Indo-European Migrations

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Indo-European Migrations Mass Migrations from the
Steppes to Europe, Anatolia, and India
Steppes
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Hindu Kush Mountains
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Khyber Pass Through Hindu Kush Mts.
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I. Classical Indian civilization began in the
Indus River Valley, spread to the Ganges River
Valley, and then spread throughout the Indian
subcontinent. This spread continued with little
interruption because of the geographic
location. A. Why were physical geography and
location important to the development of Indian
civilization? 1. Physical barriers
Himalayas, Hindu Kush Indian Ocean made
invasion difficult 2. Mountain passes in the
Hindu Kush provided migration routes into the
Indian subcontinent 3. The Indus Ganges were
most important rivers, for life spiritual
importance.
Aryans
Himalayas
Hindu Kush
Caste System
Indus
Ganges
II. Indo-European Aryans migrated into the
area, creating a structured society (caste
system) and blending their beliefs with those of
the indigenous people. A. What impact did the
Aryans have on India? 1. Aryans migrated into
subcontinent, asserted dominance 2. Brought
religion holy books Vedas Vedic religion
evolved into Hinduism 3. Established new
social order Caste System
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Creation of the Indian Caste System
There are four main class levels or Varnas in
the caste system, Brahmans, Kshatrias, Vaishias,
and Sundras. According to the religious aspect of
the ancient creation myth, each level of class
was created from each body part of Purush. In
reference to the ancient Hindu book, Purush was
the primal man. The body parts of Purush play a
significant part in establishing boundaries of
the caste system. It is understood that Purush
destroyed himself in order to create human
society. Each part of the body determined a level
class based on its order from the top to the
bottom. The Brahmans which were created from
Purushs head were acknowledged as the highest
level of the caste system. Following Brahmans
were the Kshatrias created from his hands,
Vaishias (thighs), and its lowest class, Sundras
(feet).
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No Social Mobility! born die in same caste
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III. Hinduism was an important contribution of
classical India. A. What are the beliefs of
the Hindu religion? 1. No single founder
evolved from Aryan Vedic traditions 2.
Interconnectedness of life Atman individual
soul Brahman world soul 3.
Reincarnation rebirth of soul through many
lifetimes 4. Dharma duties specific to each
caste pride in fulfilling Dharma 5. Karma
all thoughts actions result in future
consequences (good or bad) 6. Moksha
spiritual goal for Hindus release from cycle of
rebirth join world soul
Reincarnation
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• Hindu Gods
• A. How did Hindus view their gods? Many
  incarnations of one god - Brahman
• 1. Brahma the Creator
• 2. Vishnu the Protector
• 3. Shiva the Destroyer

• Hinduism relied on sacred literature as a
  foundation of the religion.
• A. What were the Sacred Writings of Hinduism?
• 1. Upanishads introduced idea of universal
  spirit separation from material world
• 2. Vedas beginning of Hindu religion
• 3. Mahabharata 106,000 verse epic Indian
  poem addressing good evil importance of
  Dharma.

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Shiva
Vishnu
Brahma
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• Hinduism influenced Indian society and culture
  and is still practiced in India today.
• A. How did Hinduism influence Indian society
  and culture?
• 1. Karma reincarnation strengthened Caste
  System
• 2. Caste System influenced all social
  interactions occupations
• 3. NO SOCIAL MOBILITY!
• 4. Hindu culture spread to SE Asia along trade
  routes.

No Social Mobility born die in same caste
H I N D U I S M
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Critical Intro Create an acrostic from the word
Hinduism on the last page of packet.