Symbiosis

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Symbiosis
Yes, you need your lab book and your CPS remote.
?
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Symbiosis
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
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Symbiosis relationship in which two species
live closely together.
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symbiosis
Understanding Level
1 2 3 4

• (define in your own words)
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Commensalism - symbiotic relationship in which
one member of the association benefits and the
other is neither helped nor harmed.
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Commensalism
Understanding Level
1 2 3 4

• (define in your own words)
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Mutualism symbiotic relationship in which both
species benefit from the relationship.
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mutualism
Understanding Level
1 2 3 4

• (define in your own words)
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Parasitism symbiotic relationship in which one
organism lives in or on another organism (the
host) and consequently harms it.
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parasitism
Understanding Level
1 2 3 4

• (define in your own words)
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Predator the organism that kills and eats the
organism.
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predator
Understanding Level
1 2 3 4

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Prey the organism that is being eaten.
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prey
Understanding Level
1 2 3 4

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Predation interaction in which one organism
captures and feeds on another organism.
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predation
Understanding Level
1 2 3 4

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Niche full range of physical and biological
conditions in which an organism lives and the way
in which the organism uses those conditions.
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niche
Understanding Level
1 2 3 4

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Biotic Factor biological influence on
organisms within an ecosystem.
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biotic factor
Understanding Level
1 2 3 4

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Abiotic Factor physical, or nonliving, factor
that shapes an ecosystem.
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abiotic factor
Understanding Level
1 2 3 4

• (define in your own words)
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Bees get food from nectar of the Flower the
Flower gets pollinated, and reproduction begins!
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Tapeworms live and feed in humans
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Ringworm (a fungus) lives on a human, and the
human can become sick.
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Barnacles live on whales, but the whale is not
harmed or helped.
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Termite can digest wood because of Intestinal
Microbes, and the Microbes also get food and a
warm place to stay.
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Ticks suck animal blood for food.
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Mosquitoes suck human blood.
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Leeches feed by sucking human blood.
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Clownfish live in the Sea Anemone and clean it
while the Anemone provides protection for the
fish.
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Fungus increases Root surface area, and Root
gives Fungus food
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Fleas live on and bite animals
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Ants provide protection for the Acacia Tree while
the Tree provides food and a place to live.
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1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Cattle Egret eats bugs stirred up by the moving
Cows Cows do not benefit.
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Wolves and hawks are at the same trophic level
because they _____. Apr'03 10th -39   A. both
live on land B. are both large mammals C. both
eat primary consumers D. have similar hunting
patterns
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Which organism lives in the human intestine and
aids in the digestive process? Apr'03 10th
-23   A. The bacterium Escherichia coli B. The
fungus Trichophyton rubrum C. The protozoan
Entamoeba coli D. The algae Fucus vesiculosus  
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Habitat Productivity (g/m2/yr) Bird Diveristy (average number of species/km2)
Marsh 2000 14
Grassland 500 12
Shrub land 600 8
Desert 70 3
Coniferous forest 800 17
Upland deciduous forest 1000 21
Floodplain deciduous forest 2000 24
Which question could be formed based on these
data? Apr'04 11th -16   A. What types of plants
have increased productivity in different
habitats? B. Is there a relationship between
productivity and bird diversity in a habitat? C.
How does the number of birds in a population
affect habitats? D. Do habitats display changes
in productivity and bird diversity during
different seasons?
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Bacteria are present in the digestive tract of
some herbivores. The bacteria break down plant
cellulose, making it possible for the herbivore
to digest plant material. These bacteria live in
a stable environment with sufficient food and
water. The herbivore and the bacteria in this
relationship _____. 2008 Released 10th -1   A.
benefit each other B. compete for survival C. are
producers D. are secondary consumers
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Within a certain community, crows actively eat
brightly colored beetles. Which interaction is
being displayed between the population of crows
and the population of beetles? 2008 Released 10th
-2   A. Commensalism B. Mutualism C.
Parasitism D. Predation
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Pollen adheres to bees as they feed on the nectar
of flowers. When they move from flower to flower
gathering nectar, the bees pollinate the flowers.
The bees then use the nectar to make honey. The
relationship between bees and flowers is an
example of _____. 2008 Released 11th -4   A.
parasitism B. commensalism C. mutualism D.
neutralism
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Some species of kelp anchor themselves to the
seafloor. These species have small air sacs,
called air bladders, at the base of each leaf.
The air bladders raise the top of the kelp to
the waters surface. What advantage do air
bladders give the kelp? Jul'06 11th -51
  A. They allow the kelp to obtain more
salt from the water. B. They prevent the kelp
from breaking during a storm. C. They allow kelp
leaves to receive greater amounts of sunlight. D.
They provide the kelp with protection from
herbivores.
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Which of the following is most likely to cause
increases in a predator population? Apr'03 10th
-24   A. Fewer prey B. A reduction in
competition C. More parasites D. A period of
drought  
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In Central America there is a tree called bullhorn acacia (Acacia cornigera) that provides both food and shelter to a certain species of ant (Pseudomyrmex ferruginea). The ants live within the tree without causing it harm. In fact, the ants protect the tree by vigorously attacking and stinging other animals that try to eat it.
This relationship is an example of _____. Apr'03
10th -33   A. predation B. parasitism C.
mutualism D. commensalism
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An oakworm caterpillar feeds on the leaves of an
oak tree. This type of interaction is _____.
Apr'04 10th -10   A. mutualistic B.
commensalistic C. competitive D. parasitic
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A hummingbird feeds on the nectar of a flowering
plant. In this process the bird gains nutrition
while spreading the plants pollen to other
flowers. The relationship between hummingbirds
and flowering plants can be described as _____.
Apr'04 10th -44   A. commensal B. predatory C.
parasitic D. mutualistic
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Which situation best represents a mutualistic
relationship? Apr'04 11th -17   A. A tapeworm
absorbing nutrients from the intestine of a
dog B. An orchid being pollinated by a
nectar-collecting wasp C. A human losing blood to
a feeding mosquito D. An armadillo rooting in the
soil at the base of an oak tree
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After being introduced in the 1930s, the fire ant
(Solenopsis invicta) became established
throughout much of the southern United States.
One biological way to control fire ants might be
to introduce organisms that are _____. Apr'04
10th -19   A. mutualistic with fire ant queens B.
nurtured by fire ant workers C. preyed on by fire
ant drones D. parasitic to fire ant larvae