Database requirements to support MFI:

1
Study Period Meeting, Clearwater, FL, Jan. 05,
2007.
JTC1 SC32N1635
Database requirements to support MFI Next Stage
of The Metamodel Framework Standard for
Interoperability (ISO/EC19763) Hajime HORIUCHI
ISO/IEC JTC1 SC32WG2, Tokyo International
University hori_at_tiu.ac.jp
2
Topics

• 1. Current Status of MFI (ISO/IEC 19763) Series
  of Standards
• 2. Expectations to MFI
• 3. What are needed
• 4. Requirements for DB technology
• 5. Other Issues

3
Metamodel Framework for InteroperabilityISO/IEC
19763
Meta Modeling Facility (MOF)
Defining Facility (ISO11179 MDR)
ISO/IEC19763 Part-1 Reference Model Part-2
Core model Part-3 MM for Ontology Part-4 MM
for Model Mapping
Core model of
Meta Model Frameworks
Metamodel for Ontology
Common Identification Classification
Metamodel for Model Mapping
Metamodel for Model Constructs
metadata
Mapping Rules
Codes
Mapping Targets
Value Domains
Sharable model
MOF and ODM (OMG)
Patterns
Common Modeling Facility (UML)
Model Mapping
Common Model Constructs
4
Metamodel Framework Architecture
M3
MOF Model
inherit
Core Model
inherit
MFI
M2
Metamodel
Metamodels
describe
Common Data
M1
Domain Models
Modeling
Element
Facility
Object Patterns
use
refer
Modeling Constructs
M0
Values
Real World
Concept
5
MFI structure
Registration Procedure
ltltextensiongtgt Ontology Evolution
Specific metamodel for the mapping, defined on
the core model
Model Mapping (Part-4)
Ontology Registration (Part-3)
Model constructs Registration
Specific metamodels defined on the core model
Core model (Par-2)
Provides model registration mechanism as metamodel
Reference Model (Part-1)
Defines over all concept of MFI
6
Latest Status of MFI Standards

• ISO/IEC19763 Information technology Metamodel
  framework for interoperability
• Part 1Reference model
• Part-3 Metamodel for ontology registration
• ? IS published on February 1st, 2007
• Part-2 Core model
• ?2ndFCD, ?FDIS expected by July 2007
• Part-4 Metamodel for model mapping
• ?2nCD, ? FCD expected by July 2007

7
MOF Model (M3 layer)
8
ISO/IEC 19763-2 Core Model (Overview)
9
EX Registration of Model Concept
Concept
Upper Model
Model Type
Model Domain Profile
Classifier
A Model
Attachment
XMI schema
Target of registration
Model Specification Document
10
Relationships are not in one type
Y
Z
W
Type - Instance
Syntax - Expression
Super - Sub
X
V
Base -Variant
11
How to represent relationships
ISO/IEC 19763-2 Framework for Metamodel
Framework for Interoperability Core Model
Upper Model

• Type and Instance
• Super and Sub
• Base and Variant
• Abstract Syntax and Expression

Target Model
12
MOF and MFI Core
M3 Layer
M2 Layer
Target Models
13
Common facility of MDR(ISO/IEC11179)
ISO/IEC19763-3 Metamodel for ontology
registration
MOF
MFI-2
MFI Core model
MDR standards
ODM
MFI-3
Metamodel for Ontology Registration
Metamodel for MDR(ISO/IEC11179)
Metamodel for
Metamodel for DL
Metamodel for OWL
registration
Administration Record
Describe
Data Elements Terminology Basic Classes Basic
Relationship
Any Ontology
Ontology by ODM
14
Key Objectives of MFI-3
Admi. Info
Upper Ontology or Existing Ontology
Reference Ontology
Registry
Admi. Info
Local Ontology
Concept)
Concept)
Concept)
Concept)
Concept)
Concept)
Concept)
15
MFI Ontology Registration structure
16
ODM(Ontology Descriptive Metamodel)

• MOF compliant Ontology Description Metamodel
• Metamodels for OWL(Web Ontology
  Language),DL(Description Language),
• CL(Common Logic), etc.

