?????(educational ideology)???,????????????????

1
??????????????

• ????
• ???????

2
????

• ?????(educational ideology)???,??????????????????
  ,?
• ?????
• ??????????
• ????????
• ????????????
• ????????
• ????????????

3
?????????

• ?????,????(ESL Writing)????1945???,????????? ????
  ?????????????
• ??????????(???????Berlin 1982, Silva 1990, Johns
  1990, ?2000)
• ????? Expressivist
• ?????Controlled composition????Formalist
• ??-?????Current-Traditional Rhetoric
• ??? Process approach
• ???????????? English for academic
• purpose, or, disciplined centered genre
  analysis

4
????? Expressivist

• ?????????????????????,??????,???,???,????????????
• ????????????
• ??????????????
• ?????????????????? free writing, journal/diary
  writing, pre-writing ????????????

5
?????Controlled composition????Formalist

• ????????????audio-lingual???????-??????????
• ??????????????????,???????????????????????????????
  ???,??? (substitution, transformation, expansion
  ?),???????????????
• ????????????????????

6

• ???????????????????????????????,????,?????????????
  ,????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????

7
??-?????Current-Traditional Rhetoric

• ??????????????????????????????,???????????????????
  ???
• ??????????
• ????????? (topic sentence, support sentence,
  conclusive sentence, transition sentence
  ?)??????? (illustration, exemplification,
  comparison/contrast, cause/effect,
  classification, definition, ?), ?????
  (description, narration, exposition,
  argumentation),?????

8

• ??????????????????????????????
• ??????????????? ??????(1990)???????????,????????
  ??

9
??? Process approach

• ???????????
• ????????????????????????????????,???????????,???,?
  ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??
• ??????????????????,??,????,??,????,??,??,??(?????
  ????),???

10

• ???????????????????????,??????????????????????????
  ?????
• ?????????????????1,2,3,4 (1997)?????????????????
  ?

11
???????????? community-centered genre analysis

• ?????????????????????????????????????,????,???????
  ?????????
• ?????????????????????????????

12

• ?Mikhail Bakhtin, Michel Foucault, Jacques
  Derrida ????????????????????????,?????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????????
• ???????,????????,???????????gate keeping
  ??,????????????

13

• ???????????????,????????????,??,???????????,??????
  ??????????????????????????????????,???????????????
  ??????,????,????,?????????? (Hyland, 2010)
• John Swales, Vijay Bhatia ? Genre Analysis
  ????????????????????

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Genre pedagogy (Hyland, 2004)

• Explicit Makes clear what is to be learnt to
  facilitate the acquisition of writing skills
• Systematic Provides a coherent framework for
  focusing on both language and contexts
• Needs-based Ensures that course objectives and
  content are derived from students needs
• Supportive Gives teachers a central role in
  scaffolding students learning and creativity
• Empowering Provides access to the patterns and
  possibilities of variation in valued texts
• Critical Provides the resources for students to
  understand and challenge valued discourses
• Consciousness-raising Increases teachers
  awareness of texts to confidently advise students
  on writing

15

• ????????????(???)???????????????????,?????????????
  ,????????????socialization process????????????????
  ????????
• ????????????????

16
?????????? ????

• ????????????
• ???????,?????,???(??, 2002)?????????? --
  ?????????,????????swan ?????,?????????????????????
  ????,???????????,???????????????????,?????????????
  ???????,???????????????????????,??????????????
  ??????????????????????????? ???Expressivist????
  ??????????????

17

• ??????????????????????,?????,???????????(??,
  2002),?????????????,????,????????,????? (?,
  2003 ??, 2003a, b),???????????
• ???-????????? (?,2003)
• ???????????????????????,??????(??2010)

18
????????????

• ???????????????(????)

19
????

• ??????
• ????,????,????,??
• ??????????
• ????,???????
• ?????,??????

20
??????

• ??????????????
• ????????????
• ??????????(??????,????,????,????,????,???,?????)

21
?????????(????)

• experiential learning
• reflective learning
• humanistic approach
• collaborative learning
• Active and critical participation in community of
  practices

22
????

• College English Composition Developing an
  Argument ????,????(process approach, critical
  contrastive rhetoric, research oriented)
• Academic (or Advanced) Writing Course by R.
  Jordan (Collins) (current-traditional approach,
  user friendly skills of discrete parts of a
  composition with structure and vocabulary aids)
• A Handbook of Writing (1994) by Ding et al.

23
????1????????????

• ???????????
• ?????????
• ??????????????
• ?????????
• ????????
• ?????????
• ??????????
• ????????????
• ????????
• ??????????
• ???????????

24
????2????????????????????????

• ??????????????
• ??????????????
• ?????????????A remaking of community of
  practices
• Rhetoric of argumentation
• Communication purpose and rules
• Definition of individuals
• Societal structure

25
????1???????

• ??????/?????????????????
• ???????????????, ??, ??????, ???????,
  ?????????????, ?????????????????
• ???????????????,????????????,??,??????????,???????
  ???????????,???????,?????????????????

26
???????????

• ????????, ????, ????, ?????,????,???????
• ??????????????, ???????, ?????????, ???
• ????????????? ??,???? - ???,????? -
  ??,????,?????? ?????

27
????2??????

• ??????????????
• ?????????????????
• ??????????????
• ????,??,?????
• ????????????
• ?????????????????,???????????????

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????3?????

• ??????????? (??????)
• ???? (????????,?????,???????,?????)
• ???? (????,????,????,?????)
• ????(?????????,????,?????,???????,?????,??????????
  ????)
• ????????,??,????????????,????????,????????????????
  ?,????????????????,???

29
??

• ??????????????????????,???????????????????
• ???????????,??????????? ????
• ?????????????????????????????????????

30
????

• Berlin, J. A. (1982). Contemporary composition
  The major pedagogical theories. College English,
  (44) 756-777.
• ??????, ??????,??????????,1990??
• ??????,??????1,2, 43 ,???????,1997??
• Johns, A. (1990) Li composition theories
  implications for developing theories of L2
  composition. K. Barbara, (ed.) Second Language
  Writing Research Insights for the Classroom,
  24-36. Cambridge University Press.
• Hyland, K. (2007). Genre pedagogy Language,
  literacy, and L2 writing instruction. Journal of
  Second Language Writing, 16 148-164
• ?????(???)(2003a)? ??????????????????????????
• ????. (2003b). Towards a learner-, and
  learning-centered marking in the course of
  English Writing. Keynote speech at China first
  national conference on Write to Learn Teaching
  English Writing. National Institute of
  Linguistics and Applied Linguistics and Faculty
  of English Language Culture, Guangdong
  University of Foreign Studies, Dec. 22-24.
  Guangzhou, China.
• ????. (2004). Contrasting communities of
  practice. Invited and sponsored speech at the
  international conference QPR 2004 Re-Imagining
  Research Education, the University of Adelaide,
  Australia, April, 2004
• ????(2000)?????????????? ??????????
• Silva,T. (1990). Second language composition
  instruction. K. Barbara, (ed.) Second Language
  Writing Research Insights for the Classroom,
  11-23. Cambridge University Press.
• Swales, J. (1990). Genre Analysis English in
  Academic and Research Settings. Cambridge
  Cambridge University Press.
• ???,???,????(2000)?????? ??????? (3)?
• ? ?? (2003)?????, ?????????????????????????????
  ????,(??)??????????????????????????

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????!