The United Nations - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The United Nations

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... Japan seeks to reduce Human Rights Commission Membership by countries that violate HR Security Council The United Nations UN Charter UN established in 1945, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The United Nations


1
The United Nations
2
UN Charter
  • UN established in 1945, San Francisco Meeting
  • 51 member countries originally
  • 191 member countries today
  • Inter-government organization
  • UN charter
  • Principle of sovereignty
  • Principle of non-intervention
  • Collective security
  • National self determination, but secondary to
    sovereignty

3
International Institutions(AKA International
Regimes)
  • International law
  • UN Security Council Resolution, Treaties
  • International organizations/agencies
  • UN, World Bank, World Trade Organization
  • Soft law/rules
  • UN General Assembly resolutions
  • International norms, principles, practices
  • Free commerce, sovereignty, accountability,
    anti-apartheid, human rights, womens rights

4
UN Core Institutions
  • General Assembly
  • One country, one vote, two-thirds majority
  • Resolutions
  • Budget
  • Security Council
  • 5 permanent members
  • 10 rotating members
  • Decision 9 out of 15
  • UN Secretariat
  • Secretary General

5
Specialized Programs
  • United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)
  • United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF)
  • Unite Nations Development Program (UNDP)
  • Office of the United Nations High Commissioner
    for Human Rights (OHCHR)

6
Specialized Agencies
  • World Health Organization (WHO)
  • International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
  • World Bank Group
  • International Monetary Fund (IMF)
  • Etc., etc

7
UN and Conflict Prevention
  • Cold War
  • SC blocked by bi-polar interests
  • Collective Security action
  • Gulf war 1991
  • US hegemony and intervention without
    authorization
  • Kosovo 1999
  • Iraq 2003

8
UN Reform
  • Budget
  • US went from 30 to 25, Japan seeks to reduce
  • Human Rights Commission
  • Membership by countries that violate HR
  • Security Council
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