Chapter 14: Renaissance

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Chapter 14RenaissanceReformation
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RENAISSANCE1300s - 1500

• rebirth

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Section 1 Renaissance in Italy

• Begins in Italy ? spreads north to Europe

Why Italy?

• New interest in Rome and its remainders

• Cities survive the Middle Ages

• North ? Florence, Milan, Venice, and Genoa
  (trade manufacturing
• Central ? Rome South ? Naples ? ? cultural
  center

• Wealthy and Powerful merchant class

• stress education and achievement
• spend lots of

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Florence

• Center of Renaissance

• Medici Family richest merchant and banking
  family
• gain full control government
• patron financial supporter of the arts

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What is the Renaissance?

• Plague ends ? want order ? look back to Greece
  and Rome

HUMANISM focus on worldly subjects not
religious focus on intellect and education use
ancient ideas in their world

• Individualism Talents adventure curiosity
• Human experience in the here and now

PETRARCH early Humanist ? collects Greek and
Roman manuscripts write sonnets (love poems)
about a woman
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Renaissance Characteristics

• Religious figures portrayed in Greek and Roman
  style
• Everyday individuals
• Columns, arches, domes
• Shading and shadows
• Live models more accurate human portrayal
• Perspective distant objects are smaller to make
  a 3-D, realistic painting

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Perspective
Vanishing point
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The Totally Masterful New Talents
TMNT
Leonardo
Raphael
Michelangelo
Donatello
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Donatello

• very Early Renaissance
• Life - size
• Realistic

DAVID
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Leonardo DaVinci

• Born in 1452
• Renaissance Man
• Painting Art Anatomy Botany Optics
  Architecture Music Engineering

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The Last Supper
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The Annunciation
Mona Lisa
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Scientific and Anatomical Study
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INVENTOR Machine gun Armored tank Cluster
bombs Submarine Calculator Car Use of solarpower
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Michelangelo

• Born in 1475
• Sculptor, engineer, painter, architect and poet
• Fresco applying paint to fresh plaster usually
  on a wall

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David
Pieta
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Garden of Eden
The Creation
The Sistine Chapel
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Sistine Chapel The Last Judgement
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Raphael

• Studied the works of Michelangelo and Raphael
• Portrays tender Jesus and Madonna

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School of Athens
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Italian Writers

• Catiglione The Book of the Courtier
• - describes how to act as a member of the royal
  court describes ideal man and woman

• Machiavelli The Prince
• - guide for rulers on how to gain and maintain
  power
• - looks at real rulers
• - the ends justifies the means do not have to
  keep promises

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Section 2 The Renaissance Moves North

• Begins in Flanders (near North France)
• Spain, France, Germany, and England begin
  Renaissance in 1500s

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Albrecht Durer

• German Leonardo
• Traveled to Italy to learn about art and
  techniques(1494)
• Engravings etch design into metal plate with
  acid and makes prints.
• Portrays religious upheaval.

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Flemish Painters

• Jan Hubert van Eyck
• - portray townspeople
• and realistic images
• Develop oil paint

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Pietr Bruegel - Bright colors in portrayal of
peasant life
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Peter Paul Rubens - Blends ideas of Bruegel and
Italian Renaissance
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Northern Humanists

• ERASMUS (Dutch)
• - produces New Testament in Greek
• - wants translation of Bible into
• vernacular everyday language of ordinary
  people
• - chief duty be open minded and of good will
  toward others
• - The Praise of Folly uses humor to show the
  ignorant and immoral behavior of his day

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• Thomas More
• Wants social reform
• Utopia describes ideal society where men and
  women live in peace and harmony everyone is
  educated
• Utopian describes an ideal society

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WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

• 1590-1613
• 37 plays
• Comedies (A Midsummer Nights Dream)
• History (Richard III)
• Tragedies (Romeo and Juliet Othello Macbeth)
• 1,700 new words bedroom, lonely, generous,
  gloomy, heartsick

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CERVANTES

• Spain early 1600s
• Don Quixote mocks chivalry
• Knight who pretends to be on an adventure
• Fights a windmill

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Printing revolution

• Chinese make books first
• By 1300 papermaking in Europe
• By 1400s Germans invent movable type
• 1456 Johann Gutenberg prints first Bible using
  movable type

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Literacy Revolution

• More books cheaper books more people read and
  write!!!!!
• Ideas spread! (ppl. are exposed to new things for
  the first time)

Protestant Reformation