Section 2 The Cranial Nerves(???)

1
Section 2 The Cranial Nerves(???)

• I. Olfactory n. (???)
• II. Optic n. (???)
• III. Oculomotor n.
• (????)
• IV. Trochlear n. (????)
• V. Trigeminal n. (????)
• VI. Abducent n. (???)
• VII. Facial n. (???)

2
The Cranial Nerves

• VIII. Vestibulocochlear n.
• (?????) (????)
• IX. Glossopharyngeal n.
• (????)
• X. Vagus n. (????)
• XI. Accessory n. (???)
• XII. Hypoglossal n. (????)

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vegetablesAH!
3
Introduction

• A. Classification of the Cranial Nerves
• 1. Sensory nerves (????)
• I, II, VIII.
• 2. Motor nerves (????)
• III, IV, VI, XI, XII.
• 3. Mixed nerves (????)
• V, VII, IX, X.

4
Introduction

• B. Components of the Cranial Nerves
• 1. Sensory (afferent) fibers
• ??(??) ??
• ? 1) general somatic sensory fiber (GSA)
  (????????)
• skin nerve endings (??????) muscle spindles
  (??)

5
Introduction

• ? 2) special somatic sensory fiber (SSA)
  (????????) visual (?), hearing (?),
• balance organs (??)

6
Introduction

• ? 3) general visceral sensory fiber (GVA)
  (????????)
• all viscera (????)
• ? 4) special visceral sensory fiber (SVA)
  (????????)
• olfactory (??) and taste (??)

7
Introduction

• 2. Motor (efferent) fibers
• ?? (??)??
• ? 1) general somatic motor fiber (GSE)
  (????????)
• muscles of the eye and tongue (??????)

8
Introduction

• ? 2) general visceral motor fiber (GVE)
  (????????)
• ? smooth mm. (???), cardiac mm. (??), glands
  (??)

9
Introduction

• ? 3) special visceral motor fiber (SVE) (??????)
  
• ?skeletal muscles derive from branchial arch
  (????????)
• I ?? ? ???
• II ?? ? ??
• III-VII ?? ? ???,
• ?????,???

10
I. The Olfactory Nerve (???)SVA
olfactory cells (???) within the olfactory
epithelium of nasal cavity (????????)
olfactory bulb (??)
olfactory filaments (I) (??)
cribriform foramina
anosmia ???? hyposmia ????
11
? II. The Optic Nerve (???) SSA
rod cells (????) cone cells (????)
optic chiasma (???)
ganglionic cells (???)
bipolar cells (????)
II
optic canal (????)
total blindness ??
photoreceptor cells (????)
12
? ?. The Oculomotor Nerve (????) GSE, GVE
superior rectus levator palpebrae
superioris (???,????)
midbrain (??) ???
III superior branch(??)
III inferior branch(??)
inferior rectus medial rectus inferior
oblique (???,???,???)
superior orbital fissure (???)
sphincter pupil, ciliary m. (?????,???)
strabismus ??
??????, ???? , ??????, ??
13
? ?. The Oculomotor Nerve (????) GSE, GVE
14
? ?. The Trochlear Nerve (????) GSE
midbrain (??) ??

