Matter

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Matter
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What is matter?

• Matter is everything around you, including you!
• Matter is what all things are made of.

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Matter has 3 forms.
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
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Solids

• A solid has its own shape.
• A solid does not change unless you cut, bend, or
  break it.
• Solids take up space and have mass.

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Liquids

• Liquids do not have their own shape.
• Liquids take the shape of their container.
• Liquids take up space and have mass.

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Gases

• Gases have no definite size or shape.
• Gases take the shape of its container.
• A gas will fill all the space inside a container.
• Gases take up space and have mass.

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Mixtures

• A mixture is a combination of two or more
  substances in which each pure substance retains
  its individual chemical properties
• This is a physical blending, not a chemical
  blending.
• Composition of the mixture can vary
• Can be physically separated

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Heterogeneous Homogeneous Mixtures

• Heterogeneous Mixture- one that does not blend
  smoothly throughout and which the individual
  substances remain distinct
• Examples Sand and Water, Oil and Water, Cement
• Homogeneous Mixture (Solutions)- has constant
  composition throughout it always has a single
  phase
• Examples salt water, vinegar, alloys

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METHODS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES

• Magnet
• Filter
• Decant
• Evaporation
• Centrifuge
• Chromatography
• Distillation

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FILTRATION

• A technique that uses a porous barrier to
  separate a solid from a liquid

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DISTILLATION

• A technique that is based on differences in the
  boiling points of substances

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CRYSTALLIZATION

• A technique that results in the formation of pure
  solid particles of a substance from a solution
  containing the dissolved substance

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CHROMATOGRAPHY

• A technique that separates the components of a
  mixture on the basis of the tendency of each to
  travel or be drawn across the surface of another
  material

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ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS

• Elements- are the simplest form of matter that
  can exist under NORMAL laboratory conditions
• Cannot be separated into simpler substances by
  chemical means
• Are the building blocks for all other
  --substances
• Compounds-are substances that can be separated
  into simpler substances by chemical means