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Title: ?.?.???????


1
????????????????? ???????????? ????-???????
???????????? ??? ??????? ????????


?.?.??????? ??? ???
?????????? ??????, ??? ???, 11.05.06
2
1.???????????? ????????. ?????? ????? ??
?????????????? ??????? ??????. 2.???????????
???????????? ????-??????? ???????????? ???
??????? ????????. 3. ? ??????? ???????????
?????? 4.????? ????? ???????
????????? ?????????? ????? ? CERN, BNL,
GSI 5.??????????? ?? 10 15 ???. ?????????
ALICE, CBM



?????????? ??????, ??? ???, 11.05.06
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??????? ?.?
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Mapping the QCD phase diagram with heavy-ion
collisions
Lattice QCD calculations Fedor Katz, Ejiri et
al.
SIS300

net baryon density ?B ? 4 ( mT/2?h2c2)3/2 x
exp((?B-m)/T) - exp((-?B-m)/T) baryons
- antibaryons
9
QCD equation of state
New generation of calculations with realistic
quark masses and for Nt6. New result (Katz) Tc
191?8 MeV
Can we put a data point on this diagram?
10
???????????



1. ???????????? ? ????????????? ????? ??????
2. ?????? ?????? ( ?????????? ) ???????? ?????
??? ??????? ?????????? ?????????. 3.
???????? ???????? ???????? ??????. 4. ????????
?????????????. ?????????? ????????
????????. 5. ?????? ??????
11
Direct photons in PHENIX
Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 232301 (2005)
  • No significant excess at low pT
  • Expect some improvement in run4 systematic errors.

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Strangeness Enhancements
160A GeV/c
Factor ? 20 for ?
14
????????????????? ?????????
J/? ????????????? ?? ?? ??????? ??
??????? ???? Dimuon spectrometer
Centrality detectors EM calorimeter (1.1lt
?lablt2.3)
2.92 lt ylablt 3.92

ZDC calorimeter (?labgt 6.3)
?cos ?CS ? lt 0.5

Multiplicity detector (1.9lt?lablt4.2) Pb-Pb 158
GeV/c
p A 400 GeV/c 2000 year Data period
Subtargets Number of J/? Target
Number of J/? 1995 7
50000
Be 38000
1996 7
190000 Al
48000 1998
1 49000
Cu 45000
2000 1 in vacuum 129000
Ag
41000

W 49000

Pb
69000

15
??????????? ??????? ???????????? ????
??? pT ???????? J/? -?????????????? ??????? ?
??????? ???? (2.9-3.3) ???/c2 (2000 ???) ?????
????????? ???? ? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????
? ???????? ?????????? ????? 3, ? ???????? ???
????? DY ??????? ????????? ????????????? J/?
?? ??????????? ???????, ??????????? ?????????????
?? pT ??????? ? ????????.
16
J/? suppression, standard analysis
  • 3 centrality bins, defined through EZDC
  • J/? nuclear absorption ? ?J/?abs 4.18 ? 0.35
    mb (from NA50 _at_ 450 GeV)
  • 8 uncertainty on the rescaling to 158 GeV

Anomalous J/? suppression is present in In-In
collisions
A finer centrality binning is needed to sharpen
the picture
17
Comparison with previous results
Qualitative agreement with NA50 as a function of
Npart ? new set of Pb-Pb results needed, with
reduced error bars
18
NA60 J/? comparison to models
None of the models (tuned to reproduce the NA50
data and with specific predictions for In-In)
properly describes the observed suppression
pattern.
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RAA vs Npart PHENIX and NA50
  • NA50 data normalized to NA50 pp point.
  • Suppression level is similar in the two
    experiments, although the collision energy is 10
    times higher (200GeV in PHENIX wrt 17GeV in
    NA50)

21
Comparison to theory (II)
Models that were successful in describing SPS
data fail to describe data at RHIC - too much
suppression -
22
????????????? J/? ?? ??????????? ???????
ltpT2gt ? ??????????? ?? ??????????
???????
Pb-Pb 2000
??? Pb-Pb ???????????? ltpT2gt ??????? ??????, ?
????? ? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ?????????

23

Teff ? ??????????? ?? ????????? ???????





