Configuring a Router

1
Configuring a Router
2
Router user interface

• The Cisco IOS software uses a command-line
  interface (CLI) as the traditional console
  environment.
• This environment is accessible through several
  methods
• Console
• AUX port (modem)
• Telnet

3
Establishing a HyperTerminal session
Router
Console port
Terminal or a PC with terminal emulation software
Rollover cable
Com1 or Com2 serial port

• Take the following steps to connect a terminal to
  the console port on the router
• Connect the terminal using the RJ-45 to RJ-45
  rollover cable and an RJ-45 to DB-9 or RJ-45 to
  DB-25 adapter.
• Configure the terminal or PC terminal emulation
  software for 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, 1
  stop bit, and no flow control.

4
Establishing a HyperTerminal session

• Important A console connection is not the same
  as a network connection!

5
Logging into the router

• Two commands can be used to set a password used
  to access privileged EXEC mode enable password
  and enable secret
• The following are specific modes that can also be
  accessed from the global configuration mode
• Interface
• Subinterface
• Line
• Router
• Route-map

6
CLI command modes

• Routergtenable
• Routerconfigure terminal
• Router(config) interface fa 0/0
• Router(config-if)

The command Exit will take you up one level
7
Configuring a router name

• Routerconfig t
• Router(config)hostname Tokyo
• Tokyo(config)

8
Configuring a serial interface
Configuring an IP Address on an interface

• Router(config)interface serial 0/0
• Router(config-if)ip address ltip addressgt
  ltnetmaskgt

9
show ip interface command
Router show ip interface brief Interface
IP-Address OK? Method Status
Protocol Ethernet0 131.108.1.11 YES
manual up up Serial0
198.135.2.49 YES manual
administratively down down
What is wrong here? The administrator has either
done a shutdown on the interface or has
forgotten to do a no shutdown.

• A serial interface will not show up and up
  unless both ends are properly configured (mostly)
  and the no shutdown command is used.
• If one routers configuration looks okay, check
  the other routers configuration.

10
Configuring a serial interface
DCE
DTE
Lab
Real world

• On serial links that are directly interconnected,
  as in a lab environment, one side must be
  considered a DCE and provide a clocking signal.
• The clock is enabled and speed is specified with
  the clock rate command.
• Router(config)interface serial 0/0
• Router(config-if)clock rate 56000 (on DCE end
  Only)
• Router(config-if)no shutdown

11
Configuring an Ethernet Interface
12
Configuring a Dynamic Routing ProtocolConfigurin
g RIPv1

•   
• First, RIP is enabled on each router.
•  
• From global configuration you will enter the
  command (the default is RIPv1)
• Router(config)router rip
•  
• Second, Once you are in the Router RIP
  configuration sub-mode, all you need to do is
  enter the classful network address for each
  directly connected network, using the network
  command.
• Router(config-router)network directly-connected-c
  lassful-network-address
•  

13
Example

• First, we Configure the interfaces on each router
• SanJose2
• hostname SanJose2
• interface ethernet 0
• ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
• interface serial 0
• ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
•  
• SanJose1
• hostname SanJose1
• interface ethernet 0
• ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
• interface serial 0
• ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
• clockrate 64000
• interface serial 1
• ip add 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0
• clockrate 64000

When done configuring the interfaces use the
command show ip interface brief
14
Second, we configure RIPv1

• Here are the commands for each router
•  
• SanJose2configure terminal
• Enter configuration commands, one per line. End
  with CNTL/Z.
• SanJose2(config)router rip
• SanJose2(config-router)network 192.168.1.0
• SanJose2(config-router)network 192.168.2.0
•  
• Baypointeconfigure terminal
• Enter configuration commands, one per line. End
  with CNTL/Z.
• Baypointe(config)router rip
• Baypointe(config-router)network 192.168.4.0
• Baypointe(config-router)network 192.168.5.0
•  
• SanJose1configure terminal
• Enter configuration commands, one per line. End
  with CNTL/Z.
• SanJose1(config)router rip
• SanJose1(config-router)network 192.168.2.0
• SanJose1(config-router)network 192.168.3.0

