The Soviet Union in the Stalinist Era (1924

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The Soviet Union in the Stalinist Era (192453)

• OUTLINE
• Lenin to Stalin
• Five Year Plans
• -Industrial
• -Agricultural
• Great Purges
• Soviet Propaganda

• Major Ideas
• After death of Lenin, Josef Stalin seized
  complete control of USSR
• Instituted a harsh form of political reform
  through violence and terror
• Called it Communism, but wasnt. USSR had a
  Totalitarian govt

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From Lenin to Stalin

• Bolsheviks won civil war, but ruined the economy
  in 1920s
• (after Russian Civil War)
• Land industry destroyed
• Led to extreme famine where 5090 of pop were
  starving

• Lenin began the NEP (New Economic Policy) and the
  USSR began to recover
• Lenin died in 1924 which led to a power vacuum
  fight for control (Leon Trotsky v. Josef Stalin)
• Stalin ultimately seized power (had Trotsky
  killed)

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Josef Stalins Rule

• Wanted major econ social reforms for USSR at
  any cost
• Demanded total power and control known as
  Totalitarianism (a twisted
• perversion of comm where the power belongs to
  everyone)
• Ppl in USSR were terrorized by his secret
  police
• 30 million pol opponents were killed

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Stalins Five Year Plans
Purpose was to make USSR modern b/c it was
way behind the West

• Industrial Changes
• Communized industry (govt owned allno
  business was privately owned in USSR)
• Industrial output increased 250
• Ppl forced to workcared for by govt,
• but not v. well

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• Agricultural Changes
• Collectivizationall peasants worked on govt
  owned farms called collectives
• 193890 of peasants lived on collectives
• Ppl had to give food to govt 1st (for workers in
  the cities who were the priority) not much left
  for them
• In a famine in 1932, 10 million peasants died

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The Great Purges

• Kulaks rural peasants (mostly in modern day
  Ukraine southern Russia) who did not want
  collectivization
• Stalin declared them enemies of
• the state b/c they disagreed with him
• Millions allowed to starve, killed or
• re-located to Siberia in 1930s

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Re-Education Camps

• Called gulagsmostly in Siberia (harsh climate,
  very isolated).
• Idea was that they would become good Communists
  thru work
• Millions of enemies were
• worked to death

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Soviet Propaganda

• Indoctrination was vital for control of ppl in
  USSR
• No free pressall info came from Stalin
• Used prop to show success of 5 yr plans
• Prop was very contrary to the reality of life in
  USSR

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