The Search for MB Alternatives Continues During 2005

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The Search for MB Alternatives Continues During
2005.
University of Georgia Tifton Campus
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OBJECTIVES

1. Find effective and economical alternatives
2. Reduce the amount of MB used in GA

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Efforts Have Focused

1. Fumigants
2. Mulch Types
3. Herbicides

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Fumigants and Rates (2002 to 2004)

1. Methyl Bromide
2. Chloropicrin
3. Vapam
4. Telone II fb chloropicrin
5. Telone II fb metam
6. Telone C35 fb chloropicrin
7. MIDAS
8. DMDS alone and with chloropicrin

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Spring 2005 Efforts

• Replicated small plot research trials
• Replicated field trials (10-20 acres)
• Demonstration trials (gt120 acres)
• Evaluated over 30 possible fumigant combinations

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Fall 2005 Efforts

1. Compared three fumigant alternatives
2. Compared various types of plastic mulch

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Fumigant Options

• Telone II fb Chloropicrin fb Vapam

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Telone II (12 G) fb Vapam (75 G)
V4-05, 60 DAT
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Telone C35 (35 G) fb Pic (150 lbs)
V4-05, 60 DAT
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Telone II (12 G) fb Chloropicrin (150 lbs) fb
Vapam (75 G)
V4-05, 60 DAT
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Fumgiant Options

• Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam
• MIDAS (methyl iodide plus chloropicrin)
• DMDS (dimethyl disulfide plus chloropicrin)
• MB (methyl bromide plus chloropicrin)
• None

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Soil Properties and Application Method Will Play
A Crucial Role
Picture provided by Tony Weiss, Dow Agro.
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MIDAS, Bromide, Pic and Exp.
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Applications of Telone II
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nozzles for KPAM
rototiller blades
Vapam Application
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Second Attempt
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Metam Application
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Fall Fumgiant Treatments

• Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam
• MIDAS (methyl iodide plus chloropicrin)
• DMDS (dimethyl disulfide plus chloropicrin)
• MB (methyl bromide plus chloropicrin)
• None

Rates are broadcast Telone II 12 G,
chlororpicrin 150 lb, Vapam 75 G MIDAS (5050
mixture) 350 lbs DMDS (8020 mixture) 750 lbs
MB (6733) 350 lbs.
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Mulches

1. Low density polyethylene (2 types)
2. Metalized smooth (2 brands)
3. Metalized embossed
4. VIF (2 brands)

LDPE mulch white on black, metalized mulch silver
on white, VIF black on black
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Searching For Methyl Bromide Alternatives To
Manage Nutsedge A. Stanley Culpepper and MANY
others University of Georgia
Treatments and Fumigants Applied July 14,
2005 Prelude II Squash Planted on August 10,
2005. Photos taken on August 30, 2005. See
Summary Information for application procedures
etc.
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In Field Cooperators

• Hendrix and Dale
• John Mirusso
• Dow Agro Sciences

Arvesta Cerexagri
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Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants. Ponder
Farm, 2005.
Fumigants
LDPE
MB 76 ab
MIDAS 79 a
DMDS 69 ab
T2PicVapam 77 ab
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Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants. Ponder
Farm, 2005.
Fumigants
LDPE
MB 76 ab (450)
MIDAS 79 a (??)
DMDS 69 b (??)
T2PicVapam 77 ab (362)
Culpeppers cost per acre for 2006. Three way
24 cheaper than MB at 350 lb.
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Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied
Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005.
Metalized Smooth
Fumigants
LDPE
MB 76 de 94 ab
MIDAS 79 cd 94 ab
DMDS 69 e 99 a
T2PicVapam 77 de 87 bc
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Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied
Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005.
Metalized
embossed
Fumigants
LDPE
smooth
MB 76 cde 94 ab 82 bc
MIDAS 79 cd 94 ab 83 bc
DMDS 69 def 99 a 65 ef
T2PicVapam 77 cd 87 abc 63 f
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Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied
Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005.
Metalized
embossed
VIF
Fumigants
LDPE
smooth
MB 76 c-f 94 ab 82 bcd 100 a
MIDAS 79 cde 94 ab 83 bcd 100 a
DMDS 69 def 99 a 65 ef 98 a
T2Pic Vapam 77 c-f 87 abc 63 f 90 abc
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No fumigant
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MB 350 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
White Surface
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MB 350 lb/A Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
Silver Surface
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MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
White Surface
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MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
Silver Surface
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Telone II (12 Gal) fb Pic (150 lb) fb Vapam (75
G) Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
White Surface
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Telone II (12 Gal) fb Pic (150 lb) fb Vapam (75
G) Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
Silver Surface
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DMDS 750 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
White Surface
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DMDS 750 lbs Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
Silver Surface
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• Much research is still needed on metalized
  mulches
• Interval between fumigating and planting.

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Transplanted 21 DAT
VIF
LDPE
Telone II fb chloropicrin
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• Much research is still needed on metalized
  mulches
• Interval between fumigating and planting.
• Difficulty to lay.
• Flaking.
• Longevity compared to standard LDPE mulch.
• Verify results noted in this trial.
• Higher price.

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Cost of Systems Per Acre, 2006.
Metalized
Fumigants
LDPE
smooth
MB 748 1008
MIDAS ?? ??
DMDS ?? ??
T2Pic Vapam 659 920
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Can we reduce the rate of these fumigants when
applied under metalized smooth mulch?
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Number of Nutsedge Emerged Through Mulch with
Methyl Bromide Applied Under LDPE or Metalized
Smooth Mulch. 4 WAT. LTF, Fall 2005.
Plots were 3 beds by 1500 row feet. Counts made
on 3 beds 400 row feet.
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Not Saying There is a Consistent MB Alternative
BUT its Time to Try Some Things!!
Questions or Comments?