Seawater Aquaria for Georgia Coastal Marine Life

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Seawater Aquaria for Georgia Coastal Marine Life

• Marine Science Program
• Savannah State University
• Dr. M. Gilligan

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I. Equipment and materials

• A. System open and closed
• B. Filtration
• 1. Mechanical (removes particles)
• 2. Chemical (buffers)
• 2. Biological (microbes)
• C. Substrate - pH regulation
• D. Water
• 1. sea salt mix
• 2. natural
• E. Temperature and light

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Every breath you take..
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Component Symbol Volume Volume
Nitrogen N2 78.084 99.998
Oxygen O2 20.947 99.998
Argon Ar 0.934 99.998
Carbon Dioxide CO2 0.033 99.998
Neon Ne 18.2 parts per million 18.2 parts per million
Helium He 5.2 parts per million 5.2 parts per million
Krypton Kr 1.1 parts per million 1.1 parts per million
Sulfur dioxide SO2 1.0 parts per million 1.0 parts per million
Methane CH4 2.0 parts per million 2.0 parts per million
Hydrogen H2 0.5 parts per million 0.5 parts per million
Nitrous Oxide N2O 0.5 parts per million 0.5 parts per million
Xenon Xe 0.09 parts per million 0.09 parts per million
Ozone O3 0.07 parts per million 0.07 parts per million
Nitrogen dioxide NO2 0.02 parts per million 0.02 parts per million
Iodine I2 0.01 parts per million 0.01 parts per million
Carbon monoxide CO trace trace
Ammonia NH3 trace trace
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Nitrogen (N)

• The nitrogen cycle is complex in part because of
  the many chemical forms of N Organic-N NO3
  NH4 gases N2, N2O, NO NO2 (NOx).
• (NO), Nitric oxide
• (NO2), Nitrogen dioxide
• (N2O), Nitrous oxide
• (N2) diatomic oxygen
• (NO2) nitrite
• (NO3) nitrate
• (NH4) ammonia, (NH3-) ammonium
• Accounting - distribution of N in grams times
  1015.
• Rocks and sediments 190,400,120(deep,
  unavailable)
• Atmosphere 3,900,000
• Ocean 23,348
• Soils 460
• Land plants 14
• land animals 0.2

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Nitrogen Pathways and Reactions

• N2 to organic-N called "N-fixation" (plants and
  humans)
• Organic-N to NH4 "mineralization" (by bacteria
  and fungi)
• NH4 to NO3- , producing NO2 and N2O
  "nitrification" (by bacteria)
• NO3- to N2 , producing N2O "denitrification"
  (by bacteria)
• NO3- NH4 to organic-N "photosynthesis"
  (uptake by plants)

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Eduction pipe lift pumpInvented by German mining
engineer Carl Loescher in 1797
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For tropical reef aquaria
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II. Setting up and cycling

• A. Tank placement
• B. Assembly
• C. Cycling
• http//saltaquarium.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.h
  tm?zi1/XJsdnsaltaquariumzuhttp3A2F2Freefso
  urces.itgo.com2Fguide2Fbiological.html

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III. Animals and plants

• A. How many?
• B. What kinds? - Fish, crabs, shrimp, barnacles,
  oysters, sea shells, anemones, gorgonians,
  starfish, urchins, worms, sand dollars, algae
  (sea weeds). Avoid sea cucumbers, sponges, and
  large fish.

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IV. Maintenance

• A. Evaporation and water changes
• B. Cleaning
• C. Feeding
• D. Problems and tips
• 1. Cloudy water and mortalities
• 2. Diseases and copper
• 3. Water color

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VI. Collecting your own specimens

• A. Collecting
• Temperature, aeration, biomass/vol.
• B. Handling and transporting
• Containers dark and insulated

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VII. Maintaining and feeding

• Community tank
• No questionable additions
• Do not feed for three days
• Feed M,W, F only
• No uneaten food, dead or decaying matter in tank
  at all
• Return all unhealthy to nature OR have intensive
  care tank