RDF Schema
M3
Meta-meta model (MOF)
M2
Mapping
ODM
Ontology UML profile
Other UML profile
OWL
OWL
M1
Models
17
Expectations to MFI
18
Role of MFI
NRR
NRR National Repository Registry
International
Industry specific Models
Industry specific Models
Inter-Company
Company A
Company B
Model
Web system
Intra-Company
?????? ???
????????????
System Dev. Tools
Application System
19
LCDM Project in Construction Industryof Japan
Road
Road
Disaster
River
Disaster
River
Weather
Traffic
Weather
Traffic
Standard
Where is my home
LCDM Platform
Address? Place? Point? Location?
Data Integration
Citizen
20
Industrial Expectation
System Integrator
Management
MFI Registry
ERP Vender
Planer
Real World
Business process
Requirement
ASP Venders
Programmer
Model
DBMS Venders
Program
System Function
Web Service Venders
Project Management
21
Registry Federation
Automobile
Transport
Trading
Construction
??CC/BIE
???CC/BIE
Iron Steel
??CC/BIE
??CC/BIE
??CC/BIE
??CC/BIE
Hong-Kong CC/BIE
KIEC CC/BIE
ECOM CC/BIE
UN/CEFACT TBG ICG/ATG
ISO/IEC SC32 eAC Ad-Hoc Project
ebXML Asia Registry
22
Common Platform for EC (ECOM Japan)
ASP
Software Vender
Collaboration
Interoperation

Common Registry As Platform
???? ??
COXEC ??
System Collaboration
Transmission Protocol
XXX ??
YYY ??
Business Information
Operation
Representation
ECALGA ??
????? ??
UN/CEFACT??
Korea St
Taiwan ST
China ST
23
MFI-New Parts under the Study

• http//www.tiu.ac.jp/org/forum-01/index.files/Page
  694.html

24
Works in the Study

• A Metamodel for Ontology evolution and
  maintenance are under discussions as a part of
  MFI-3 (2nd Edition of MFI-3)
• A metamodel for the process registration (process
  ontology) is also discussed in the SC32WG2.
• OWL-S or PSL(ISO) are being investigated.

25
Ontology Evolution(Candidate of 2ndED 19763
Part-3)

• Keqing He and Yangfang He,
• Wuhan Univ. China

26
Basic resolution provided by MFI-3
ontology
27
Key Problems

• How to registrate ontologies?
• What kind of change can be identified and
  described by MFI-3?
• How to realign the dependent ontologies during
  the evolution process?
• How to keep the evolution information about
  ontologies

28
Our Solution (1/2)

• How to registrate ontologies?
• What kind of change can be identified and
  described by MFI-3?
• How to realign the dependent ontologies during
  the evolution process?
• How to keep the evolution information about
  ontologies

Kernel Model
Change Model
Constraint Model
Change Propagation Model
Evolution Information Model
29
Our solution (2/2)
30
Differences from DB Schema evolution
Ontology Evolution Not same as the schema
evolution , Natalya F.Noy, Michel Klein

• Ontologies are data too
• Ontology themselves incorporate semantics
• Class and instances can be the same
• Etc.

31
Comment at the Wuhan meeting

• WD (Working Draft ) should be prepared by the NY
  meeting, July 2007.

32
Process Registration(Candidate of a new part of
19763)

• Keqing He and Wang Chong,
• Wuhan Univ., China

33
process process model

• Process is defined as
• a set of work items, scheduled according to
  constraints, which all participate in fulfilling
  at a common purpose. Breton and Bezivin 2001
• transformation of input to output. ISO 1995
• one or more activities that occurs over a period
  of time in which objects participate. ISO 18629
• Process model can be regarded as the product of
  process modeling.

