Robotics in

1

• Robotics in
• Agriculture
• Industry
• Military
• Medicine
• Personal Lives
• Miscellaneous

2
What If?

1. Should robots be humanoid?
2. Should humans become robots?
3. Should robots excrete byproducts?
4. Should robots eat?
5. Should telerobotic labor be regulated?
6. Should robots carry weapons?
7. Should machines be awarded patents?
8. http//www.wired.com/wired/archive/13.01/view.html

3
A Brief History of Robotics

• 350 B.CThe brilliant Greek mathematician,
  Archytas ('ahr 'ky tuhs') of Tarentum builds a
  mechanical bird dubbed "the Pigeon" that is
  propelled by steam. It serves as one of histories
  earliest studies of flight, not to mention
  probably the first model airplane. 322
  B.C.The Greek philosopher Aristotle
  writes...If every tool, when ordered, or even
  of its own accord, could do the work that befits
  it... then there would be no need either of
  apprentices for the master workers or of slaves
  for the lords. ...hinting how nice it would be
  to have a few robots around.
• http//robotics.megagiant.com/history.html
• 200 B.C.The Greek inventor and physicist
  Ctesibus ('ti sib ee uhs') of Alexandria designs
  water clocks that have movable figures on them.
  Water clocks are a big breakthrough for
  timepieces. Up until then the Greeks used hour
  glasses that had to be turned over after all the
  sand ran through. Ctesibus' invention changed
  this because it measured time as a result of the
  force of water falling through it at a constant
  rate. In general, the Greeks were fascinated with
  automata of all kinds often using them in theater
  productions and religious ceremonies.
• 1495Leonardo DaVinci designs a mechanical device
  that looks like an armored knight. The mechanisms
  inside "Leonardo's robot" are designed to make
  the knight move as if there was a real person
  inside. Inventors in medieval times often built
  machines like "Leonardo's robot" to amuse
  royalty.
• http//robotics.megagiant.com/history.html

4
History Activities

• Individual or group
• Have students pick 10 dates and illustrate them
  in a timeline graphic
• oract out the timeline
• Play Jeopardy
• Pick one of the History dates and write a What
  If. For exampleWhat if Leonardo DaVincis
  robot caught on? Where would we be today?
• What challenges would be faced if all classes
  were run by robots?

5
Robotics in Agriculture

• Robotics is one of the fastest growing
  engineering fields of today. Millions of dollars
  have been spent in the developments of robots to
  be used in all sorts of field work. The use of
  robots is more common today than ever before and
  it is no longer exclusively used by the heavy
  production industries. Robots are designed to
  remove the human factor from labour intensive or
  dangerous work. The computer is the brain of the
  robot which receives data from various sources to
  control the movement of the robot in order to
  accomplish a task.
• The idea of applying robotics technology in
  agriculture is very new. The main area of
  application of robots in agriculture is at the
  harvesting stage. Fruit picking robot and sheep
  shearing robot are designed to replace human
  labour. The agricultural industry is behind
  other industries in using robots because the sort
  of jobs involved in agriculture are not straight
  forward and many repetitive tasks are not exactly
  the same every time.

6
YouTube Videos for Robotics in Agriculture

• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/robot-farm/jCHVr
  6rWmyUH9xNOSWNXgQ?oundefinedldisver11domain
  ask.com
• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/robotic-farmer-p
  rospero-a-single-member-of-a-robotic-swarm/Mg9Rwg3
  OSPI_Yqim6kEpdw?oundefinedldisver11domainas
  k.com
• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/rice-planting-ro
  bot-awarded-the-robot-award-2008-grand-pri/Sd3y72U
  Yk_E9DWY18rYYYA?oundefinedldisver11domainas
  k.com
• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/motoman-robots-a
  rc-welding-agricultural-equipment/ev8rsE697cu6p2gA
  7PO7GQ?oundefinedldisver11domainask.com
• http//www.ask.blinkx.com/watch-video/robotic-gard
  en/k2dfhVQkK3XE_nsDbD1dFQ?oundefinedldisver11
  domainask.com
• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/autonomous-imagi
  ng-and-sensing-with-the-api-robot-for-http//ask.c
  om/videos/watch-video/farming-with-robots-america-
  heartland/6nb4Cz5YxPC4LiweBKiF3g?oundefinedldis
  ver11domainask.comagriculture/DUOMd_AY51Po6APZ
  bMrLPg?oundefinedldisver11domainask
• http//www.ask.blinkx.com/watch-video/robotic-crop
  -pickers/d8bDl_TSFPTdePaWqIg4MQ

