Warm Up: Vanishing Farms

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Warm Up Vanishing Farms

• History
• SS8H10 The student will evaluate key post-World
  War II developments of Georgia from 1945 to 1970.
  
• Analyze the impact of the transformation of
  agriculture on Georgia's growth.
• Text book code gamsh17

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ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

• Essential Question (EQ) How did Georgias
  economy change after WWII?
• Essential Question (EQ) How was agriculture
  transformed in Georgia following WWII and how did
  this impact the state as a whole?

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• The number of farms in Georgia declined from
  approximately 226,000 in 1945 to 67,000 in 1970.
  There were several causes for this agrarian
  decline.

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GI BILL

• Our modern image of the middle class comes from
  the postWorld War II era. The 1944 GI Bill
  provided returning veterans with money for
  college, businesses and home mortgages.
• Suddenly, millions of servicemen were able to
  afford homes of their own for the first time.
• Reference Time Magazine 599,1882147,00.htmlix
  zz1mXwMWkFp

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• As a result, residential construction jumped from
  114,000 new homes in 1944 to 1.7 million in 1950.
  In 1947, William Levitt turned 4,000 acres of
  Long Island, New York, potato farms into the then
  largest privately planned housing project in
  American history. With 30 houses built in
  assembly-line fashion every day each with a
  tree in the front yard the American subdivision
  was born. Then came the cars. And the backyard
  barbecues. And the black-and-white TVs.
• Read more http//www.time.com/time/nation/artic
  le/0,8

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Growth of Aviation

• Georgias favorable weather, non-union state
  (workers could be hired at lower wages and with
  fewer labor demands than in states controlled by
  unions)
• GROWTH OF AVIATION (what does Aviation mean)?
• Lockheed Aircraft becomes the largest employer by
  the end of 1946
• Delta Airlines 1941 home of Delta fleet in
  Atlanta

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Complete Graphic Organizer in Notes DOE
FRAMEWORK VANISHING FARMS

• The demand for cotton decreased after the war. It
  continued to fall in the 1950s and 1960s as
  manmade fibers such as rayon and polyester became
  popular. In the 1980s and 1990s, consumers wanted
  natural fibers again, and cotton made a comeback.
  Even so, cotton was no longer king. In the
  twenty-first century, less than 10 percent of the
  money made by farming in Georgia comes from
  cotton.

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Cotton

• Farming in Georgia became more diverse in the
  post-war years as mechanization changed the way
  farmers produced crops.
• By the late 1940s, cotton picking machines made
  it possible to have fewer cotton farms but more
  production.
• Manmade fibers such as rayon and polyester in the
  1950s and 1960s lessened the demand for cotton.
  Today, less than 10 percent of Georgias farming
  income comes from cotton.

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Other Crops

• By the 1950s, Georgia was the countrys top
  peanut producing state. The state also leads the
  nation in pecan production.
• Improved transportation has made truck farming an
  important part of the economy.
• Many vegetables, including Georgias sweet
  Vidalia onions are important crops.
• Georgia-grown peaches and apples are the states
  key fruits.

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Livestock

• Beef cattle and hogs have long been part of
  Georgias agricultural economy.
• By 1946, Georgia law required pasteurization, the
  process of heating milk to kill bacteria that
  cause disease. Milk production became more
  profitable and efficient with new machines in the
  1960s.
• Georgia is the nations leader in broilers,
  chickens weighing less than 2.5 pounds. By the
  mid-1990s, Americans ate more chicken than beef
  and pork.
• Agribusiness, including processing products for
  market, has grown Georgias economy.
• Georgias agricultural industries today are
  modern and mechanized.

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Post WWII Agriculture

• As you have seen, agriculture and manufacturing
  both went
• through processes of mechanization and
  modernization. This
• led to greater output but also fewer workers. As
  jobs in these
• areas became more difficult to find, many workers
  turned to
• jobs in the service industries. As you learned,
  service industries
• do not produce an actual product but a service
  such as health
• care, education, entertainment, and lodging. By
  the 2000s, a
• majority of jobs in the state and throughout the
  entire country
• were in the service sector.
• Following World War II, Georgia expanded its
  banking,
• insurance, entertainment, and retail services.
  Atlanta became a
• center for banking, and other communities also
  had important
• banking institutions.

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Which cause do you think had the greatest impact
on movement away from the farms?

1. The expansion of the GI Bill for all people
   military and civilian
2. The destruction caused by the bollweevil
3. Lack of profitability of farms and other options
   for employment
4. Death of family members in WWI

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Which cause do you think had the least impact on
movement away from the farms?

1. Better opportunities in the cities
2. Increase in the use of synthetic fibers which
   decreased the need for cotton
3. The development of agribusiness
4. The GI Bill

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How did this decline in farming impact other
areas of the state?

1. Farming became more diverse and mechanized as
   farmers sought for other profitable products
2. Industries grew up in other areas of the state
3. Workers turned to jobs in the service area
4. All of the above

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EQ How did Georgias economy change after
WWII?

