Transcription and Translation

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Transcription and Translation
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II. RNA

• - Nucleic acid that makes protein
• - Made of RNA nucleotides

Ribonucleic Acid
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A. RNA Structure

• - Comparison of DNA and RNA
• DNA RNA
• Shape double helix single helix
• Sugar deoxyribose ribose
• Base thymine uracil
• Size very large smaller
• Location nucleus cytoplasm
• Function - stores genetic - makes
• info protein
• - replication
• - makes RNA

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B. Transcription

• - process by which DNA makes a copy of RNA

DNA base pairs separate
DNA half transcribes RNA
Original DNA
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Transcription First Two Steps
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Transcription Last Step
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Three Types of RNA
mRNA
codons
Largesubunit
Ribosomecontains rRNA
tRNA docking sites
Smallsubunit
Met
Amino acid
tRNA
anticodon
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C. Messenger RNA (mRNA)

• - carries the information for making a protein
  from DNA to the ribosomes
• - acts as a template (pattern)
• - contains codons
• triplets of bases that code for a
  particular amino acid

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D. Transfer RNA (tRNA)

• transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the
  mRNA
• this builds the newly forming protein strand

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Information Flow
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III. Translation

• - decoding the "message" of mRNA into a protein

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Translation Initiation
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Translation Elongation 1
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Translation Elongation 2
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Translation Elongation 3
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Translation Elongation 4
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Translation Elongation 5
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Translation Termination