????officials: ????(legislation/enforcement)

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???? ????everyone is responsible

• ????officials ????(legislation/enforcement)
• ?????S H E personnel ????(monitor/blow
  whistle)
• ????technology ????solve problems
• ????public ????duteously

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???????????(Related Government Divisions)

• ??? Dept. of Economics(???) ????/????????/?????(
  new factory/S H E of industrial region/risk
  evaluation)
• ???EPA ????hygiene/????toxic material/???????(ou
  tside factory),??????????????
• ???(Labor Dept)??????????(inside factory)
• ???(Dept of Interior) ?????? (????)(accidents/po
  lice/firefighting)

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• ???(Agriculture commission) ????pesticide
• ???(Dept. of transportation) ??????????(transpor
  tation of dangerous chemicals)
• ???(Dept of Health) ???????/????(medical
  issues)
• ???(Dept of defense) ????, ??????????(counsel
  on toxic/explosive materials)

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????Government Laws)
???EPA ?????????(toxic materials) ???
???????/?????/? ?????/?????????
?/????????/???? ????/ ???
?????????? ??? ???(fire fight law) ??? ??????
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????????

• ?? ???????(Labor S E law)
• ???? ?????(at lease 40 related regulations)
• ???????(all professions)
• ????????(hazardous materials)?????
• ???????(dangerous machinery)??????
• ???????(special profession)???
• ?????????(fire control)

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http//www.iosh.gov.tw
????, ??????????
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??????????(all professions)

• ?? (????some examples)
• ? ???????????(regulations)
• ? ??????????(utilities)
• ? ????????????(education training)
• ? ?????????????????(management
  organization/self-inspection)
• ? ????????????(measurement of operating
  environment)
• ? ???????????????????(permissible standards of
  hazardous materials in the operating environment)

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? ??????????(rules on high pressure gas) ?
????????????(S H standards for high pressure
gas) ? ???????????(General education regulations
on dangerous and hazardous materials) ?
?????(Labor inspection law) ? ??????????????(exam
ination and inspection of dangerous workplace)
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??(prevention)???????

• ??????????(prevention of poison by organic
  solvents)
• ?(lead Pb)??????
• ????(C8H20Pb????)??????
• ??????(specific)????
• ??(dust)??????
• ???(anoxic)???? (anaerobic??)

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??(specific chemicals)??????????

• ?????????????(four categories), ????(separate
  rules)
• ????(basic idea) ????(closed /airtight
  environment)/ ????(isolated equipment)/
  ??????(personal protection)/ ????????(sensor and
  alarm)

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• ??(A) ???????, ???(high toxic)/????(high
  dangerous),?????(prohibit employee to
  operate/manufacture or use these
  chemicals)??????????????
• ??(B) ????(next), ?????????????, ??????????(need
  permission)
• ??(C) ??????????????(necessary equipments
  according to standards)
• ??(D) ?????(irritative gases), ?????(special
  protection)

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???????????(dangerous machinery and equipment)

• ??(boiler)?????(pressure vessels)????(safety
  rules)
• ?????????????(construction standards)
• ??????(elevator)????
• ??????????????(examination on behalf of
  authority)????(management rule)
• ????????????????(fee)??

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????(special profession)???

• ??????????
• ??????????
• ????(ship breaker)????????
• ????????????
• ????(loading at wharf/dock)????????
• ???????????????
• ????????
• ????????????

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????(fire prevention and fighting)???

• ???
• ???????
• ????(all kinds of places)??????????
• ?????????????????
• ?????(oil storage)????(gas station)??????

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??????????????(S H management and organization)

• ???? ???????(consult research)??????????(commit
  tee) ??????(daily operation)???????????
• ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????
• ???? ??????planning ???????????? ???????
  ??inspection,????routine check-up,??????
  ????training ???????physical exam
  ??????accident statistics ??????????

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????????Training

• ??????????????,??????chief of related
  division,????????????,??????,????????????training
  for general operators?
• ???? (A? ?????100 B? 100 ??????30 C? ????
  lt30) ????(training hours)???41, 33,
  13??,?????????
• ??????(chief/manager) ??????????(??)?????????????
  ?

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?????????????

