MATURATION

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• MATURATION
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To MATURE

• Means to become fully grown or developed
• Right now you are maturing in many ways

• Your endocrine reproductive systems help you to
  mature
• Changes occur in your body in how you think
  feel

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The Endocrine System

• Consists of glands that produce hormones
• Is the chemical communication system that
  controls many body functions.

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• Hormone- Chemical messenger in bloodstream that
  controls many body activities are secreted by
  glands

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• Gland- Group of cells or organ that secretes a
  substance
• Pituitary
• Thyroid
• Parathyroid
• Adrenal
• Pineal Body
• Reproductive

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The Pituitary Gland

• -At base of brain
• Pea-sized
• Master Gland
• Coordinates the endocrine nervous systems
• Stimulates other endocrine glands to release
  their hormones

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The Ovaries

• Female reproductive glands
• Produce egg cells estrogen
• Estrogen- Female sex hormone that controls the
  development of secondary sex characteristics
  during puberty

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The Testes

• 2 male reproductive glands
• Produce sperm cells testosterone
• Testosterone- Male sex hormone that controls the
  development of secondary sex characteristics

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Puberty

• Stage where secondary sex characteristics appear
• Females- 8-15
• Males- 12-15

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Adolescence
A simple definition is the time of life between
childhood adulthood.
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SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS THAT OCCUR DURING
PUBERTY ---------------------------------- MALES
-Deepening of voice -Growth of facial
hair -Growth of underarm hair -Muscle
Growth -Growth of pubic hair -Start of sperm
development -Increase in ht. of 4-12
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SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS THAT OCCUR DURING
PUBERTY ---------------------------------- FEMALE
S -Widening of hips -Breast development -Growth
of underarm hair -Growth of pubic hair -Start of
menstruation -Formation of mature eggs -Increase
in ht. of 2-8
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HOMEOSTASISA state of chemical balance
regularity in our bodies
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During puberty

• You may experience slight mood changes during
  puberty due to hormone level changes

• If the changes occurring in your body bother you,
  discuss them with a parent or doctor

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Problems of the Endocrine System Extra Credit

• Underactive / Overactive Thyroid
• Dwarfism
• Type 2 Diabetes
• Gigantism
• Type 1 Diabetes
• Hypogonadism
• Gynecomastia

-1-2 Pages -Write or type -Cite your source(s)
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Reproductive System

• Are the body systems that consist of the body
  organs that produce offspring

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Female Reproductive System
Ovaries Fallopian Tubes Uterus Endometrium Ce
rvix Vagina
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Ovaries

• Produce egg cells estrogen
• Egg cells are female reproductive cells
• Females are born w/ up to 250,000 immature egg
  cells!!!
• About 400 of these will mature in their
  lifetimes.
• Each egg is enclosed in a follicle

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Ovaries

• During puberty, egg cells begin to develop
• OVULATION 1 egg is released from its follicle
  each month by the ovaries

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• Uterus- Shelters supports the fetus during
  pregnancy

• Cervix Opening of the uterus

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• Fallopian Tube- 4 tube that carries eggs from
  the ovaries to the uterus

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• The lining of the uterus begins to thicken as
  this happens in preparation for the possible
  beginning of a new life.

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FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ANATOMY
Muscular passageway from the uterus to the
outside of the body
The lining of the uterus
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What happens when eggs are released by the
ovaries? One of two things 1) It is not
fertilized is released by the body through
menstruation 2) It is fertilized pregnancy
occurs
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• When the egg is released from an ovary not
  fertilized, it leaves the body during menstrual
  flow.
• Menstrual Cycle- Series of monthly changes that
  occur in the female reproductive system.
• Eggs will be fertilized in the Fallopian tube or
  released to the uterus

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• Conception / Fertilization
• If sperm are present when an egg is moving
  through a fallopian tube, a sperm may penetrate
  the egg

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• Question
• Can more than 1 sperm cell fertilize a single
  egg?

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Male Reproductive System

• Penis -Vas Deferens
• Testicles -Epididymis
• Seminal Vesicles -Scrotum
• Prostate Gland -Utethra
• Cowpers Glands

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PRODUCE SPERM
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STORE SPERM
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Provide nutrients For semen-up to 60 of total
composition
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Controls the release of urine from the bladder
secretes a fluid that helps sperm cells to
survive.
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Muscular tubes that help propel semen from body
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Carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder
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Protects testes regulates temperature
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URETHRA- Tube that carries urine semen out of
the body
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Sperm Cells

• Male reproductive cells
• A healthy male produces about 500,000,000 sperm
  per day
• 1 sperm cell - .05 mm in length
• A sperm cell takes 10 weeks to mature
• Each testis produces about 1,500 sperm cells per
  second
• They swim at a rate of 3 mm per hour

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When a male is sexually stimulated, sperm leave
the testes through tubes that lead to the
urethra.Along the way they mix w/ fluids that
protect them help them to travelSemen-
mixture of sperm cells fluids that protect them
help them to move
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Care of the Male Reproductive System

• -At birth, the end of the penis is covered by a
  loosely fitting skin called foreskin
• -Circumcision- Removal of this skin
• -May reduce chances of urinary infections

-If not circumcised, males should pull foreskin
back to clearn regularly
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Care of the Male Reproductive System

• 1- Choose abstinence
• 2- Have Regular medical checkups
• 3- Wear athletic supporter / equipment in sports

• 4- Bathe or shower daily
• 5- Testicular examinations

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Care of the Female Reproductive System

• 1- Choose abstinence
• 2- Have Regular medical checkups
• 3- Keep track of menstrual periods to allow
  doctors to know if they are regular

• 4- Regular exercise caffeine reduction can
  reduce cramping
• 5- Regular breast self-examinations
• 6- Practice good health habits during
  menstruation

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Wrap-Up

• Speak to a trusted adult if you have concerns
  about your changes or appearance

• -It is helpful to feel good about your changing
  body during puberty
• Body Image- Perception you have about your bodys
  appearance