7
Robotics in Industry

• Robots Rule?
• When the world's technology developed to the
  point where we could create robots to do jobs
  humans normally did, industrial workers were a
  little fearful. After all, why keep a person who
  requires health care, salaries and pension
  employed when a robot can do his job without
  tiring? But as the fears quelled, industry
  realized that robots are extremely useful but
  can't replace human beings. In fact, there are
  some places where, if it wasn't for a robot, a
  human being could actually be lost. This article
  explores how robots are used in industry.
• Read more How Are Robots Used in Industry?
  eHow.com http//www.ehow.com/how-does_4572605_how-
  robots-used-industry.htmlixzz1zDHj94nZ

8
Robotics in Industry

• Robots used to be a regular source of
  controversy, because of the threat of them
  replacing human laborers. Now they are common
  enough that this issue is rarely discussed.
  Robots have found a niche in a wide range of
  routine industrial tasks, in some cases dangerous
  tasks that would be hazardous to humans.
• Definition
• The International Organization of Standardization
  (ISO) sets the standard for what constitutes a
  robot. ISO defines an industrial robot as being
  an "automatically controlled, reprogrammable,
  multipurpose manipulator" that is "programmable
  in three or more axes."

9
Articulated Robots

• Articulated robots have two or more joints, a
  design that is commonly found in robotic arms.
  When most people imagine industrial robots, they
  think of the articulated robotic arm.

10
Gantry Robots

• Gantry robots are more formally called "Cartesian
  coordinate robots." Instead of articulated,
  rotating joints, these robots have linear axes
  that are mounted at right angles. The design is
  often used for precision drawing or milling
  machines.

11
SCARA

• SCARA can stand for either Selective Compliant
  Articulated Robot Arm or Selective Compliant
  Assembly Robot Arm. A relatively new concept in
  robotics, the SCARA was developed in Japan in
  1981. It uses a parallel axis to joint design
  that makes it rigid along the Z axis. This design
  allows the robot to fold up, extend, and then
  fold up again.

12
YouTube Videos for Industry

• http//www.ask.blinkx.com/watch-video/bbj-robotics
  -and-jobs/A6kthj6yzphs4geWnI7cog?oundefinedldis
  ver11domainask.com
• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/will-robots-take
  -over-the-world-24-feb-2011/GsE1ipJ2AoCPzEwujGkVZg
  ?oundefinedldisver11domainask.com
• http//http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/robot-man
  nequins-help-find-best-f
• it/wepNgx-2ObMuDwPagYou6Q?oundefinedldisver11
  domainask.com
• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/robots-work/cw6p
  9EvVXkzNAcVYdaOI6A?oundefinedldisver11domain
  ask.com
• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/robotics-the-ind
  ustry-of-tomorrow/wCj4dsrCgY38aSVJbo_6FQ?oundefin
  edldisver11domainask.com

13
Robotics in Medicine

• Robots play a critical -- and growing -- role in
  modern medicine, from training the next
  generation of doctors, dentists, and nurses, to
  comforting and protecting elderly patients in the
  early stages of dementia. Using robots, medical
  professionals can make smaller incisions for
  shorter surgeries, reducing hospital stays and
  improving patients' prognoses and saving costs.
  As robots become even smaller and developers
  continue to further integrate the devices with
  artificial intelligence, the medical community
  will continuously expand the ways in which it
  uses this technology to save patients, improve
  quality of life and prevent health problems. At
  the other end of the spectrum, medical schools
  are turning to robots that mimic live patients'
  feelings of pain or discomfort to help the next
  wave of doctors and dentists prepare to treat
  real people. Of course, dummies and cadavers are
  not new to medical students, but by giving
  students access to sensitive patients, healthcare
  educators hope to hone the bedside manners of
  soon-to-be doctors and dentists.