1. Changed to a mainly agricultural economy
2. Changed to a mainly defensive based economy
3. Became more diversified with migration from farms
   to service industries
4. Changed to a mainly aviation industry

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Essential Question (EQ) How was agriculture
transformed in Georgia following WWII and how did
this impact the state as a whole?

1. The state became largely agriculture based with
   cotton resuming its status as KING COTTON
2. Sharecropping again became profitable and the
   main farming method
3. There were fewer people working farms and fewer
   farms to work on, although farming did become
   more diverse
4. All of the above

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CRCT Tuesday, Feb 21

• Vanishing Farms, William B. Hartsfield, Ivan Allen

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What led to growth in Georgias cities after WWII?

1. Agriculture was no longer dominant industry
2. Farm employees went to cities in search of jobs
3. Sixty percent of Georgias population lived in
   cities
4. All of the above

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Why did the demand for cotton fall?

1. Synthetic fibers such as rayon and nylon were
   introduced
2. Farm machinery allowed more production
3. Georgia became more rural
4. The invention of the cotton gin decreased the
   price

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What crops were planted in place of cotton?

1. Peanuts, soybeans, cotton
2. Cotton, peanuts, peaches
3. Blueberries, cotton, soybeans
4. Soybeans, peanuts, corn

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What was the most important crop in Georgia PRIOR
TO WWII?

1. Cattle
2. Sheep
3. Goats
4. cotton

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What was one of the most important agricultural
products after WWII?

1. Cattle
2. Goats
3. Poultry
4. sheep

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What caused enrollment in colleges and
universities to increase after WWII?

1. GI bill
2. Smarter people
3. Growth of rural areas
4. Increased mechanization which resulted in farmers
   needing more education

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What are suburbs?

1. Cities with colleges/universities around them
2. Residential areas around cities
3. Nicer homes in cities
4. Homes located near a mall

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What lured many Northern companies to Georgia
post WWII?

1. Georgia was a non union state
2. Workers could be hired at lower wages
3. Lower heating costs
4. All of the above

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What is MARTA?

1. Monthly allowance restitution transfer alliance
2. Metropolitan Atlanta Reliance Transit Authority
3. Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority
4. Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transportation
   Authority

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What department did Hartsfield integrate during
his time as mayor?

1. Police department
2. City council
3. Public facilities
4. Transportation

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Mayor Hartsfield is best known as the Father of
_______

1. Transportation
2. Aviation
3. Recreation
4. Integration

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Mayor Ivan Allen

1. Supported integration
2. Did not support integration
3. Supported integration of the police and fire
   departments but not restrooms
4. Supported integration of restrooms but not fire
   departments

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Who was the mayor of Atlanta responsible for
brining professional athletic teams to the city?

1. Richard Russell
2. Ivan Allen
3. William B. Hartsfield
4. Ellis Arnall

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CRCT Wednesday, Feb 22

• What standards are we studying?

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Who did Ellis Arnall defeat in the 1942
Governors race?

1. Herman Talmadge
2. Eugene Talmadge
3. Noble Wimbley Jones
4. All of the above

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How many years was a Governors term of office
AFTER 1942?

1. Two
2. Four
3. Six
4. Eight

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What is Ellis Arnall best known for?

1. Granting eighteen year olds the right to vote
2. Losing to Eugene Talmadge
3. Losing to Herman Talmadge
4. Being elected President

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What office did Benjamin Mays hold?

1. Governor
2. President of Morehouse College
3. Mayor of Atlanta
4. President of the United States

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Who did Benjamin Mays serve as a mentor to?

1. Eugene Talmadge
2. Ellis Arnall
3. Richard Russell
4. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

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Under the white primary system, only whites were

1. Allowed to vote
2. Allowed to hold office
3. Allowed to vote in a democratic primary
4. Allowed to vote in a republican primary

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King v Chapman what did it do?

1. Established white primaries as constitutional
2. Established white primaries as unconstitutional
3. Ruled Separate but equal illegal
4. Ruled separate but equal legal

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If the governor cannot complete his or her
duties, who takes over?

1. Speaker of the house
2. Senate majority leader
3. Lieutenant Governor
4. Governor of the nearest border state

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Why is the 1946 Georgia Governor election called
the three governors episode?

1. Because Eugene Talmadge was elected three times
2. Because three different individuals claimed to be
   Georgias governor at the same time
3. Because it required three elections for someone
   to win the majority
4. All of the above

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Where would you find the information outlining
the procedure for what to do if the Governor
became incapacitated

1. The US Constitution
2. The Georgia Constitution
3. The County Bylaws
4. The Declaration of Human Rights

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What was the greatest contribution of Herman
Talmadge?

1. Education he expanded schools for grades 1-12
2. Integration he integrated the city fire and
   police department
3. Transportation he started MARTA
4. Communication he started Georgias facebook page

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