T(?0) ( 182)?2 ??? Tslope ( 20.16 ? 1.04) ?
10-3 ??3 Tslope(cent Pb-Pb)(8.87 ? 2.07)
10-3 ??3 R(slopes)2.27 /- 0.54
T(?0) ( 182)?2 MeV Tslope ( 20.16 ? 1.04) ?
10-3 ??3 Tslope(cent Pb-Pb)(4.42 ? 5..06)
10-3 ??3 R(slopes)4.56 /- 5.22

??? ???????? SPS ??? ???? ?????? TJ/?? ???????
?????? ? ?????? ????????? ???????. ??? ????????
??????????? Pb-Pb ???????????? ????? ?????
??????? ???????????.
24

Ri (J/?i(pT)/DYigt4.2)/(J/?1(pT)/DY1gt4.2)
Pb-Pb 2000
5 Et ?????
????????? ? ???????? ??????????????? E 1 ????.
?????????? ?? ????????? ? ????????
??????????????? ????????? ????????? ??? ??????
pT , ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ??????????????. ???
??????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ???
???? pT .
25
??????????? ?? pT ??? p-A, S-U ? Pb-Pb
p-A
S-U
Pb-Pb 2000
?????? ???????- ???????? ??? pTgt2 ???/c
Et ????, ??? 5 - 40 40 - 80 80 125
26
HADES - High Acceptance DiElectron Spectrometer
  • Beams
  • p (LH2) , C, Ar -production runs
  • ?- with I0.8106/spill and 41010 N2/spil (lt5
    than needed for physics run of S262)
  • Beam detectors
  • Diamond detectors (START VETO) for HI
  • Scintillating fibers for p,d,? beams
  • Forward Hodoscope (0-80) - INR
  • RICH
  • Full azimuth coverage,
  • Detector figure of merit N079
  • Carbon mirrors (2 need to be installed)-0.5X0
  • Image Processing
  • Tracking system
  • 3 MDC layers complete, 4 MDCIV
  • remaining 2 ready at end 2005.
  • Internal resolution ? 100 ?m ? anticipated mass
    mass resolution ?Mee/M?1.5 at ?/? region-
  • META
  • TOF, TOFINO -INR, Pre-Shower full coverage
  • Image Processing

p, ?, A
27
Physics programme(I) pp/dp reactions
Beam energy Processes Physics case
T lt 1.27 GeV NN threshold for ? production (end of 2006) pN?N? ?NNee- pn ?pnee- (bremsstrahlung) pd ?pN? ?pNee- Dalitz decays of baryons (trans. form-factors), electromagnetic structure of nucleon, tests of extended VDM Isospin dependence pp/pn (large effects for ?!) sensitive test for various reaction models cross sections for HI collisions (differences in model calculation by factor of 2-4 )
T ? 2.0 GeV NN threshold for r/w production pp?p?(N) ?pp?/w ?ppee off-shell vector meson production ?/w interferences vector meson coupling to baryonic resonances ? in-medium modifications complementary to pion programme S262
T 3.5 GeV (May 2006) pp ?pp?/w ?ppee reference for pA, AA, ?A - on shell w production w ??0ee- Dalitz decay (test of VDM )
28
Physics programme(II) AA collisions
  • in medium vector meson properties- spectral
    functions AV(Mee- ,p) double differential
    distributions, centrality dependence
  • Dielectron excess observed by DLS in CaCa _at_
    1AGeV.
  • Mass dependence
    mT scaling for ?_at_2AGeV gives only
    ??0.7

? ee-?(ApAT)1.06-DLS
  • What are the relevant observables as nuclear
    density and/or temperature increase?
  • quark picture vs. hadronic picture?

29
ALICE The answer to the challenge
30
ALICE Many cells everywhere
  • To localise, segmenting the system in hundreds of
    millions of sensitive cells
  • Surround the interaction point with detector
    enveloppes

31
and a few specialized detectors
  • Muons spectrometre
  • Passif absorber
  • B dipole
  • Trajectographe
  • Filter
  • Trigger

32
The future Facility for Antiproton an Ion
Research (FAIR)
SIS 100 Tm SIS 300 Tm U 35 AGeV p 90 GeV
Cooled antiproton beam Hadron Spectroscopy
Ion and Laser Induced Plasmas High Energy
Density in Matter
Structure of Nuclei far from Stability
Compressed Baryonic Matter
33
Feasibility studies
Event generators URQMD, PLUTO Transport
GEANT3,4 via VMC
? Radiation hard Silicon pixel/strip detectors in
a magnetic dipole field ? Electron detectors
RICH TRD ECAL pion suppression up to 105 ?
Hadron identification RPC, RICH ? Measurement
of photons, p0, ?, and muons electromagn.
calorimeter (ECAL)
34
?????????? 1. ??? ???????
???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?
?????-???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????
????????????????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????????
??????? ? ??? ????????? ?????????????? ????.
2. ?????????? ????????? ????????????
????????? ?????????????? ???? ?? ?????????
??????? ????????.

