Ch. 18.5

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Ch. 18.5

• The End of the Cold War

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• Soviet Union Declines
• Labor camps continued
• Khrushchev greater freedom of speech
• Used military to support communism

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• Launching of Sputnik I in 1957
• Command economy no match for market economy
• Could not match Reagans missiles

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• 1979 war with Afghanistan
• Mujahedin- Muslim warriors
• Americans began to smuggle weapons

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• 1985 Mikhail Gorbachev came to power
• Changes spiraled out of control
• Pulled out of Afghanistan
• Signed arms control treaties with U.S.

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• Glasnost- openness
• Perestroika- restructuring of govt.
• Moved towards a free market
• Economic turmoil
• unemployment

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• Independence for Baltic states
• Gorbachev would resign
• 1991 remaining Soviet republics separated
• After 69 yrs. the Soviet Union did not exist

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• Changes Transform E. Europe
• Hungary quietly reformed without any problems
• Poland-1980 strikes by shipyard workers
• Solidarity

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• Walesa became a national hero
• East Germany remained strict
• Citizens fled
• 1989 Poland has free elections

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• Gates between East and West Germany open
• Czechoslovakia was divided into Slovakia and the
  Czech Republic

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• Communism Declines Around the World
• Capitalism in China
• No political change
• Vietnam opened doors to world
• North Korea did not

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• Hundreds of thousands died of starvation
• U.S. as Superpower