?(Kingdom)

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?(Kingdom) ?(phylum) ?(class)
?(order) ?(family)
?(genus) ?(species)
7???
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???????????????????????????
? ??? Plantae ? ????? Angiospermae ?
?????? Monocotyledoneae ? ???
Cyperales ? ??? Gramineae
? ??? Triticum ? ??
Triticum aestivum L.
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?(SPECIES)?????????,??????????????????????????,??
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????? ??(Subspecies)????????????,?????????
?????????????????? ??(Variety)??????????????,
?????????????????????
??(Form)???????????? ??(Breed)??????????????
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?? (scientific name) ????????????????????
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7
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??????????,????????1753????????????????????
?
1. ???????????????????(????????????)? 2.
???????????????
???????????????????
Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Glycyrrhiza
uralensis Fisch.
??????????,???????
?????,???????
8
?????????? ???????subsp.???????????
?? ???????var.?????????????
???????f.????????????? ? ????
Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. ?????? Prunus
persica var. compressa Bean. .
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??? ????(Chapt. 8 Prokaryotes)
???(Spirulina sp.)
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• ??????
• ??(Cyanophy )
• ???(Prochlorophy)
• ??(Bacteria)
• ???(Archaeobacteria)
• ???(Actinomycete
• ?????(Rickettsia)
• ???(Brachyspira)
• ???(Chlamydia)
• ???(Mycoplasma)

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• DNA???,?????????????????
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• ????????70S

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??? ??? Cyanophyta
(cell wall)
(gas vesicle)
(thylakoid)
(karyoplasm )
(reserve substance)
(cell membrane)
(mucilaginous sheath)
?????????
13
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• ????
• ??????????(Ccolony)????(filament)????(thallus)?
• ?????????(peptidoglycan)??? ????????(gelationou
  s sheath),?????(pectic acid)????(mucopolysaccharid
  e) ?
• ?????????(periplasm)????(centroplasm)
  ???????????,???????????????,???????,????????
• ????????a?????,????b ?????????????????

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• ????(???)
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• ??????????(hormogonium)????

?????????????????,???????(heterocyst),??????????
??????????????(separation discs)(?13-3
B),??????????????????????,????????????
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• ????????(akinete) ,????,????????(heterocyst)?

(exospore)
(endospore)
A.???(Dermocarpella sp.)
B.???(Chamaesiphon sp.)
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????????
????1?,????(Cyanophyceae),4?,?150?,2000??4????
??(Chroococcales)????(Oscillatorales)?????(Nostoca
les)?????(Stigonematales)?
?????????(Chroococcus)?????(Micracystis)?????(Spir
ulina)????(Oscillatoria)?????(Anabaena)?????(Nosto
c)??
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21
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