Human Resource Management

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Human Resource Management Organisational
Development
By Dr Amanda Marshall-Ponting licensed
under the Creative Commons Attribution
Non-Commercial Share Alike License
http//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/

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Structure of the work package
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Structure of the work package
Tests, reflective questions problem scenarios
Theoretical models key debates
Additional reading
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Management, what is it?

• To manage is to forecast and plan, to organise,
  to command, to coordinate and to control
• (Fayol, 1916)
• And
• Organizations are set up to achieve purposes
  that individuals cannot achieve on their own.
  Organizations then provide a means of working
  with others to achieve goals...likely to be
  determined by whoever is in the best position to
  influence them... A key characteristic of
  organizations is their complexity.
• (Stewart, 1994)

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Main management schools of thought
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Classical management theories

• This section presents the classical management
  theories associated with
• Henri Fayol
• Fredrick Taylor
• Max Weber

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Classical management theories Fayols
principles of management
Structural principle Social principle
Division of work Discipline
Authority responsibility Subordination of individual interests to general interest
Unity of command Remuneration
Unity of direction Equity
Centralisation Stability of personnel tenure
Scalar chain Initiative
Order Esprit de corps
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Classical management theories Taylors
scientific management
1913
1914
12.5 hours
1.5 hours on assembly line
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Classical management theories Webers
bureaucratic management

• The importance of authority in enabling the
  organisation to become operationally more
  efficient.
• 3 basic types of authority
• Traditional authority accepted based on
  tradition
• Charismatic loyalty based on personal qualities
  of the ruler
• Rational-legal based upon a persons position
  and bounded by rules procedures

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Social management theories Elton Mayo

• Two identical assembly lines
• Work conditions were changed for one assembly
  line
• Production increased no
• matter how the conditions
• changed

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Social management theories Herzbergs two
factor theory
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Social management theories Maslow hierarchy of
needs
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Social management theories Druckers management
by objectives
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Recruitment, selection, retention
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Staff motivation and turnover

• EXERCISE 1 You can motivation and its impact
  upon staff turnover by completing exercise 1.
• This exercise asks you to think about why staff
  turnover rates vary between industries or sectors
  and the factors that may account for these
  differences.

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Reward management

• One means of maintaining staff motivation
• Incentives include salaries, bonuses,
  commission, profit sharing
• An employees intrinsic needs should also be met
  by incentives such as
• Job variety
• Recognition
• Responsibility and decision-making opportunities
• Career and skills development

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Reward management

• McKenna Beech (2002) identified five main types
  of reward schemes
• Time rates
• Payment by results
• Individual/group performance pay
• Profit related pay
• Cafeteria or flexible benefits

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Motivation and incentive schemes in your company

• Exercise 3 asks you to think about the company
  you are working for and identify the different
  incentives that are used to motivate different
  parts of the work force.

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Appraisal

• Provides opportunity to
• monitor reward performance
• Identify personal career aspiration s training
  needs
• Aims to correct performance or behaviour
  deficiencies whilst rewarding and maintaining
  good practice

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The appraisal process
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Appraisal good practice

• The appraiser needs
• To be informed about the appraisee attendance,
  outputs, commitment
• To be sensitive focus on the issues rather than
  personal issues
• To emphasise the opportunity to mutually agree
  objectives plans to achieve them
• To summarise main actions points
• To try and provide feedback outside of formal
  appraisals

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Conclusions

• This presentation has provided an overview of the
  HRM and organisational performance learning
  package.
• To deepen your understanding, you should work
  through
• Background document
• Exercises and reflective questions
• Additional reading

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Reading