• ????boiler????
• ? ?A??? (????heat transfer area over 500 m2??)
  117 hours
• ? ?B??? (????50 - 500 m2??) 105 hours
• ? ?C??? (??????50 m2) 65 hours
• ? ?????1st type pressure vessel?? 60 hours
• ? ????high gas pressure equipment???? 60 hours
• ?????????pass the certificate exam/get the
  certificate

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???????????S H training for general persons

• ?????????(first aid person),???????????16 hours
  (training)
• ????(new employee),??????????,????????????????????
  ? (general S H training for 3 hours)
• ????,????????,????(dangerous or hazardous
  chemicals),???3 hours????(extra hours of training)

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?????(Labor Inspection)

• ??????? ?????????(dangerous workplace),??????????
  ?????(has to pass the review/inspection process)
  ,???????????????(should not let labor to work at
  that workplace)
• ????????????????(petroleum related industries)
• ????????(pesticide manufacturing)
• ????????????????(fire cracker/ ammunition)
• ????????????????(high pressure vessel /
  boiler),????????????????(pressure/capacity larger
  than certain value)

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5. ??,??,?????,???(dangerous /hazardous
materials)???(quantity)???????????????? 6.
????????????????????????????(special
construction) 7. ???????????????(others)
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???(application)

• ????????????(basic information)
• ??????????????(site investigation report)
• ?????????(process safety)
• ????????(modification)
• ??????(training)
• ??????(auto-inspection)
• ??????(contractor)
• ??????(emergency response plan)
• ? ????????,???????? ????????????????
  ??????,??????

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??????????(general rules on poison from organic
solvents)

• ???,????????
• (a) ??? ??????,????,????,????,1,2-????,1,2-????,
  1,1,2,2,????
• (b) ??? ????,???,???,????????
• (c) ??? ??????, ????,????,???,???,???,???,????
• ????????(1st type toxic),???????(2nd
  flammable),???????????(3rd less dangerous)?

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??????????(2)

• ???????operation,???????????airtight/ closed
  equipment???,??????????local ventilation??,????ove
  rall ventilation????????
• ?????????? ????????????????1/20(open area/floor
  area), ?????3????
• ??????(indoor operation),???????/?????,???????????
  (permissible consumption)?
• ?????????,??????????????????????
• ????????? ??????,??????????????? ??????

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??????????(permissible consumption)

• ??????????
• ???1st ????? 1/15 x ???????volume of operation
  place
• ???2nd ????? 2/5 x ???????
• ???3rd ????? 3/2 x ???????
• ??????? ??gm ??volume?? m3
• ????150 m3, ???150 m3??(maximum)
• ??????????????4 m above ground?????

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???????????(overall ventilation)

• ??? ??????per minute ??????one hour ??????? x
  0.3
• ????????? ????????????? x 0.04
• ????????? ????????????? x 0.01
• ???(minute)?????capacity m3
• ?????????????? gram
• ??? ?????????
• ? ??????????????????

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?????????
??????????????????? (estimate of quantity of
organic vapor in contact with operator taken
from Crowl Louvar textbook)
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????????(?)

• ????rate of evaporation???? Qm (Psat p)
  p ????????????
• ?? M ???molecular weight A ????evaporating
  area Rg ???? K ???????mass transfer
  coefficient Ko reference ??water??, Ko 0.83
  cm/sec

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????????(environment determination)

• ???????(chemical or physical factors),???????????,
  ???????,????????????
• ?????(qualified person or laboratory)?????,???????
  ????,??????????
• ???????,??????,??????,??????????????,??????,??,?,?
  ???????
• ??(record preserved)????????,??????,??????(??)????
  (??????)(3, 5, 30 years)

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???????????(Others)

• ??????toxic materials ??????EPA
• ????????transportation ???Ministry of
  Communication
• ??????fire fighting ???Fire Service
• ????medical ???Dept. of Health
• ????pesticide ???Agriculture
• ????,??????? ?????Dept. of Defense
• ????fire ???police dept.
• ?????????factory registration ???Economics
• ???????radiation ??????Atomic energy commission
• ????? CNS??????,????,????

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??USA?????????

• The Clean Air Act
• The Clean Water Act
• Occupational Safety and Health Act
• Toxic Substances Control Act
• Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation
  and Liability Act
• The Superfund Amendments and Regulation Act
• - Emergency Planning and Community
  Right-to-Know Act
• The Pollution Prevention Act
• Process Safety Management (PSM)