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NA50 ???????????? France,
Italy, Portugal, Switzerland, Russia,
Romania, Armenia

40
Thermodynamics of matter
41
Mapping the QCD phase diagram with heavy-ion
collisions
Lattice QCD calculations Fedor Katz, Ejiri et
al.
SIS300

net baryon density ?B ? 4 ( mT/2?h2c2)3/2 x
exp((?B-m)/T) - exp((-?B-m)/T) baryons
- antibaryons
42

Present QM conference was dominated by
  • Global event characterization
  • Global observables (dN/d?, HBT, fluctuations)
  • Chemical and thermal Equilibrium
  • Flow
  • Penetrating probes
  • High pT suppression
  • Jets
  • Charm and charmonium
  • Dileptons
  • Photons

43
?????? ??????? ?????????
? ??????? ???????


  • 1. ??????? ?????????.
  • ???????? 1-?? ? 2-?? ????. ???????????
    ?????. ?????????????. ?????-???????? ??????.
    ???????? ?????????????????.
  • 2. ????????? ?????????. ??????? ?? ???????
  • 3. ??????????.
  • 4. ??????????. ??????????? ?????????.
  • 5. ?????????????? ????????? ?????????.
  • 6. ?????? ????????? ?????-???????? ??????.
  • ??????? ?????? ????. ????????? ????????.
  • ??????? ?????????.
  • 7. ????????? ????.

44
QCD tells us
45
The sQGP challenge
Strongly coupled EM plasmas may provide guidance
(Thoma).
sQGP could be a dense gas or a liquid. Pair
correlation function g(r) will tell.
46
What happened since last QM?
  • Most successful Run-4 and Run-5 at RHIC
  • 87 experimental papers published
  • in the refereed literature
  • 30 of them in PRL
  • 4 white papers
  • ? a new logo was born perfect liquid
  • All this new results presented in
  • 25 experimental plenary talks and
  • 60 experimental parallel talks
  • I have the impossible task to summarize
  • all of this in 40 minutes

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Jet quenching
Density of scatterings
Range of color force
Baiers plot
Emergence of away-side jet will make
determination of q easier.
51
Comparison to theory (I) normal nuclear
absorption
Central arm
Muon arm
Theory Vogt nucl-th/0507027
Cold nuclear matter absorption model in agreement
with dAu Tendency to underpredict suppression
in most central AuAu and CuCu events
52
????????????? J/? ?? ?????????? ?????
TJ/????? ??????? ?????????? ???????
Pb-Pb 2000
T236 ? 1 MeV
???????? ????????? ??????? T ??????, ? ?????
?????????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ???????.
????????? T ?????????? ????????? ltpT2gt ?
??????????? ?? ET
??? MT ????????????? ? ??????? ????????????????
??????? ??????? MT2K1(MT/T) ???? ????????
????????? ??????? T - ??????????? ???????????
??????? ? ?????????? ??????
53

(J/?/DYgt4.2 )acc ?? pT ? 5 ET ?????


F
Pb-Pb 2000

F
Et ???? ? ??? 1. 5 - 20 2. 20 - 40 3. 40
- 70 4. 70 - 100 5. gt100


pT
54
?????? 1. ?????????? ????????
?? ????????? ????????????????? ?????? 2000 ?.
??? p-A ? Pb-Pb, ?????????? ???
?????????? ?????????????????
????????. 2. ?? ????????????? J/? ??
??????????? ??????? ????????, ??? ltpT2gt
??????????? ?? ????????????? ????? ?????????
?? ????????? ???????? ? ????????? ?????????. 3.
????????????? J/? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????,
??? ???????? ?????? (???????????
???????????) T ??? ????? ???????????
Pb-Pb ???????????? ??????????? ?? ?????
???????????. 4. ??????????? ?????????? J/? ??
??????????? ???????

55
?????? ? ?????????? ? p-A 400 ???/c
??????? ?? pT , ????? ?????? ???????
(???????? ??? pTgt 2 ???/c, ? gt1) . ?
??? Pb-Pb ?????????? R(pT) ???????? ?????? ???
??????
pT , ??? ?????????? ?????? ?
?????? ?????????????. ??????????
?????????? ???????? J/? ???????????
??????????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????????.
? ? ??????????????
Pb-Pb ????????????? ??????????? ?? pT
?????????? ??????????? ? p-A ??????
(???????? ??? pTgt 2 ???/c)-
?????????? ??????? ??????????. ? ??? ?????
??????????? Pb-Pb ??????? ?????????? ???????,
???????? ?????????? ??? ??????? pT (???
? S-U). ? ??? ????? ??????????? ???????
??????? ?????????? ??? ????
????????? pT . ??????????????
?????????? ????? ???????? ????????
??????????.

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