E-FINANCE CHAPTER 6 RISK AND CHALLENGES

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E-FINANCECHAPTER 6RISK AND CHALLENGES

• Risk and Challenges, V.C joshi (2004), E-finance
  Log into the future, 2nd Edition, Thousand Oakes,
  London,
• E-finance Status, Innovations, Resources and
  Future Challenges, Manuchehr Shahrokhi,
  California - Managerial Finance 2008 Vol. 34,
  Issue , Pages 365-398

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Discussion points in E-finance sector
Functionality This involves the decision of what
products and services to include in the internet
banking services and what to exclude. This should
be considered at the first time and an ongoing
progress.
Web Design This involves looking at what makes a
good quality internet banking web site. Issues to
consider are related to the web site appearance,
content, speed and other issues that are
important to gain customer satisfaction.
Hosting Banks engaging in internet banking
should decide whether to develop their internet
banking system in house or outsource their
operations.
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Analysis of Risk

• Risk is the probability or likelihood of injury,
  damage or loss in some specific environment and
  over some stated period of time.

• It involves two elements Probability and loss
  amount

• The risks arise on account of a number of
  factors
• The policies pursued by the government,
• Increased competition,
• Reduced spreads and
• Large number of sophisticated clients.

• We will focus on additional risks faced by banks
  and financial institutions using online channels.
  
• Banks, brokers and financial institutions need to
  additionally deal with risks specific to the
  internet

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• Traditional risk management programmers must be
  adopted to address new aspects of an electronic
  environment, including transaction speed,
  geographic reach and user anonymity.
• One of the major problems is to integrate the
  newer techniques with legacy systems.
• It must also be stressed that risk management is
  an ongoing process of identifying, measuring,
  monitoring and managing all significant
  operational, legal and reputation risks.

These areas can be divided into the following
broad areas

• General Areas Planning, policies and procedures.
  Distribution of duties, accountability and
  delegation of authorities, regulatory compliance
  and audits.
• Transaction processing User authentication.
  Information integrity and non-repudiation of
  transactions and data confidentiality.
• System Administration Resource requirements,
  system security, contingency planning,
  outstanding policies.

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RISKS and CHALLENGES
1-Regulatory issues

• The deregulation of the London stock market in
  1986,
• The passage of the Riegle-Neal Act in 1994,
• The deregulation of the Tokyo stock market in the
  1990s
• The crumbling of the Glass-Steagall Act in the
  late 1990s

• Competition in e-finance is expected to
  accelerate over the coming years as deregulation
  continues to make its way around the world and
  new entrants enter particular areas of the
  market, develop new niches/product expertise, or
  expand into new countries.

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2- High Barriers to entry

• The finance industry has historically been both
  protected and plagued by high barriers to entry.

• New entrants to the financial markets have to
  have
• Strong human resource management,
• A deep knowledge of risk,
• Adequate financial resources,
• Responsive customer service,
• A robust technology infrastructure and
• A well-established brand name/franchise.

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3-Value Proposition

• A successful e-commerce strategy in the financial
  services industry involves rethinking and
  challenging value propositions.

• The financial services industry had to rethink
  its e-commerce business strategy and that
  involves reinventing products and services,
  redefining the value proposition and perhaps
  creating new business models.

4-Revenue and Cost Dimensions
The e-commerce revenue structure is quite
complex, as the web has altered the established
concepts of pricing.
The web allows for free products and services,
differential prices for the same product and
customer profiling.
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5-Technology Architecture
The nature of the business model dictates the
selection of the most appropriate technical
platform for the e-finance model.
6-Security
The online environment leaves all the operations
of a financial services firm susceptible to
external and internal threats.
7- Adapting Global Technology to Local
Requirements
While Internet technologies are global and
standardized, their applications can and must be
adapted to local circumstances.
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Risks can emerge from different sources within a
banking institution. Given below are details
regarding factors causing such risks.

• Exceeding minimum capital requirements
• Maintaining credit ratings
• Maximizing shareholder value
• Improving risk adjusted returns on equity,
  capital and assets.

So the relation between key business risks and
activities undertaken are
Poor loan quality Credit risk High funding
costs Interest risk Asset/Liability
mismatches Cash flow risk Poor controls
Operations risk Frauds Reputation risk