3rd Int

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3rd Intl Coop Workshop for Health Professional
Students?????????????????Improvement of
Health Care ThroughHuman Resource Development

• ???? Hirotaka Onishi MD, MHPE
• Internatonal Research Center for Medical
  Education, University of Tokyo

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Sustainability ????????

• Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day.
  Teach him how to fish and you feed him for a
  lifetime.
• ?????????????????????????????????????????

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Situation in Afghanistan ??????????

• In postwar reconstruction? ??????
• In postwar chaotic period? ??????
• In the middle of wartime? ????

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Facility or Human Resources????????

• If we construct a hospital and the war destroys
  it, nothing will remain.
• ?????????????????????
• If we improve their health professional
  education, it will last forever.
• ??????????????????????

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Health Needs and Curriculum???????????????

• What is purpose of the curriculum of a health
  professional education?
• ????????????????
• To meet the needs of learners and
  patients/society
• ??????/??????????
• To develop the curriculum by a logical and
  systematic approach
• ?????????????????????
• ? Strong linkage of health professional education
  and public health ???????????????

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Curriculum Development Process?????????????

• 6-step approach(Kern) 6???????

1. Problem identification and general needs
assessment
??????????????
2. Needs assessment for targeted learners
6. Assessment
??
???????????
3. Goals and objectives
5. Implementation
?????????
?????????
4. Educational strategy
????(?????)
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Fishbone Diagram?????
(Results)
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Needs Assessment ?????

• (Needs) (Current approach) (Ideal approach)

??? ???????? ????????
Patients/ Society ??/?? Health Professionals ??? Educators ???
Current
Ideal
Ideal situation should be considered as a
condition that you have to work with the current
limitation of resources ?????????????????????????
???
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Taxonomy ??????
Behaviour ??
Problem solving ???? Knowledge ??
Skill ???
Attitude ??
If one part is emphasised than another,
construction will be weak. ?????????????????????,?
?????????
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Educational Issues in General???????????

• Dependence on lectures and shortage of teaching
  for skill and attitude
• ?????????????????
• Lack of teaching skills
• ??????????????

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Tasks for Small Group Discussion??????????

• AM Needs assessment for health professional
  education in Afghanistan
• ??????????????????????
• PM Development of action plans to improve health
  care in Afghanistan by educating better health
  professionals in Kabul Medical University (KMU)
• ??????????????????????????,??????????????????????
  ??????

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Framework for AM DiscussionAM???????

• Current status of health care in Afghanistan
• ?????????????
• Priority in a number of health care issues
• ?????????????????
• Whether educational revision improve issues
• ?????????????

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Framework for PM DiscussionPM???????

• Please propose action plans of educational reform
  upon the health professional education issues
  listed in AM session
• AM????????????????,??????????????????????

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Caution! ???

• KMU has long history in health professional
  education. Do not change whole structure because
  it will cause political conflicts.
• KMU????????????????.?????????????????????,
• Shortage of educational resources is a chance to
  reflect on yourself to improve.
• ??????????????????????????????

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Small Group Discussion???????

• English or ???
• The basic role of faculty members from
  Afghanistan is information sources
• ???????????????????????

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Group Presentation???????????????

• Determine a presenter of contents in the small
  group discussion
• ?????????????????
• In English ???
• 5 mins each ?????5?

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Intercultural Communication????????????

• LEARN approach (Berlin Fowkes)
• Listen ?????????
• Explain ?????????
• Acknowledge ??????????
• Recommend ??????????
• Negotiate ?????????

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Brainstorming??????????
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Processes of Brainstorming???????????????

• Form a small group ????????
• Determine a leader and a writer ?????????
• Facilitate any opinions about the subject
• ???????????????
• Write down all opinions on a white board/flip
  chart
• ?????????????????????
• Organize opinions into generalized categories
• ?????????????????

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Rules of Brainstorming??????????????

• Do not blame others opinions (?Blamestorming)
• ????????????
• Associate your idea with previous ideas (?White
  board is important)
• ?????????????(??????????)
• Leader should facilitate, motivate, and praise
  participants
• ???????????,????,?????