Chemical Hazards

1
Chemical Hazards
Asphyxiants Gases that deprive the body
tissues of oxygen
Simple asphyxiants physiologically inert
gases
Chemical asphyxiants Examples
carbon monoxide and cyanide.
HCN and H2S
2
Irritants chemicals that irritate the air
passages.
Constriction of the airways
May lead to edema (liquid in the lungs) and
infection.
Examples HF, Cl 2, HCl, and ammonia.
Necrosis producers Chemicals that result in
cell death.
Examples ozone and nitrogen dioxide.
3
Fibrosis producers Chemicals that produce
fibrotic tissue which, may blocks airways
Examples silicates, asbestos, and beryllium.
Allergens Induce an allergy eg.
bronchoconstriction
Examples isocyanates and sulfur dioxide.
Carcinogens -gt cancer.
Examples cigarette smoke, coke oven
emissions, asbestos, and arsenic.
4
Toxcity rating
5
Hyperthetical Dose response