Writing with Confidence

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Writing with Confidence

• By Saeed Dehghani

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Agenda

• Writing with Confidence in 6 Steps
• Writing a Powerful Paragraph
• Writing an Effective Essay

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Writing with confidence in 6 steps
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Writing with Confidence in 6 Steps

• Step 1 Exploring Idea
• Step 2 Prewriting
• Step 3 Organizing
• Step 4 Writing first Draft
• Step 5 Revising the Draft
• Step 6 Producing the final Copy

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Why Do We Write?

• Some thing to Say a Subject
• A reason for Saying it a Purpose
• Some one to say it to an Audience
• Writing is a Personal Process BUT
• You should never sit down to write a paper the
  night before due.
• Some writers are good Planners

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Step 1 Exploring Idea

• What is my subject?
• What jobs have I done or do now?
• What do I know about these jobs?
• Which jobs do I love or hate? What parts make me
  angry or happy
• What is my purpose?
• Inform?, persuade?, entertain?
• What is my audience?
• College students, public, your managers,
  professionals?

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Step 2 Prewriting

• Brainstorming
• Clustering
• Free writing

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Brainstorming
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Clustering (mind Mapping)
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Free Writing
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Step 3 Organization

• Selecting
• Based on your purpose and audience,
• Outlining
• Rough outline,
• Many ways to organize paragraphs.

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Step 4 Writing a First Draft

• Write as fast as you can to capture your ideas
  fully
• Leave wide margins
• Double space so there will be plenty of room for
  change
• Use only one side of the paper
• Make notes in the margins
• Tape or staple additions where you want them to
  go
• Say some thing out loud well may be in a whisper
  before you write it.
• Circle words you think you misspelled to change
  later.
• in Computer?

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Step 5 Revising the Draft

• Reviewing,
• Reading aloud
• Predicting
• Making clean copy

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Step 6 Producing the final Copy

• Editing
• Proofreading
• Tips
• use a good quality standard-size paper.

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How to Write a powerful Essay
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What is the paragraph

• A group of sentences that discuss a smaller idea
  and like an essay, the paragraph generally
  contains
• an introduction,
• a body
• and a conclusion.

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Big Mac Cheeseburger

• What are the ingredients of a Big Mac
  Cheeseburger?

Top Bun
Lettuce
Tomato Cheese

• The top and bottom bun hold the stuff inside
  together.

Onion Special Sauce Hamburger
Bottom Bun
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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Exploring and Planning
• Writing the topic sentence
• Writing the Body and Conclusion
• Revising the paragraph

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Exploring and Planning
• you need to have Topic,
• this topic should be limited
• Example
• Influence of television a long book
• Television quiz shows, cartoon, comedies, ..
• You can consider influence of above issues on
  Preschools, older children, adults and etc.

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Writing the topic sentence
• General and specific statements.
• Making a point

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Writing the Body and Conclusion
• Generating Ideas
• Selecting and Organizing Ideas
• Developing Ideas
• Looking at Paragraph Development
• Writing Conclusion

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Writing the Body and Conclusion
• Generating Ideas
• Brainstorming
• Clustering
• Free writing

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Writing the Body and Conclusion
• 2. Selecting and Organizing Ideas
• Choose the details to support your topic
  sentence.
• Arrange them in an informal outline
• Choose only the details related to your purpose
• Dont use those that dont fit

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Writing the Body and Conclusion
• 3. Developing Ideas
• Explanations
• Specific Details
• Examples

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Writing the Body and Conclusion
• 4. Looking at Paragraph Development
• How complicated is the topic idea
• How much do your reader know about the topic
• How interesting or entertaining should the
  paragraph.
• Writing the first Draft
• Writing Conclusion

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Writing the Body and Conclusion
• 5. Writing the first Draft
• 7 to 10 sentences but dont pad it
• 6. Writing Conclusion
• Not every conclusion has to summarize a bang, a
  joke, a powerful example, a surprize,

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Revising the paragraph
• Unity
• Coherence
• Refining the Topic Sentence and Conclusion
• Using peer review

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Revision Guidelines
• 1- What is best about the paragraph
• 2- locate the topic sentence
• 3- should any sentences or parts of sentences be
  restated or reworded?
• 4- Can any general ideas be explained more? How?
  Would examples help?
• 5- Do any statements need examples to clarify
  their meaning. Are there places where examples
  might make the paragraph livelier

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Revision Guidelines
• 6- look at the end of each sentence and the
  beginning of the next. Is there a natural flow
  between sentences? If not what transitional words
  or phrases could be added. Therefore, however,
  because, when, despite, later, and so on.
• 7- look at the beginning and ending sentences of
  the paragraph. Is the relationship between them
  clear and logical .or does the paragraph stray
  off the point? If so, how could the problem be
  corrected.

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How to Write an Effective Paragraph

• Revision Guidelines
• 8- What would readers do with the information in
  the paragraph? That is how does the paragraph
  answer So What? question? Should the paragraph
  be rearranged or changed to answer that question
  better?
• 9- Is the conclusion effective? Does it
  summarize? Does it end powerfully? How could it
  be revised if it drags on or stray off the point.

Revising the paragraph
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Summary of Paragraph

1. Is focused on a topic that can be developed fully
   in a short space
2. Begins with an introduction that attracts the
   readers interest
3. Includes a topic sentence that is the most
   general statement in the paragraph, makes a
   point and expresses an attitude or opinion.
4. May include a roadmap
5. Develops the topic idea in the body with
   supporting explanations, details, and examples,
6. Arranges the supporting information in some
   logical way
7. Concludes with a summary or a graceful ending.

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Writing an effective essay
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Writing an effective essay
Conclusion
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