15
Third, We check on the routing table for each
router

•  
• SanJose2show ip route
• Codes C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R -
  RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
• ltomittedgt
• i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS
  level-2, - candidate default
• U - per-user static route, o - ODR 
• Gateway of last resort is not set
•  
• R 192.168.4.0/24 120/1 via 192.168.2.2,
  000010, Serial0
• R 192.168.5.0/24 120/2 via 192.168.2.2,
  000010, Serial0
• C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected,
  Ethernet0
• C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
  Serial0
• R 192.168.3.0/24 120/1 via 192.168.2.2,
  000010, Serial0
• SanJose2

16
Third, We check on the routing table for each
router

•  
• SanJose1show ip route
• Codes C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R -
  RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
• ltomittedgt
• Gateway of last resort is not set 
• C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected,
  Serial1
• R 192.168.5.0/24 120/1 via 192.168.4.1,
  000012, Serial1
• R 192.168.1.0/24 120/1 via 192.168.2.1,
  000010, Serial0
• C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
  Serial0
• C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected,
  Ethernet0

17
Third, We check on the routing table for each
router

•  
• Baypointeshow ip route
• Codes C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R -
  RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
• D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF,
  IA - OSPF inter area
• N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF
  NSSA external type 2
• E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF
  external type 2, E - EGP
• i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS
  level-2, - candidate default
• U - per-user static route, o - ODR 
• Gateway of last resort is not set
•  
• C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected,
  Serial0
• C 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected,
  Ethernet0
• R 192.168.1.0/24 120/2 via 192.168.4.2,
  000023, Serial0
• R 192.168.2.0/24 120/1 via 192.168.4.2,
  000023, Serial0
• R 192.168.3.0/24 120/1 via 192.168.4.2,
  000023, Serial0

18
copy running-config startup-config
During bootup
running-config
RAM
startup-config
Router copy running-config startup-config

• Changes to the router are automatically put in
  the running-config file.
• If the router loses power or reboots, everything
  in RAM is lost including the running-config file.
• To make sure the changes to the routers
  configuration remain saved, you must copy the
  running-config from RAM into the startup-config
  into NVRAM
• Router copy running-config startup-config

19
copy running-config startup-config

• Router copy running-config startup-config
• Or
• Router copy running startup
• OR
• Router copy run start
• OR
• Any usage of the command or parameters, so that
  they are still uniquely recognizable.
• WARNING
• Using an incorrect configuration file name could
  overwrite the routers IOS in flash, as the
  router believes you are trying to copy a blank
  file into flash.
• Routercopy running-config start-up
• NOTICE
• Flash load helper v1.0
• This process will accept the copy options and
  then terminate
• the current system image to use the ROM based
  image for the copy.
• Routing functionality will not be available
  during that time.
• If you are logged in via telnet, this connection
  will terminate.
• Users with console access can see the results of
  the copy operation.

Incorrect file name!
Press ltcontrolgt C
20
Examining the show commands (typed from
Privileged Mode)

• Show ip interface Brief Shows the status of the
  interfaces along with their IP Addresses
• show startup-configuration Displays the saved
  configuration located in NVRAM
• show running-configuration Displays the
  configuration currently running in RAM

21
How to Reset The Router

• Routergt enable
• Router erase start (Press enter to confirm)
  This step erases the configuration file
• Router Reload This step soft-boots the router
• After the router reloads, the following question
  will showWould you like to enter the setup
  mode, Please answer no to that question.
• The router should now take you to user mode
  Routergt
• Note If asked for a password, use the password
  system in the next slide

22
Router Passwords Used in the Cisco LabWill not
be used for the VoIP Labs
Privilege Password cisco
Console password conpass
VTY 0 4 password vtypass
Auxiliary auxpass