Energy in Northeast Ohio

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Energy in Northeast Ohio

• Main sources of energy in Ohio-coal, oil, natural
  gas, and nuclear.
• 1999 Ohio used the 3rd highest amount of energy
  in the Nation

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Coal
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Coal

• Coal is used to produce 86.5 of electricity in
  Ohio, 51 nationwide
• There are 26 Coal power plants in Ohio
• New coal is being made in lowland swamps right
  now
• Burning coal produces air pollution
• Coal is a fossil fuel that comes from dead plants
  that lived long ago, heated and pressurized to a
  solid black rock

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Petroleum

• Petroleum is a fossil fuel formed from the
  remains of dead plants and animals, heated and
  pressurized over millions of years
• Burning fossil fuels such as gasoline cause air
  pollution (too much CO2 contributes to global
  warming) and can cause acid rain

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Petroleum

• If we continue using oil like we are, we will
  have about 75-125 years of oil left
• Leading source of energy in the U.S. 38
• Oil can harm the environment from spills and
  burning gasoline
• Used to make many plastics, medicines,
  fertilizers, and other products
• Oil is made into gasoline and use for
  transportation

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Natural Gas

• Comes from dead sea plants and animals buried and
  pressurized
• Used to heat homes, cook, dry clothing, run
  fireplaces, and other appliances.
• Natural gas reserves in Ohio are expected to be
  out in 30-70 years
• Transported through pipelines

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Nuclear Power

• Davis-Besse located in Oak Harbor and started in
  1977
• Uranium is put in a reactor- a neutron is added
  causing uranium to become unstable causing
  fission (the spitting of atoms)-a chain reaction
  takes place causing heat- the heat is used to
  boil water- the steam is used to turn turbines-
  the turbines are connected to a generator to
  create electricity

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• Perry Power Station located in Perry Ohio went
  into operation in 1986.
• Plant cost 6 billion to build
• Davis-Besse-2001 Boric Acid ate its way through
  the heavy steel lid of the reactor head
• Plant is still under repairs that are estimated
  to cost 40 million to fix

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Nuclear continued

• Radioactive wastes are stored on site in a
  special building. No one knows what to do with
  the deadly material
• Nuclear energy does not produce any air
  pollution.

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Biomass
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Biomass

• Fuel made from organic materials such as wood,
  crops, animal wastes, etc.
• Helps the environment because we burn garbage so
  it doesnt have to be put in a landfill
• Biodiesel is produced by vegetable and soy oils
• Ohio is the leading producer of soybeans
• Mix 20 biodiesel and 80 regular diesel this
  mixture is called B20

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Biomass continued

• Biodiesel produces less air pollution but is more
  costly to make
• Ethanol is another fuel produced by biomass
• Made from starch crops such as corn and potatoes
• Also very expensive to make, and contains less
  energy than gasoline per liter of gas

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Solar, Wind, Water, Geothermal

• Wind studies are being done in the Cuyahoga
  Valley National Park as well as Lake Erie to
  determine where to put a windmill.
• Wind is caused by the uneven heating of the Earth

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• Hydropower is the cleanest and cheapest energy
  source
• Geothermal does little damage to the
  environmentcan be used for heating and cooling

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Hydropower
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Solar
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Wind
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Renewable energy around the world

• Renewable energy be expanded in EU from the
  present five per cent of all energy supplied to
  20 by 2020
• Germany goal is 35 wind by 2020
• Brazil 40 cars run on alcohol 2006
• Portugal 15 photovoltaic 35 renewable 2010
• Iceland 100 renewable now!(no fossil fuels) cars
  run on hydrogen.

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Fuel Cells (Hydrogen)

• Could be used in transportation as well as
  electricity
• Fuel cells use hydrogen and oxygen to create
  electricity
• The only emission is water and heat
• Can generate electricity at 60 efficiency as
  opposed to 33-35 like the other power plants in
  Ohio (coal, nuclear)

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Hydrogen Fuel Cell
http//www.h2gen.com/pages/products_overview.html
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Why dont we use fuels Cells?

• Very costly
• Not very durable
• There are storage and delivery issues

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Cuyahoga Falls Electrical

• 13 hydro
• 6 biomass
• 2 wind (21 renewable and sustainable)
• 5 Nuclear
• 4 natural gas / oil
• 70 coal

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Green Pricing Program New In 2004

• Green Mountains Natures Energy Program
• 1.3 Per kWh For Customers Opting to Purchase
  Green Power
• 750kWh Per Month Reduces CO2 Emissions By 17,100
  lbs. Annually
• Sign-up Is On A Month-To-Month Basis (Over 200
  Customers)

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ENERGY past, present and future

• Energy gives us a high standard of living.
• Fossil fuels are a limited resource.
• Oil peak 2010. Most used up by 2100
• Natural gas peak 2020. Most used by 2110
• Coal may last 300 years

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Future

• Electricity from food wastes
• Energy Freedom Challenge City
• 21 renewable energy now
• Goal by 2020 50renewable electrical
• energy

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Conclusion

• Where do fossil fuels originally get their energy
  from?
• What are some ways we can conserve energy?
• What are fossil fuels made from?