RNA

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RNA

• 12.3

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What is RNA?

• Macromolecule made of nucleotides from DNA
• Used to build proteins.

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RNA is different from DNA

• Single stranded
• Uracil replaces Thymine
• Ribose instead of deoxyribose
• Can leave the nucleus

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3 types of RNA

• 1.) mRNA
• mmessenger
• Long, stringy (like a snake)
• Function - Carries the instructions from the
  nucleus to the cytoplasm to initiate translation
• Codons sequences of 3 bases
• Made during transcription

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2.) tRNA

• t transfer
• Shaped like a hair pin or a T
• Responsible for bringing the amino acids for
  translation
• Contains anti-codons that match up with mRNA
  temporarily

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3.) rRNA

• rRNA ribosomal
• Structurally part of the ribosome organelle
• Site of translation
• Globular shaped

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• RNA is made through Transcription
• RNA is made in the nucleus like DNA replication

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Review the steps

• Transcription
• Unzip one gene in DNA
• Match up bases to one side of a gene in DNA
• mRNA detaches from the DNA
• mRNA moves out of the nucleus and into the
  cytoplasm
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Steps in transcription

• Making of RNA from DNA in the nucleus
• Initiation at the promoter site by RNA polymerase
  opens up the DNA molecule
• Elongation adds new RNA bases, including Uracil,
  down the exposed DNA bases
• Termination occurs when RNA polymerase hits the
  stop signal and detaches the new single strand
  of RNA
• http//207.207.4.198/pub/flash/26/transmenu_s.swf

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In RNA A binds with U C
binds with G 

• DNA strand GAG AAC TAG TAC
• RNA
• CUC UUG AUC AUG

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• Animation 1
• http//www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/
  molgenetics/transcription.swf
• Animation 2
• http//staff.concord.org/btinker/workbench_web/mo
  dels/eukTranscription.swf