sup. orbital fissure(???)
superior oblique (???)
IV
15
? ?. The Trigeminal Nerve (????) GSA, SVE
lacrim. n(??)
lacrimal gland(??)
frontal (?) n
????
??
V ganglion (??? ??)
?????
ophthalmic n (???)
nasociliary(??) n
??,?,??,??
pons (??)
infraorbital(??) n
?????
V
maxillary n (????)
Zygomatic n.(???)
????
sup. alveolar(???) n
??,??
mandibular nerve (??n)
auriculotemporal n
????
buccal (?) n
????,??
VII
lingual (?) n
?? 2/3 ????
Taste.??2/3??
trigeminal neuralgia ????? trigeminal nerve
block ??????
???
inf. alveolar n
mental ?n
????
lower teeth??,??
?????N
mastic.mm.???
masticat. brs(????)
16
? ?. The Trigeminal Nerve (????) GSA,
SVE
17
? ?. The Trigeminal Nerve (????) GSA,
SVE
18
? ?. The Trigeminal Nerve (????) GSA,
SVE
V1
V2
V3
19
? ?. The Abducent Nerve (???) GSE
sup. orbital fissure(???)
pons (??)
lateral rectus (???)
VI
strabismus ?? diplopia (double vision) ??
20
Summary of CN I - VI
CN I. The Olfactory Nerve (SVA) olfactory
bulb ? I ?olfactory filaments (I) ? olfactory
cells CN II. The Optic Nerve (SSA) optic
chiasma ? II ? ganglionic cells ? bipolar cells ?
rod cone cells CN III. The Oculomotor Nerve
(GSE,GVE) ? superior br. ? superior rectus,
levator palpebrae superioris ? inferior br. ?
inf. rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique CN
IV. The Trochlear Nerve (GSE) midbrain ? IV ?
superior oblique CN V. The Trigeminal Nerve
(GSA,GVA,SVE) ?ganglion 1. ? ophthalmic
n. (V1) ? lacrimal n. ? lacrimal
gland ? frontal n. ? supraorbital n.
? frontal skin
? supratrochlear n. ? frontal skin ?
nasociliary n. ? nose, eyeball, ethmoidal
sinus
21
Summary of CN I - VI
2. ? maxillary n. (V2) ?
infraorbital n. ? skin between eye and mouth
? zygomatic n. ? zygomatic skin
? pterygopalatine n. ? nasal cavity, palatine
tonsil ? superior alveolar n. ?
superior teeth 3 ? mandibular n. (V3)
? auriculotemporal n. ? temporal skin
? buccal n. ? buccal skin and mucosa
? lingual n. ? anterior 2/3 part of
tongue ? inferior alveolar n. ?
mental n.? mental skin
? inferior teeth, gingiva
?
submandibular ganglion
? mylohyoid and digastric
mm. ? masticatory branches ?
masticatory mm. CN VI. The Abducent Nerve (GSE)
pons ? VI ? lateral rectus
22
? VII. The Facial Nerve (???)SVE, SVA, GSA, GVE
internal acoustic pore
V1 lacrimal n
pons (??) ???
geniculate ganglion (????)
lacrimal gland nasal glands palatine
glands (?,??,??)
pterygo- palatine ganglion
greater petrosal n (????)
?,??N
VII
VII
stapedius (???)
stapedial n (?????)
taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue (????)
facial paralysis ???? facial spasm ???
lingual n(???)
tympanic chord(??)
temporal branches (??)
submandibular gland, sublingual gland (????,???)
zygomatic branches (??)
stylomastoid foramen
buccal branches (??)
marginal mandibul. br(???)
facial mm. (??)
cervical branch (??)
23
? VII. The Facial Nerve (???) SVE,
SVA, GSA, GVE
24
? VII. The Facial Nerve (???) SVE,
SVA, GSA, GVE
25
? ?. The Vestibulocochlear Nerve (?????) SSA
maculae of saccule(???) maculae of
utricle(??) ampullary crest(???)
brain stem (??) ?????
vestibular ganglion (?????)
vestibular n. (????)
???
cochlear n. (???)
spiral ganglion (?????)
??
spiral organs (???)
Int.acous. meatus pore (???,???)

• nervous deafness
• ?????

26
? ?. The Vestibulocochlear Nerve (?????)
SSA
27
? ?. The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (????)
medulla oblongata (??)

• SVE, GVE, SVA, GVA,GSA

IX
sup. ganglion
jugular foramen
otic gang
parotid gland(??)
inf. ganglion
tympanic n(??)
carotid sinus branch
carotid sinus glomus
post. 1/3 of tongue (taste
other sensory)
lingual br (??)
pharynx
pharyngeal mm.
pharyngeal branch(??)
stylopharyngeal br (?????)
stylopharyn.(????)
palatine tonsil(????)
tonsillar br.(????)
post.auricular br(???)
post. auricul. skin(????)
28
? ?. The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (????) SVE, GVE,
SVA, GVA,GSA
29
? ?. The Vagus Nerve (????) SVE, GVE, GVA,GSA
jugular foramen
medulla oblongata
X L R
sup. ganglion
cricothyroideus(???)
????,???
ext.br.(??)
sup.laryng.n(??N)
int.br.(??)
laryn.mucosa(???)
inf. ganglion
phary.br.(??)
phary.mm(??)
mucosa(??)
C
sup.cerv.card.br.(????)
cardiac plexus (??)
heart mm (??)
sense
inf.cerv.card.br.(????)
trac. br(???)
???,?
mucosa(??)
rec.laryng. n.(??N)
esoph.br(???)
???,?
mucosa(??)
inf.laryng.n(??N)
laryng.mm??
mucosa(??)
T
bronc.br.(????)
pulmonary plx
????,?
mucosa(??)
esophag.br.(???)
esoph. plx
???,?
mucosa(??)
hepat.br.(??)
hepat. plx
??,?
sens
ant.vagal tr.(??)
ant.gast.br(???)
gast. plx
sens
??,?
A
post.vagal tr.(??)
post.gast.br(???)
gast. plx
sens
??,?
celiac br.(???)
celiac plx
sens
??,?
30
? ?. The Vagus Nerve (????) SVE, GVE, GVA,GSA
31
? XI. The Accessory Nerve (???) SVE
medulla oblongata (??)
pharyngeal mm. laryngeal mm(???)
X
cranial root (??)
spinal cord (??)
spinal root(??)XI
sterno-cleido-mastoideus (?????) trapezius(???)

