PRIMARY SECTOR

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PRIMARY SECTOR
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FarmingFarming is the growing of crops and
the rearing of animals
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Physical factors climate

• Temperature crops need a minimum of 6C to grow.
  
• Rainfall crops need between 250 mm and 500 mm a
  year.

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Physical factors relief

• Flat land is easier to grow crops on, there is
  less soil erosion and machinery can be used
  safely.
• Some places are too high to grow crops because
  they are too cold. Temperature decreases 6C each
  1000 m.

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Physical factors soil

• Soil needs to be fertile, deep and well drained.

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Social and economic factors labour

• Farming requires either
• Human labour (low yields)
• or
• Mechanisation (high yields)

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Social and economic factors market

• Farmers grow crops that are in demand and change
  to meet new demands.
• Markets are now global.

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Social and economic factors governments

• Quotas are limits on the amount of some produce
  set by the governments.
• Subsidies are money paid by the government to
  encourage some types of produce.

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Classification of agriculture
Pastoral
Arable

• Mixed

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Classification of agriculture

• Intensive high yields from a small area of land

• Extensive low yields from a large area of land.

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Classification of agriculture

• Pastoral farming can also be intensive or
  extensive

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Classification of agriculture

• Commercial farming to make profit from sales of
  food.

• Subsistence it produces food for the farmers
  family

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Classification of agriculture

• Nomadic moving from place to place
• Sedentary farming in a fixed location

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Fishing

• Fishing is the activity of hunting for fish or
  other aquatic animals such as various types of
  shellfish.

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Types of fishing

• Deep sea fishing

• Shallow water fishing

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Commercial fishing

• Commercial fishing methods have become very
  efficient using large nets and sea-going
  processing factories.

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Commercial fishing

• The development of refrigeration and freezing
  technologies transformed the commercial fishing
  industry fishing vessels could be larger,
  spending more time away from port and therefore
  accessing fish stocks at a much greater
  distance..

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Problems on fishing
Pollution
Overfishing
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Main solutions for overfishing

• Creating exclusive economic zones (EEZ), an area
  extending 200 nautical miles seaward from the
  coast in which a country has sovereign rights to
  explore and explote marine resources.
• Restrictions or quotas. International treaties
  limit the fishing effort.
• Aquaculture

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Aquaculture

• Aquaculture is the cultivation of the natural
  produce of water (such us fish or shellfish).
  Fish farming is a common kind of aquaculture.

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Shellfish fishing

• A very important activity is also shellfish
  fishing. It can be on-boat or on-foot.

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Semi-farming on-foot shellfish fishing

• On-foot shellfing fishing is made above all by
  women. A way to improve production is
  semi-farming.