MCL 140 : Engineering Thermodynamics

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MCL 140 Engineering Thermodynamics
Collection of Concepts Evolved out of Biological
Characteristic of Humans Lead to Creation of
Human Dominated Planet..
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An Engineering Domination to Natural
ExpertsRunning Faster
350 km/hr
40 48 km/hr
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An Engineering Domination to Natural
ExpertsSwimming Faster
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An Engineering Domination to Natural
ExpertsFlying Faster
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A Engineering Domination to Natural ExpertsLoad
Carriers
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Cow Brain Protein Could Build Better Batteries
and Solar Cell Cow

• Researchers at Stanford are exploring the idea
  that clathrin, a protein found in cow brains, can
  form nanostructured inorganic material for use in
  solar cells and batteries.
• Unlike synthetic materials used in energy tech
  that require nasty chemicals and high
  temperatures to form specific shapes, clathrin
  can be tweaked at room temperature and pressure.
• If all goes well, next-generation solar panels
  may very well contain traces of cow brain.

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Continuous Evolution of Homo Sapients

• Raw food eating habits to Micro wave based
  cooking.
• Human and animal vehicles to Automobiles.
• Watching a flying bird to flying like a bird at
  high speeds.
• Manual machines to Electric appliances.
• Living with available seasonal food to eating
  anything at any time.
• Spending hours on paper note book calculations to
  High speed computing note book.

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Human impact on the environment

• Human impact is called as an anthropogenic
  impact.
• The term anthropogenic designates an effect or
  object resulting from human activity.
• The anthropogenic impact on the environment
  includes impacts on biophysical environments,
  biodiversity and other resources.
• The atmospheric scientist Paul Crutzen introduced
  the term "anthropocene" in the mid-1970s.
• The term is sometimes used in the context of
  pollution emissions that are produced as a result
  of human activities but applies broadly to all
  major human impacts on the environment.

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State of ecosystems, habitats and species

• In the past, human interaction with nature,
  enriched the quality and variety of the living
  world and its habitats, although having a
  disruptive effect on nature.
• Today, however, human pressure on natural
  environments is greater than before in terms of
  magnitude and efficiency in disrupting nature.
• The policies pursued in the industry, transport
  and energy sectors having a direct and damaging
  impact on the nature.
• The strong focus of forestry management on
  economic targets primarily causes the decline in
  biodiversity, soil erosion and other related
  effects.

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Manifestations of the degradation

• The clearest manifestations of the degradation of
  the natural environment are
• Reduction and fragmentation of habitats and
  landscapes.
• A decreased species diversity, due to reduced
  habitable surface area which corresponds to a
  reduced "species carrying capacity".
• The reduction of the size of habitats also
  reduces the genetic diversity of the species
  living there.
• Loss of Species of Fauna and Flora.
• http//www.hobart.k12.in.us/jkousen/Biology/impact
  .html

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Assam, India Micro Hydro Power Project to
Benefit 38 Families
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• Inhabitants of a remote village in the rugged,
  mountainous terrain of North Cachar Hills are
  getting uninterrupted power supply even though it
  is not connected by conventional power grid.
• This has been made possible by the States first
  micro hydro-electricity.
• The project generates 6.8 KVA power from a hilly
  stream called Boro Robi nullah near the hamlet.
• It has a 12-foot-high water reservoir and a
  turbine.
• This was started as a pilot project with support
  from the Army, and following its successful
  implementation, we plan to set up more such micro
  hydel projects in similar terrain in the
  district, HP Rajkumar, Project Director,
  District Rural Development Agency (DRDA), NC
  Hills, said, adding that a couple of sites had
  already been identified for the purpose.
• Rajkumar said that the Army engineers designed
  the turbine, which cost Rs 1.25 lakh. The Army
  has been very enthusiastic about the project and
  extended every possible cooperation to us.
• We got technical expertise from the IIT-Delhi as
  well, he said.
• At the moment the project is illuminating 38
  households of the village besides a school, a
  church, a temple and an auditorium. The
  households have two bulbs each.

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Are the Humans created to disrupt the
Nature????!!!???

• Let us understand the special bio-energetic
  characteristic of Humans.

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Thermodynamic Classification Living Species
Life on Earth
Autotrophs
Heterotrophs
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Earth, Life and Energy

• Life on Earth is driven by energy.
• Autotrophs take it from solar radiation and
  create Energy Reservoirs on Earth.

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Creators and Exploiters of Energy Reservoirs
Heterotrophs take it from autotrophs.
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Carbon Cycle With Autotrophs and Somatic
Heterotrophs
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Energy and Human Evolution

• The humans are extrasomatic heterotrophs.
• The ability to use energy extrasomatically
  enables human beings to use far more energy than
  any other heterotroph that has ever evolved.
• The human population modified more and more of
  its environment by using extrasomatic energy to
  suit human needs.
• The world's present population of over 5.5
  billion is sustained and continues to grow
  through the use of extrasomatic energy.
• The human race expanded its resource base so that
  for long periods it has exceeded contemporary
  requirements.

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ONE TIME RESOURCE
SOLAR ENERGY
INCOMING RESOURCE
CO2 H2O
PHTOSYNTHESIS
SOLAR RADIATION
WINDS
VEGETATION
Heating of OCEAN S
CLOUDS
CHEMICAL ENERGY
RAINS
FOSSILIZATION
COAL
FOSSIL FUEL
PETROLEUM
NATURAL GAS
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ONE TIME RESOURCE
SOLAR ENERGY
INCOMING RESOURCE
CO2 H2O
PHTOSYNTHESIS
SOLAR RADIATION
WINDS
VEGETATION
OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY
CLOUDS
CHEMICAL ENERGY
RAINS
HYDRO ENERGY
FOSSILIZATION
COAL
FOSSIL FUEL
PETROLEUM
NATURAL GAS
Calorific Value
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Technology Vs Power
Water Mills
Wind Mills
Mechanical Machine free?
Heat Engines
Steam /gas turbines
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Origin of Engineering Thermodynamics
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The Greatest Extra-somatic Action
Discovery of FIRE, FLAME and TORCH

• Fire is a discovery rather than an invention.
• Homo erectus probably discovered fire by
  accident.
• Fire was most likely given to man as a 'gift from
  the heavens' when a bolt of lightning struck a
  tree or a bush, suddenly starting it on fire.
• The flaming touch and the campfire probably
  constituted early man's first use of 'artificial'
  lighting.
• As early as 400,000 BC, fire was kindled in the
  caves of Peking man.
• Prehistoric man, used primitive lamps to
  illuminate his cave.
• Various Oils were used as fuels.

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