jugular foramen
32
? XII. The Hypoglossal Nerve(????) GSE
medulla oblongata (??)
paralysis of tongue mm. ???? (????????)
XII
hypo- glossal canal ?? ???
mm of tongue (??)
lingual branches(??)
descending br(??)
ansa cervicalis (??)
infrahyoid mm (?????)
cervical plexus (??)
33
Summary of CN VII - XII
CN VII. The Facial Nerve (SVE,GVE,SVA,GSA)
pons ?VII ? geniculate ganglion deep
petrosal n. ? ?
greater petrosal n. ? n. of pterygoid canal ?

pterygopalatine ganglion ? lacrimal
gland 1. ? stapedial nerve ? stapedius 2. ?
tympanic chord ? lingual n. ? taste of anterior
2/3 of tongue
? ganglion
?submandibular sublingual gland 3. ? temporal
branches ? frontal muscle, orbicularis oculi
4. ? zygomatic branches ? zygomaticus,
orbicularis oculi 5. ? buccal branches ?
buccinator, muscles around the mouth 6. ?
marginal mandibular branch ? muscles of lower
lip 7. ? cervical branch ? platysma 8. ?
posterior auricular n. ? auricular muscles and
occipitalis CN VIII. The Vestibulocochlear Nerve
(SSA) 1. ? vestibular n. ? vestibular ganglion
? maculae of saccule utricle, ampullary crest
2. ? cochlear n. ? cochlear ganglion ? spiral
organs
34
Summary of CN VII - XII
CN IX. The Glossopharyngeal Nerve )
(SVE,GVE,SVA,GVA,GSA) superior ganglion
parotid gland
?otic ganglion

? inferior ganglion ?
tympanic n. ? tympanic plexus ? lessor petrosal n
1. ? carotid sinus branch ? carotid sinus
carotid glomus 2. ? lingual branches ?
posterior 1/3 of tongue (taste and other
sensory) 3. ? pharyngeal branch ?
pharyngeal mucous ?
4. ? stylopharyngeal branch ? stylopharyngeus
5. ? tonsillar branch ? palatine tonsil
6. ? posterior auricular branch ? posterior
auricular skin CN XI. The Accessory Nerve
(SVE) medulla oblongata ? XI ?
sternocleidomastoideus trapezius CN XII. The
Hypoglossal Nerve (GSE) medulla oblongata ?
XII 1. ? lingual branches ? muscles of
tongue 2. ?descending branch ? ansa
cervicalis ? infrahyoid muscles
35
Summary of CN VII - XII
CN X. The Vagus Nerve (GVE,SVE,GVA,GSA) superior
ganglion inferior ganglion ? 1.
superior laryngeal n ? external br. ?
cricothyroideus
?
internal br. ? laryngeal mucosa 2. ? pharyngeal
br. ? pharyngeal muscles mucosa 3. ? superior
cervical cardiac branch ? cardiac plexus ? heart
4. ? inferior cervical cardiac branch ? cardiac
plexus ? heart 5. ? recurrent laryngeal n. ?
tracheal esophageal brs. ? esophageal plexus
? inferior laryngeal n. ? laryngeal
muscles mucosa ? 6. ?
bronchial branch ? pulmonary plexus ? lung
esophagus 7. ? esophageal
branch ? esophageal plexus ? esophagus 8.? L.
ant. vagal trunk ? anterior gastric brs. ?
gastric muscles mucosa ? hepatic
branch ? liver 9.? R. post. vagal trunk ?
celiac brs. ? celiac plexus ? abdominal organs
? posterior gastric branches ? gastric
muscles mucosa