ECOLOGY

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ECOLOGY
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Competition two species share a requirement for
a limited resource ? reduces fitness of one or
both species
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Predation one species feeds on another ?
enhances fitness of predator but reduces fitness
of prey
herbivory is a form of predation
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Symbiosis two species live together ? can
include parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism
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Parasitism one species feeds on another ?
enhances fitness of parasite but reduces fitness
of host
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Mutualism two species provide resources or
services to each other ? enhances fitness of both
species
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Commensalism one species receives a benefit
from another species ? enhances fitness of one
species no effect on fitness of the other species
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Living part of the environment
Biotic Abiotic
Sun provides energy for living things
Ecology the study of the interactions b/tw
organisms their environment
Nonliving part, water, soil, light, etc.
2 Parts Biotic and Abiotic
Prey Predator Symbiosis Mutualism Commens
alism Parasitism
Consumers
An organism that eats another organism
Part of Earth where life exists
An organism that is eaten by another organism
biosphere
Herbivore A consumer that eats plants Ex
prarie dog Carnivore A consumer that ears
animals. Omnivore a consumer that eats a
variety of organisms Scavenger an animal that
feeds on the bodies of dead animals
Organisms and their nonliving environment
A close, long term relationship between 2 or more
species
ecosystems
communities
Both species benefit. (a type of symbiosis)
All the pops of different species
populations
Same species
One species benefits and one is not affected
One species benefits and one is harmed
Individual organisms
Niche Habitat
An organisms way of life (its job)
producers
consumers
carnivores
herbivores
The environment where an organism lives
Producer consumer
decomposer
Organisms that eat producers or other organisms
(see list on the left)
Bacteria and Fungi that breakdown the remains of
dead animals
Organism that uses sunlight To make food (direct)