14
Da Vinci Si HD Surgical System

• Intuitive Surgical developed the da Vinci robotic
  system to perform minimally invasive surgeries
  through superior visualization, enhanced
  dexterity, greater precision, and ergonomic
  comfort. With incisions of only 1 or 2
  centimeters, surgeons can perform even complex
  procedures such as open-heart surgery, according
  to Intuitive Surgical. The system reduces
  hospital stays by half, reducing costs by about
  one-third, because of less pain and speedier
  recovery, according to the company.
• http//www.informationweek.com/news/galleries/heal
  thcare/patient/229100383?pgno2
• http//www.ask.blinkx.com/watch-video/how-it-works
  -robotic-surgery/3b-KTnAqe455aS9CtSdSKg?oundefine
  dldisver11domainask.com

15
Videos for Robots in Medicine

• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/highlights-from-
  the-international-robot-exhibition-in-tokyo/Qew7cC
  17TEASHdttCTslUw?oundefinedldisver11domaina
  sk.com
• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/medical-robotics
  -and-computer-integrated-interventional-medicine/R
  5kWy9s-6-gWZ8RYSxXXyA?oundefinedldisver11dom
  ainask.com
• ltobject width"420" height"245" id"msnbc5041d4"
  classid"clsidD27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-44455354000
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  ockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cabversion10,0,0,0"gtlt
  param name"movie" value"http//www.msnbc.msn.com
  /id/32
• http//www.ask.com/videos/watch-video/inside-the-r
  obotic-operating-room-of-the-future/WkGyBSXkYAN5yy
  8U5s5wog?oundefinedldisver11domainask.com
• http//www.ask.com/videos/watch-video/birth-simula
  tor-robot-helps-trainees-get-a-grip/YVG6Rh_qDUfwbP
  PTvcm6WQ?oundefinedldisver11domainask.com

16
Military Robotics Robots in the Military

• The utilization of Robotics in military is well
  shown by US Army. Osama and other terrorists were
  tracked by these military robots. They are
  robust, they are obedient, they are daring, they
  dont have fear of death, and most important they
  have proved themselves in Iraq and Afghanistan.
  Now, terrorists are terrified by drone attacks.
  The utilization of robotics technology in
  military led to a new field in robotics i.e.
  Military Robotics.

17
Military Robots continued

• Military robotics isnt about creating an army of
  humanoids but utilization of robotics technology
  for fighting terror and defending the nation.
  Thus, military robots need not be humanoids or
  they not necessarily need to carry weapons, they
  are just those robots that can help the armed
  forces. The opportunities offered by these
  technologies are boundless. Apart from army
  research centers there are many private firms
  also which provide military robots for defense
  forces like Foster Miller,21st Century Robotics,
  EOD Performance, Northrop Grumman, General
  Atomics etc. They have created many job
  opportunities and are developing this sector. It
  is expected that its market will extend up to
  9.8 billion by 2016.

18
History

• The vision of robot army isnt a present day
  concept. The introduction of military robots is
  dated back from 1898 by the introduction of radio
  boats by Nicola Tesla. It was visualized by many
  visionaries in the last century. They were used
  by Germans and Russians in Second World War.
  Russians used Teletanks and Goliath were used by
  Germans. The Teletanks were equipped with DT
  machine guns, flamethrowers and smoke container
  to provide a smokescreen. The use of Goliath
  which is a mobile landmine in World War II by the
  Third Reich's forces also marked as a turning
  point in the history of military robots. And
  today the development in this technology is well
  demonstrated by military robots in Afghanistan
  and Iraq. At present the most commonly used
  military robot is the unmanned aerial vehicle IAI
  Pioneer and RQ-1 Predator.
• One threatening question must be arising, as in
  every science fiction movie, it is shown that
  robots have gone crazy and started hunting us,
  will they go crazy in real world also? Actually,
  at present it is almost impossible. The
  developers have very well taken care of this
  aspect. Most of the military robots are remotely
  controlled by a human. And if someone has gone
  crazy then there is a reset button which clear
  there memory and they again come back to normal
  state. But with the development in artificial
  intelligence and military robots, there should be
  greater attention to implicate their ability to
  make autonomous decision.

