PUNNETT SQUARES AND MORE

1
Chapter 9 Review

• PUNNETT SQUARES AND MORE

2
Define genotype.

• The genetic makeup of an organism

3
Define allele.

• An alternate form of a gene.

4
Define recessive.

• An allele that is hidden unless there are two of
  them

5
Define dominant.

• An allele that is fully expressed, it determines
  the phenotype of an organism.

6
What word refers to the physical appearance of an
organism?

• Phenotype

7
When doing a test cross, an organism with unknown
genotype is mated with one

• That is homozygous recessive for a trait

8
What is a carrier?

• Someone heterozygous for a disease that shows no
  symptoms but CAN pass it on to offpsring.

9
John is blind, which is recessive. His parents
are NOT blind. What are their genotypes? Johns?

• Parents Heterozygous (for example Bb)
• John homozygous recessive (bb)

10
Name some recessive disorders.

• Deafness
• Albinism
• Cystic Fibrosis
• PKU
• Sickle Cell
• Tay Sachs

11
Name some dominant disorders.

• Dwarfism
• Althzimers
• Huntingtons disease
• High (hyper) cholesterol

12
Name some sex linked disorders.

• Color blindness
• Baldness
• Hemophilia
• Muscular dystrophy

13
If both alleles are expressed when someone is
heterozygous, we call this ______.

• Codominance

14
What are the sex chromosomes of a man?

• XY

15
Is blood type codominance or incomplete?

• Codominance

16
How many sex chromosomes are in a sperm?

• One, either X or Y

17
Genes located on sex chromosomes are called

• Sex linked genes

18
Why do men get sex linked genes more often than
women?

• Men only need to have one recessive allele (on
  their one X gene) in order to get the condition.
  Women have to inherit 2, one on each X.

19
Whats the name of the monk and what did he study?

• Gregor Mendel
• peas

20
What is heterozygous?

• Two different alleles for the same trait, one
  dominant and one recessive, written Bb.

21
What are the 3 types of fetal screening?Which is
the LEAST invasive?

• Ultrasound, CVS, amniocentesis
• Ultrasound

22
Skin color, due to many genes, is caused by

• Polygenic inheritance

23
Brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue (b). What is
the genotype of a heterozygous person.

• Bb

24
Brown eyes are dominant (B) to blue (b). White
hair (W) is dominant to gray (w). Whats the
genotype of blue eyes and grey hair?

• bbww

25
Brown eyes are dominant (B) to blue (b). White
hair (W) is dominant to gray (w). genotype. Bbww

• Brown eyes, gray hair

26
Purple flowers are dominant to white. Cross 2
heterozygous flowers. Whats the probability of
a white flower?

• 1/4

27
Purple flowers are dominant to white. Cross a
heterozygous with a white. Whats the probability
of a white flower?

• 1/2

28
Purple flowers are dominant to white. Cross two
homozygous purple flowers. Whats the
probability of a white flower?

• 0

29
Brown eyes are dominant. A blue eyed child has
brown eyed parents. What are their genotypes?

• Bb and Bb

30
Brown eyes are dominant to blue. Two heterozygous
parents have a child. What is the probability
that the child will have brown eyes?

• 3/4

31
Tall plants are dominant to short. A homozygous
tall and short plant are crossed. What is the
expected phenotypic ratio

• 4/4 tall

32
Purple flowers are dominant to white. Cross a
heterozygous with a white. If there are 400
babies, how many will be white?

• 200

33
Incomplete dominance Red (RR), Pink (Rr), white
(rr). Cross a red and white and show your
phenotypic ratio.

• 4/4 pink

34
Incomplete dominance Red (RR), Pink (Rr), white
(rr). Cross two pinks. How many offspring will
be red?

• ¼ red

35
Incomplete dominance Red (RR), Pink (Rr), white
(rr). Cross 2 pinks and show the phenotypic ratio

• 1 red 2 pink 1 white

36
Incomplete dominance Red (RR), Pink (Rr), white
(rr). Cross 2 pinks and show the genotypic ratio

• 1 RR 2 Rr 1 rr

37
A man has heterozygous B blood, a woman has
heterozygous A blood. What can their children
have?

• A, B, AB, or O

38
Mom has type A blood. Baby has type O. Dad 1 has
type AB and Dad 2 has type A. Who is the baby
daddy?

• Dad 2

39
A person with type AB can receive what blood
types?

• Any, AB is the universal receiver
• O is the universal donor.

40
Color blindness is sex-linked. Cross a normal man
with a carrier woman. What are the chances a son
will be blind?

• 1/2

41
Color blindness is sex-linked. Cross a normal man
with a carrier woman. What are the chances a
daughter will be blind?

• 0

42
Color blindness is sex-linked. Cross a blind man
and a carrier. What are the chances a daughter
will be a carrier?

• 1/2

43
Color blindness is sex-linked. Cross a blind man
and a blind woman. What are the chances a
daughter will be blind?

• 100

44
Long (L) is dom to short (l) and yellow (Y) is
dom to green (y). Cross a homozygous long
heterozygous yellow with a short ?heterozygous
yellow bird. How many are LlYy?

• 8/16

45
Using the same results, what proportion of
offspring will have long yellow feathers?

• 12/16

46
Dark (D) is dom to light and Brown (B) is dom to
blue. Cross two people heterozygous for BOTH
traits. What is the prob of a light brown eyed
child?

• 3/16

47
Dark (D) is dom to light and Brown (B) is dom to
blue. Cross a heterozygous dark heterozygous
brown with a light heterozygous brown. Show
phenotypic ratios.

• 6/16 dark brown, 6/16 light brown, 2/16 dark
  blue, 2/16 light blue

48
In pedigrees, circles represent

• women

49
A filled in circle or square means

• Someone has the condition or disease
• Genotype is homozygous recessive (aa)

50
Horizontal lines between people indicate

• They are married or have offspring together