34
Taxonomy of Processes

• Domain specific processes
• -In house Business process (Accounting, AR/AP)
• -Between Enterprises (Collaboration)
• -Industrial specific Healthcare, Manufacturing,
  
• Software Process
• Dynamic aspect ? A part of an ontology
• Ontology migration process
• Registration process

35
Type of Process Model
PSL,
Upper Ontology or Abstract Syntx
Modeling Patters
BPMN
MIT HB
Collaboration
Notation
Model Contents
UN/CEFACT BCF
Metamodel
Methodology
UML IDEF 3 EXpress
CPFR, ARTS
UMM
36
Comparative Analysis
MIT HB PSL OWL-S SPEM BPMN UMM IDEF35 HL7 CPFR
Upper Ontology X X X X X
Pattern X X X
Metamodel X X X X
Notation OWL X X X
Profile X X X
Method X X X X
Collaboration of Process X X X X
Contents X X X X
Registration X
37
Related work

• PSL (ISO 18629)
• a language enabling interoperability of process
  information among industrial applications.
• IDEF-3
• captures process details.
• BPMN
• defines modeling notation for modeling business
  process.
• BPEL4WS
• provides a means of specifying the interaction of
  cooperating services.
• OWL-s
• define an ontology to describe the interface a
  service provides to the outside world.
• only for Web Services

38
Process Ontology
t1
t2
Ontology (t1)
Ontology(t2)
Process X
Ontology(t2) processX (Ontologyt(t1))
39
Why we need MFI-5

• Web service
• one of the important resources on the semantic
  web.
• characterized with dynamic features.
• Business process
• interoperation and cooperation within/across the
  enterprises
• MFI family focuses on the static resources on the
  web
• MFI Core provides a very generic framework for
  various models.
• MFI4Onto aims to the structure and semantics of
  ontology
• A new part is needed to meet the requirements of
  dynamic resources (web services, business process
  etc.) on the semantic web
• process model registration
• process model integration with semantics
• construction of customized services/process model

40
Scope of MFI-5 (1/2)

• Objective
• Provide a metamodel to register process models,
  including business process model and web service.
  
• Focus on the relationship between process model
  described with different process description
  languages, especially the composite process
  consists of subprocesses expressed in different
  languages.
• Promote semantic interoperation between various
  process models on the semantic web.

MFI-5
PSL
IDEF-3

41
Scope of MFI-5 (2/2)

• What to do
• Structural information of process model
• Which subprocesses are contained in process model
• Which artifact participate in fulfilling the
  common purpose
• Semantic constraints of process model
• Semantic relation/contradiction between artifacts
• Order
• Mandatory sequence
• Precondition and postcondition
• User-defined constraints
• What not to do
• Language specific details
• Implementation level details

42
MFI Core MFI-5
From MFI Core
43
Basic idea of MFI-5(1/2)

• Base Model is proposed to register structure
  information of various process models
• Goal the purpose that should be archived by
  fulfilling the process model
• Role the actor who interact with the process
• Artifact the resources that participate in the
  process
• Order specifies the sequence of a composite
  process

44
Base Model
45
Basic idea of MFI-5(2/2)

• Process Control Model is defined to record three
  kinds of control constraints in process models
• Sequence control
• Specify the sequence followed by the subprocesses
• Object control
• Restrict the semantic relations between artifacts
  and avoid possible semantic inconsistency
• Support semantic interoperation between process
  models based on ontology
• User-defined control

46
Process Control Model
47
OWL-S --Top level of the Process Ontology--
48
Comments at the meeting

• More research and investigation should be needed.
• Is it premature to make it ISO standard?
• Collaborative work with other group should be
  initiated.

49
Requirements for DB Technologies
50
What are needed in the Future
51
Level of Interoperation
David Carney, Patricia Oberndorf Software
Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon
University Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15213 djc,
po_at_sei.cmu.edu
52
Another View of the Interoperation
Semantic base Interoperation
Service base Interoperation
SOAP, UDDI, BPMN,
RDF, OWL, SPARQl,
Model base Interoperation
UML, MOF, XML, XQUERY
Object base Interoperation
SQL, MDR, IRDS
Data base Interoperation
53
Integration

• Data and Objects
• Text and Semantics
• Information and Process
• Model and Ontology
• Reference and Local Ontologies
• SNAP and SPAN Ontology

54
Nature of the modeling

• Some customers want to deliver their order by
  the means they specify

UOD
To be modeled
UML
Common sense ?
Software
55
Multi-meaning
56
Limitation of modeling
????
Modeling view
????
????
57
Integration of Models Metadata and Ontologies,
Metamodel
Ontology
Terminology
Reality
Model
Information Systems Web system
Metadata
Information Instance
58
Integration of Modeling and Ontology
Ontology
Model
person
Employee
Terminology
59
OMG OUP