19
Military Websites

• http//science.howstuffworks.com/military-robot4.h
  tm
• http//search.yahoo.com/r/_yltA0oGdS0sPu5PS1AA4lp
  XNyoA_yluX3oDMTE1cmtvdWRrBHNlYwNzcgRwb3MDMwRjb2x
  vA3NrMQR2dGlkA1NNRTA0MV8xNjE-/SIG128ihsrtm/EXP13
  41042348/http3a//science.howstuffworks.com/mili
  tary-robot5.htm
• http//search.yahoo.com/r/_yltA0oGdS0sPu5PS1AA4Fp
  XNyoA_yluX3oDMTE1czZiZ21qBHNlYwNzcgRwb3MDMgRjb2x
  vA3NrMQR2dGlkA1NNRTA0MV8xNjE-/SIG128a8snr1/EXP13
  41042348/http3a//science.howstuffworks.com/mili
  tary-robot2.htm
• http//search.yahoo.com/r/_yltA0oGdS0sPu5PS1AA4lp
  XNyoA_yluX3oDMTE1cmtvdWRrBHNlYwNzcgRwb3MDMwRjb2x
  vA3NrMQR2dGlkA1NNRTA0MV8xNjE-/SIG128ihsrtm/EXP13
  41042348/http3a//science.howstuffworks.com/mili
  tary-robot5.htm

20
Videos for Military Robotics

• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/robotic-truck-pr
  ototypes-drive-themselves/2sbLlkJf8Jd-VEd0NCDH9g?o
  undefinedldisver11domainask.com
• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/p-w-singer-milit
  ary-robots-and-the-future-of-war/GB64Q-BSU0fvRHIZK
  p0xmA?oundefinedldisver11domainask.comhttp
  //ask.com/videos/watch-video/boston-dynamics-bigdo
  g-robot/4CS0bnQR8Y0_mPSZhuD8Cw?oundefinedldisv
  er11domainask.com
• http//ask.com/videos/watch-video/attack-of-the-dr
  ones-usa/XjjbJzaUsU_AFwH_5_buGA?oundefinedldis
  ver11domainask.com
• http//http//www.ask.blinkx.com/watch-video/when-
  robotic-warfare-goes-wrong-do-we-need-new-rules-of
  -combat/h0BbrI7e_IhwsJ-w-RnxaQ?oundefinedldisv
  er11domainask.com
• http//www.ask.blinkx.com/watch-video/wired-for-wa
  r-robotics-and-21st-century-conflict/tmhhGmgoJaox7
  8wm_lxwsg?oundefinedldisver11domainask.com

21
From Science Fiction to Reality Personal Robots
Emerge to Improve Quality of Life at Work, Home
and School

• Its 6 a.m., and the Clarks awake to fresh coffee
  served to them by Millie, one of the familys
  personal robots. As they get ready for work,
  Millie makes the bed, and their robotic dog
  Mickey gently reminds Mr. Clark to take his
  medicine.
• Once at work, Mrs. Clark, a hospital nurse,
  assigns a personal robot to deliver blood samples
  to the lab while she talks with a patient.
  Meanwhile, Mr. Clark catches the morning news
  while his autonomous car navigates the traffic
  into the city.
• At days end, the family returns to a spotlessly
  clean home courtesy of Millies untiring work.
  The Clark children do math homework with tutoring
  from Margie, another robot. After a dinner the
  Clarks prepared based on a menu suggested by
  Millie, the family enjoys the rest of the evening
  free from chores. They sleep soundly knowing that
  Mickey is always alert to any trouble.
• This scenario is not a page from a lost
  Jetsonsscript. Its likely to be a normal day
  in the life of a family in as few as 20 years
  from now, according to robotics experts at the
  Georgia Institute of Technology.
• http//gtresearchnews.gatech.edu/personal-robots-e
  merge/

