Mao Zedong and Communism in China

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Mao Zedong and Communism in China
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Leaders of China

• Mao Zedong-
• Leader of the Chinese Communist Party
• Chiang Kai-shek-
• Leader of the Chinese Nationalist Party

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Mao Zedong and China
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CCP KMT

• Chinese Communist Party
• Kuomintang/ KMT
• (Nationalists)

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Mao Zedong and Civil War in China

• A civil war began between Mao and his communist
  followers and the Nationalist government.

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The Long March

• In 1933, Maos 100,000 troop Red Army faced
  defeat by the 700,000 troop Nationalist Army.
• The Red Army retreated towards the mountains,
  beginning its dangerous journey called The Long
  March.
• The troops marched 6000 miles to avoid capture.

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The Long March

• After about a year, Mao and his 6,000-7,000
  survivors settled in caves in northern China.
• Chinese Communists today look at the Long March
  as a symbol of Maos dedication to his cause and
  to the Chinese people.

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The Long March
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Nationalists Communists

• WWII and Japan invasion brought the Communists
  and Nationalists together
• After the war Communists win and create the
  Peoples Republic of China

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Japanese Occupied Lands During WWII
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• The Great Leap Forward

• Mao tried to reorganize all of China along
  communist lines
• Factories and farms would be owned collectively
  (government).
• Private ownership was eliminated.

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The Great Leap Forward

• A series of policies by Mao to help China make
  positive changes
• equal to the West.
• Mao believed the peasants would make it work.

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The Great Leap Forward

• Because they didnt own anything themselves, they
  had little reason to work very hard.

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Great Leap Forward Propaganda
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Great Leap Forward Propaganda
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The Great Leap Forward

• Peasants lied about the amount of grain that had
  been produced.
• A massive famine resulted.
• Millions of people died throughout China.
• The Great Leap Forward was a failure.

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How Mao thought China would look after the Great
Leap Forward
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What China actually looked like for millions of
people during the Great Leap Forward
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The Cultural Revolution

• After the Great Leap Forward failed, farmers and
  factory workers tried to create some private
  ownership again.
• Mao saw his classless society ideal failing.
• Realizing that there was still a large gap
  between the educated elite in the cities and the
  peasants in the country, Maos response was to
  begin The Cultural Revolution in 1966.

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The Cultural Revolution

• Maos attempt to rid China of anything that
  encouraged class differences.
• Attacked education, religion, private ownership,
  and anything from the west.
• Destruction of books, artwork, religious temples,
  and anything that was connected to Chinas past
  or foreign ideas.
• Led by students and young people

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The Cultural Revolution

• Many of these students were organized into a
  military group called the Red Guards.

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The Cultural Revolution

• Schools and universities were closed.
• Mao discouraged old Chinese cultural ideas.

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The Cultural Revolution

• Teachers, artists, and writers were sent to the
  countryside to do hard labor.
• The Cultural Revolution was a time of great chaos
  in China.

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The Cultural Revolution

• Many innocent people were killed or committed
  suicide during it.
• It lasted 10 years and only ended when Mao died
  in 1976.

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China After Mao Zedong

• Deng Xiaoping was named Chinas new leader.
• He allowed farmers to own some of their own land.
• He allowed some private business.

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Tiananmen Square

• Protests were led by 10,000 students in Beijings
  Tiananmen Square. (over 1 million people
  participated)
• Protesting corruption in the Chinese government.
• Wanted democracy
• Created a statue called Goddess of Democracy,
  modeled after the Statue of Liberty.

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Goddess of Democracy
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Tiananmen Square

• 1989- Communist government ordered soldiers to
  break up the demonstration in Tiananmen Square.
• They opened fire on the students, destroyed the
  Goddess of Democracy statue, and arrested
  thousands of people.

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Summarize

• 1 Paragraph describing each of the following
• Chinese Civil War/The Long March
• The Great Leap Forward
• The Cultural Revolution
• Tiananmen Square