Land Management and Conservation 14-3

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Land Management and Conservation 14-3

• 3/08

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• Keeping rural lands free from urbanization and in
  good shape is important because of the
  environmental services they provide

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Farmland

• US 100 billion hectares of prime farmland
• Much of it was at one time prairie or forest
• Threats urban development and erosion

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Farmland Protection

• 1996 Farmland Protection Program
• Williamson Act California 1965 specifies land
  as agricultural for less taxes

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Rangeland

• Includes grassland, shrublands and deserts
• Most commonly used for grazing

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Threats

• Overgrazing
• Results in erosion
• Changes in the plant community
• Desertification

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Conservation

• Public Rangelands Improvement Act 1978

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Methods

• Kill invasive plants
• Plant Native species
• Manage livestock
• Provide for dispersed watering for livestock
• Fence riparian areas

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Forest Lands

• Provide Wood products and paper
• Habitat for many species
• Produce Oxygen and use carbon Dioxide

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• Worldwide 1800 cubic centimeters of wood used
  per day
• In US almost 3.5 times that amount

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Classification of Forest Lands

• Virgin forest never cut

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• Native Forest Planted and Managed

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• Tree Farms Land cleared and trees planted in
  rows

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Harvesting Methods

• Clear Cutting
• Selective cutting

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Deforestation

• Forest cleared to make farmland or to expand
  urbanization
• Loss of habitat and erosion of soil

Amazon deforestation
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Reforestation

• Replanting of trees or allowing natural
  succession to take place

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Parks and Preserves

• 1850 Yellowstone first National Park

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In United States

• National Parks
• National Forests
• National Wildlife Refuges
• Bureau of Land Management
• State Parks, Forests and Preserves
• Private Conservancies

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Worldwide

• United Nation Man and the Biosphere Program
• Set up hundreds of preserves worldwide include
  people

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US Wilderness Act 1964

• Ecosystems protected from all exploitation
• Benefits species diversity
• Recreation
• Science