THE ART OF ARCHITECTURE BASED ON MULTIDISCIPLINARY ENGINEERING ASPECTS

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THE ART OF ARCHITECTURE BASED ON
MULTIDISCIPLINARY ENGINEERING ASPECTS
Author Dr inz. arch. Zbyszko Bujniewicz Silesian
University of Technology, Faculty of
Architecture, ul. Akademicka 7, 44-100 Gliwice,

• ICEE 2005

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The aim

• The aim is to present the results of design
  process when interdisciplinary engineering
  indications have the main influence to the form
  of architecture.

The item of project

• big indoor waterpark.
• saving energy and media are very important at
  that case.
• It was paid attention to the collection of the
  solar energy.
• The quality of architecture was the next problem
  but not the form.

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The method

• So the design process was switched, the designers
  start to think about energy and other engineering
  factors before building the forms. After the
  rational indications the forms and other material
  solutions were chosen

The process of design
modified procedure
Standard procedure
Item Inspiration
Item expectations
Architecture form design of the building
Engineering estimations
Engineering estimations
Architecture form design of the building
Engineering and architectural solutions
Engineering and architectural solutions
Coordination Completing the project
Coordination Completing the project
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Engineering aspects
The main engineering questions were How to take
the solar energy? How to manage the energy
including the water transformation and treatment?
How to prevent the building from the heat loss?

• The engineering aspects was grouped
• Solar energy gain methods
• Gradient of temperature at internal functions.
• Energy saving shapes.
• Additional insulation and secure from heating
  loose
• Transparent to non-transparent parts proportion
  at the glass dome.
• Transforming the energy through water and
  humidity control.

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Solar energy gain.

• It is a lot of methods of solar energy gain.
• The methods are classified to active and passive.
  
• To install the water-heating collectors or to
  built the sufficient solar spaces of the object?
• The panels for solar energy gain are difficult in
  point of economy view
• the decision to build the parts of the
  building, taking the solar energy.
• The solar water collector is built from
• water as the medium, empty space and a glass
  cover.
• The mentioned parts can be the parts of
  waterpark.
• The decision was to create the transparent roof
  of the main swimming pool hall.
• .

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ENERGY SAVING

• It is well known that the quantity of heat loose
  is proportional to the gradient of temperature,
  and the external surface area, and the value of
  the material factor

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Gradient of temperature at internal functions.
The internal functions of waterpark need to be
heated to the temperature adequate to the user
activity. There are the spaces where the people
are wet in the swimwear only, the dry body in
swimwear, the changing area, the dressed area and
the commercial area.

• The internal spaces have temperature from 300C to
  200C.
• To secure smallest heat loose it is suitable to
  place the hottest functions in the centre and the
  colder one at outside skin
• The swimming hall was placed in the centre,
  surrounded with the supportive functions.

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Energy saving shapes.

• the sphere external surface area is the smallest
  for the same volume. next box on circle or
  square.
• So the solution was to construct the building at
  the circle layout with the spherical dome over
  the hottest function

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Transparent to non-transparent parts proportion
at the glass dome.

• The transparent materials are not good in point
  of insulation.
• part of dome is not transparent with proper
  layers of insulation.
• To gain as much as possible the solar energy by
  lighting the swimming hall, it was paid attention
  to the sun position at winter and summer
• As the result of the analysing, it was the
  interesting shape of solid part of dome

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Additional insulation and securing from heating
loose.

• The significant part of waterpark interior has
  the temperature higher then the standard
  building. It is about 300C to 320C
• at the standard building it is 200C The mean
  external temperature in the year at Polish
  climate zone is 80C
• difference between the internal end external
  temperatures is
• 120C for standard building
• 240C for the hot area.
• So insulation must be twice to have the same heat
  stream

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Convection

• it is bigger at windy area.
• The solution to surround the building with the
  scarp and the lines of high trees
• the plants on the facade have the role to secure
  the building from heat loose.

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Transforming the energy through water and
humidity control

• Possibility to connect the obligatory
  air-conditioning and water treatment technology
  to one system.
• The water is the media that physically connects
  elements of the system. Based on the water
  specific propriety the energy starts to circulate
  like in the natural atmosphere.
• The necessary technological equipment at
  waterpark is very helpful to create the nature
  friendly building.
• The water transformations are the physical rules
  that makes this possible like in no other kind of
  building

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The result
The building of waterpark was create

• The shapes makes the interesting view.
• Modern character of the building
• The ecological care is the representative
  feeling.
• positive perception The glasses dome the circular
  (astronomical) shape and the natural elements
• possibility to use the building at marketing
  action using the day and night view The day view
  with the glass dome shining on the sunrays and
  the night view to the lighted space of the
  tropical interior are the unforgettable
  impressions.