22
Personal Robots

• How to build socially engaging robots and
  interactive technologies that provide people with
  long-term social and emotional support to help
  people live healthier lives, connect with others,
  and learn better.
• Robots are an intriguing technology that can
  straddle both the physical and social world of
  people. Inspired by animal and human behavior,
  our goal is to build capable robotic creatures
  with a "living" presence, and to gain a better
  understanding of how humans will interact with
  this new kind of technology. People will
  physically interact with them, communicate with
  them, understand them, and teach them, all in
  familiar human terms. Ultimately, such robots
  will possess the social savvy, physical
  adeptness, and everyday common sense to partake
  in people's daily lives in useful and rewarding
  ways.

23
AIDA Affective Intelligent Driving Agent

• Humans are fundamentally social animals. Why not
  design cars to leverage this natural propensity
  for social interaction and understanding? We are
  working with Audi and the SENSEable City Lab to
  redefine the relationship between car, driver,
  and passengers. We are currently developing a new
  type of in-car system that acts as a partner or
  friend, providing important information, and
  intelligently responding to the mood and behavior
  of the driver.

24
Cloud-HRI

• Imagine opening your eyes and being awake for
  only a half an hour at a time. This is the life
  that robots traditionally live. This is due to a
  number of factors such as battery life and wear
  on prototype joints. Roboticists have typically
  muddled though this challenge by crafting
  handmade models of the world or performing
  machine learning with synthetic dataand
  sometimes real-world data. While robotics
  researchers have traditionally used large
  distributed systems to do perception, planning,
  and learning, cloud-based robotics aims to link
  all of a robot's experiences. This movement aims
  to build large-scale machine learning algorithms
  that use experience from large groups of people,
  whether sourced from a large number of tabletop
  robots or a large number of experiences with
  virtual agents. Large-scale robotics aims to
  change embodied AI as it changed non-embodied AI.

25
Storytelling in the Preschool of Future

• Using the Preschool of the Future environment,
  children can create stories that come to life in
  the real world. We are developing interfaces that
  enable children to author stories in the physical
  environmentstories where robots are the
  characters and children are not only the
  observers, but also the choreographers and actors
  in the stories. To do this, children author
  stories and robot behaviors using a simple
  digital painting interface. By combining the
  physical affordances of painting with digital
  media and robotic characters, stories can come to
  life in the real world. Programming in this
  environment becomes a group activity when
  multiple children use these tangible interfaces
  to program advanced robot behaviors.
• http//www.media.mit.edu/research/groups/personal-
  robots

26
Websites for Personal Robots

• http//search.yahoo.com/r/_yltA0oG7mDrR.5Pjg0AoYB
  XNyoA_yluX3oDMTE1NGl2dnF0BHNlYwNzcgRwb3MDOQRjb2x
  vA2FjMgR2dGlkA1NNRTA0MV8xNjE-/SIG12sc4vrgo/EXP13
  41044843/http3a//graceewhite.wordpress.com/2011
  /03/29/the-rise-of-personal-robots/
• http//www.gtresearchnews.gatech.edu/newsrelease/p
  ersonal_robotics.htm
• http//news.yahoo.com/personal-robots-boost-25-mil
  lion-investment-fund-160137547.html
• http//www.about-robots.com/

27
Website for Miscellaneous Robotics

• www.scribd.com/doc/39036979/Emerging-Trends-in-Rob
  otics

28
Movies featuring Robots

• http//movies.about.com/od/toppicks/tp/best-robot-
  movies.htm