt"fact"ltltfactltlt"\n"

42
Unit 5

• Check Your Programming Skills
• Write a C program to display first 10 even
  numbers using
• For loop?
• Write a C program to display first 10 even
  numbers using
• WHILE loop?
• Write a C program to display first 10 even
  numbers using
• DO WHILE loop?
• Write a C program to find the Factorial of
  Number using
• For loop?
• Write a C program to print all prime numbers
  between two
• limits by using do while loop?

43
Unit 6

• ObjectivesTo understand the concepts of nested
  loops
• // Program-20 Program to display stars in a
  triangle shape
• include ltiostreamgt
• void main()
• int i,j,k,n,m
• coutltlt"Enter a number"
• cingtgtn
• mn
• for(i0iltni) //
• //
• for(j0jltij) //
• coutltlt" "

44
Unit 6

• ..
• for(k0kltmk)
• coutltlt" "
• coutltltendl
• m--

45
Unit 6

• Check Your Programming Skills
• Write a C program to display different types of
  triangles
• Write a C program to display following
  patterns?

46
Unit 7

• ObjectivesTo understand the concept of arrays
• // Program-21 program to store 5 numbers in an
  array then
• print them
• includeltiostream.hgt
• void main()
• int a5,i
• for(i0ilt5i)
• coutltlt"enter any Number "ltltendl
• cingtgtai

47
Unit 7

• ..
• coutltlt"The Elements are as below "ltltendl
• for(i0ilt5i)
• coutltltailtltendl

48
Unit 7

• // Program-23 program using arrays for checking
  Maximum
• number and Minimum number among elements
• include ltiostreamgt
• void main()
• int a8,i,max,min
• coutltlt"Enter 8 number"ltltendl
• for(i0ilt8i)
• cingtgtai
• maxmina0

49
Unit 7

• ..
• for(i0ilt8i)
• if (aigtmax)
• maxai
• if (ailtmin)
• minai
• coutltlt"Maximum number"ltltmaxltltendl
• coutltlt"Minimum number"ltltminltltendl

50
Unit 7

• Check Your Programming Skills
• Write a C program to store 5 numbers in an
  array then print
• them in reverse order?
• Write a C program to display following
  patterns?

51
Unit 8

• ObjectivesTo implement the concept of function.
• // Program-24 to Add two numbers using function
• include ltiostreamgt
• int add(int x, int y)
• void main()
• int a, b
• coutltlt" Enter value of a "
• cingtgta
• coutltlt" Enter value of b "
• cingtgtb
• add(a,b)

52
Unit 8

• ..
• int add(int x, int y)
• int res
• res xy
• coutltlt" Sum "ltltresltltendl
• return res

53
Unit 8

• // Program-25 to find the factorial of a number
  by using function
• includeltiostream.hgt
• int fact(int)
• void main()
• int x,f
• coutltlt"enter the number"
• cingtgtx
• ffact(x)
• coutltlt"The factorial"ltltf

54
Unit 8

• .
• int fact(int a)
• int i,f1
• for(i1iltai)
• ffi
• return f

55
Unit 8

• Check Your Programming Skills
• Write a C program to calculate difference of
  two numbers by
• using functions?
• Write a C program to calculate the
  Multiplication of two
• numbers by using functions?
• Write a C program to calculate the square of
  any integer by
• using functions?
• Write a C program to calculate the square root
  of any integer
• by using functions?