Rise of the Taliban

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Rise of the Taliban
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Soviet-Afghan War

• 1979 S.U. invades Afghanistan (afraid of U.S.
  control)
• Early 80s S.U. takes control, installs puppet
  government
• Mid 80s Mujahideen (Afghan freedom fighters)
  increase resistance
• Mid 80s U.S. secretly trains and supplies
  Mujahideen

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Soviet-Afghan War

• The Stinger Heat seeking missile allows
  Mujahideen to destroy Soviet helicopters
• 1989 S.U. withdraws from Afghanistan after
  failing to end the resistance

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1990s

• 1992 Afghans remove Soviet puppet government
• 1992-1994 Tribal/Mujahideen leaders fight a
  brutal civil war for power
• 1994 Mohammed Omar creates the Taliban

• Goals
• 1- End the violence and lawlessness
• 2- Create an Islamic state with an
  ultra-conservative interpretation of the Koran

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The Taliban

• 1995 Taliban control most of Afghanistan
• Late 90s Taliban installs strict laws and
  murders Shia opponents
• Taliban Sharia (Islamic law)
• No dancing, TV, music, education for women,
  clapping at sporting events, or hanging pictures
  in homes
• Women forced to wear the Burka
• Men must grow beards
• Police kill/beat those who do not comply

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Al Qaeda

• 1996 Bin Laden moves to Afghanistan, supports
  Taliban and builds Al Qaeda
• Goals of Al Qaeda
• 1- Eliminate western influence in Muslim
  countries
• 2- Recreate a Muslim Caliphate (one large Islamic
  nation)

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• 1998 Al Qaeda bombs U.S. embassies in Africa
• 9/11/2001 Al Qaeda attacks NYC and WTC
• 9/21/2001 Taliban refuses to hand over Bin Laden
• 10/17/2001 U.S. invades Afghanistan (Operation
  Enduring Freedom) to eliminate Taliban and
  destroy Al Qaeda

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• 12/2001 Taliban retreats to mountains along
  Afghan-Pakistan border
• 2006-2010 Taliban resistance increases
• Suicide bombings
• I.E.D (Improvised Explosive Devices)
• 5/2011 Pres. Obama announced Bin Laden was
  killed by US forces in Pakistan
• 6/2011President Obama announced that 10,000
  troops would be withdrawn from Afghanistan by the
  end of 2011, and the 33,000 "surge" troops would
  be withdrawn by the end of 2012.
• 5/2012 NATO summit endorses the plan to withdraw
  foreign combat troops by the end of 2014.
• 9/2012 Total number of US soldiers killed in the
  Afghan war reaches 2,000.