Digestive Diseases

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Digestive Diseases
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GASTROENTEROLOGIST

• A physician that specializes in disorders and
  diseases of the digestive system

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Heartburn

• Acid reflux
• Symptoms burning sensation
• Rx avoid chocolate, peppermint, coffee, citrus,
  fired or fatty foods, and tomato products. Stop
  smoking. Take antacids. Do not lie down for 2-3
  hours after eating

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GASTROENTERITIS

• Inflammation of mucus membrane lining of stomach
  and intestine
• Common causes virus
• Symptoms diarrhea and vomiting for 24 36
  hours
• Complication - dehydration

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ULCERS

• Craterlike sore or lesion that forms in the
  mucosal lining of the stomach
• Gastric ulcers in the stomach
• Duodenal ulcers in the duodenum
• Cause H. pylori (bacteria) is primary cause

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ULCERS

• Lifestyle factors that contribute
• Cigarette smoking
• Alcohol
• Stress
• Certain Drugs
• Symptoms burning pain in abdomen, between meals
  and early morning, may be relieved by eating or
  taking antacid

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ULCERS

• Diagnosis -X-ray
• Presence of H.pylori (bacteria)
• The bacteria is diagnosed by biopsy, breath, or
  blood antibody tests
• Rx H2 blockers (drugs) that block release of
  histamine

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APPENDICITIS

• Inflammation of the appendix
• If it ruptures, bacteria from appendix can spread
  to the peritoneal cavity causing PERITONITIS

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HEPATITIS A

• Infectious hepatitis
• Cause virus
• Spread through contaminated food and water

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HEPATITIS B (Serum Hepatitis

• Caused by virus found in the blood
• Transmitted by blood transfusion or being stuck
  with contaminated needles (drug addicts)
• Health care workers at risk
• Use standard precautions for prevention

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CIRRHOSIS

• Chronic progressive disease of the liver
• Normal tissue is replaced by fibrous connective
  tissue
• 75 caused by excessive alcohol consumption

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CHOLECYSTITIS

• Inflammation of the gallbladder
• May occur with or without gallstones

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CHOLELITHIASIS

• Gallstones
• Can block the bile duct causing pain and
  digestive disorders
• Small ones may pass on their own, large ones
  surgically removed
• Surgical removal of gallbladder - CHOLECYSTECTOMY

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DIARRHEA

• Loose, watery, frequent bowel movements when
  feces pass along colon too rapidly and not enough
  water is absorbed
• Caused by infection, poor diet, nervousness,
  toxic substances or irritants in food

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CONSTIPATION

• Slow movement of feces through the large
  intestine
• Feces become dry and hard
• Rx diet with cereals, fruits,
  vegetables(roughage), fluids, exercise

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Colon removed from a man that did not have a
bowel movement for 30 days.

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Jaundice

• Jaundice yellow color of skin and sclera when
  bile pigment gets in bloodstream