• OUP Ontology UML Profile
• Ontology development by UML models

UML Models
OWL based Ontology
OUP
60
Interoperable Models
Metamodels
Common Modeling Views
Common Modeling Language (UML)
Model
Common Patterns
Modeling Constructs
Common Metadata
Common Classification
Common Ontology
Common Profiles
61
Integration of Data and Objects

• OR Mapping
• Data Oriented Object Modeling
• ORL

62
http//www.agiledata.org/stylesheet/global.css
63
Other issues
64
Reliable Common Registries

• Registration of ISO and major standards
• The ISO Common Database Procedure
• (Ontology for ISO standards?)
• Long Term transaction (530 years)
• Tracking registry change
• Reliable non profit organization for registry
  operation

65
Traceability Long Term Transaction
Consumer
Inspection Certification
Lifecycle
Products
Business
Model Specification
Business
Business
66
OMG related Issues for SC32

• Current ISO version (ISO/IEC19502) of MOF is
  MOF1.4
• OMG had standardized MOF2.0, UML2.0
• MOF2.0 (QVT) should be invited to ISO
• Some other MOF based metamodel should be invited.
• ODM
• SPEM
• CWM
• Etc.

67
Terminology(TC37) related Issues

• Semantics and metadata are rely upon the
  terminology definition
• SC32WG2 has shared issues with TC37

68
A trial on stock taking standardization
Activities for Semantic Interoperations (FYI)

• ISO/IEC 15944-4 (Open-edi, JTC1 /SC32WG1)
• ISO15000 (ebXML-CC, ISO/TC154)

• ECCMA(TC184)
• TC64(Banking)
• TC215(Health Care)
• TC127 (Earth Moving Machine)
• JTC1 SC36 (Learning Metadata)

Domain specific terminology, classification
Ontology

• ISO/IEC20744 ( Common Logic, JTC1/SC32WG1 )

Domain Free terminology, classification Ontology
Descriptive method
OWL/RDF (W3C)
JTC1/SC34, Topic Map

• TC37 (Terminology)
• TC46 (Dublin Core)

Registration

• ISO/IEC19763 (MMF JTC1 SC32WG2)
• ISO/IEC 15944 ( Open-edi, JTC1 SC32WG1)
• REACH (EU, Chemical Industry all related)

69
Another Issue for MetadataCultivating
XMDR MMF
Domain Ontology
Semantic elements
Terminology
Extraction
Defining Ontology
?????
ISO TC37
?????
Ontology Metamodel
Metadata Registry
Existing Registry
70
Metadata Standardization Activities
71
Type of Metadata Standards

• ebXML Core Component,
• Dublin Core,
• RSS
• Digital Library
• Image Processing
• Geographical Map
• Broad Casting Program
• Health Care
• elearning
• etc

Metadata Value

• ebXML RIM
• ISO/IEC19763(MMF)

Metadata Instances


Registry
Representation
Administrative Attributes, Storing Structure
Representation Language

• MOF(ISO19502)?
• RDF?
• OWL?
• Topic Map

• ISO/IEC10728(IRDS)
• ISO/IEC11179(MDR)
• ebXML Repository Service

XMDR
72
Subject Areas of Standardization
Service Interface
Describing
Metamodel
IRDS, XQuery
RDF, OWL
IRDS, ebXML RS
MOF, 11179, ebXML RIM
Query
Concept
Meta Information
Interchange
Registration
Contents
Attributes
Format
Registration Aspects
ebXML CC, Dublin Core
IRDS, 11179, ebXML RIM
CDIF, XMI, PDES,
Common elements
MMF
Values
ISO Codes
73
History of Metadata
Metamodel for Semantic Interoperation
2010
2000
Metadata for Semantics Sharing
Registry
1990
Metadata for Information Sharing
Repository
1980
Metadata for Software Developments
1980
Metadata for DBMS
DD/DS
1970
Metadata for file items
Data Dictionary
74
Thank you??