Why was Israel established?

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Why was Israel established?

• Four main reasons

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Fall of the Ottoman Empire

• Britain and France came in and divided up the
  territory.
• This caused problems because no longer were the
  groups (Christians, Jews, Muslims) allowed to
  govern themselves. They were NOW required to be
  governed by a European country that understood
  very little about them.

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Division by British French
Blue Zone Direct/Indirect French rule Red Zone
Direct/Indirect British rule Purple Both
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Zionism

• A movement that encouraged the Jews to return to
  their homeland in Israel.
• Balfour Declaration, 1917 which stated that the
  British government viewed favorably "the
  establishment in Palestine of a national home for
  the Jewish people" but "that nothing shall be
  done which may prejudice the civil and religious
  rights of existing non-Jewish communities in
  Palestine".

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(No Transcript)
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Religious connection to the land

• Jews believe that God promised this land to them
  in the Covenant with God
• However, Arabs believe that this land is theirs
  as well, due to the connection of Ishmael and
  Abraham
• Jews left, Arabs have been living on the land
  continuously

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Anti-Semitism

• Prejudice or hostility against Jews, hatred of
  Jews, blaming Jews for events not in their
  control
• Persecution through time by other groups

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Holocaust

• Hitler Nazi party systemically gathered the
  Jews and killed them genocide
• WWII ended and the discoveries were made about
  the atrocities committed against the Jews
• Created tremendous world sympathy for the Jews
• Jews were immigrating to Palestine in record
  numbers

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1948, Establishment of Israel
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Arab-Israeli Conflict

• Series of wars between Arabs living in
  Israel(Palestine) and the newly created country
  of Israel.
• Suez War, 1956
• Six-Day War, 1967
• Yom Kippur War, 1973
• Egypt first Arab country to sign a peace treaty
  with Israel

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Peace Talks, Oslo Accords 1993
Yitzhak Rabin, Bill Clinton, and Yasser Arafat
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Conflict continues . . .

• Hamas Hezbollah created to reclaim the land
  from Israel
• The Israeli withdrawal from Gaza was interpreted
  by the Palestinians as a Hamas victory and the
  January Palestinian legislative election, 2006
  was won by Hamas, which rejected all agreements
  signed with Israel, refused to recognize Israel's
  right to exist, and claimed the Holocaust was a
  Jewish conspiracy.

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Guiding Questions

• Read pages 449-450 Who controlled Southwest
  Asia after WWI? What is a mandate?
• Read pages 450-451 Why did the Jews want to
  live in Palestine? Why were the Arab-Israeli
  Wars fought?
• Read pages 451-452 What are some of the
  differences among people who live in Southwest
  Asia? What is a fundamentalist government?
• Read pages 452-453 Why did the Iran-Iraq war
  take place? Why was Kuwait the target of
  invasion by Iraq?