Title: ??????VLAN
1??? ???????
???? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????VLA
N
26.1 ???(LAN)??
- LAN???
- ?????
- ???????????
- ??25km
- ?????
- 10Mbps1000Mbps
- ????
- 10-8 10-10
- ????????????
- ???????????
- ????????,????,???????
32. ????????
- ????(?????)
- ????????????
- ??????
- ?????????
- CSMA/CD?Token-passing
- ??????
- ?????
4LAN??????
- ??? ??????????????
- ?? ????????????
- ?? ????????????????
D
A
B
C
A
C
T
C
Bus
B
A
Ring
A
B
C
Star
53. LAN????
IEEE802??
6IEEE802???????
802.2 - ??????LLC 802.3 - CSMA/CD(???) 802.4 -
Token Bus (????) 802.5 - Token Ring(???) 802.6 -
???????DQDB -- MAN?? 802.8 FDDI(????????) 802.11
??LAN
7IEEE802???????
802.1D Bridge
802.1A ????
802.2 LLC
LLC
?????
802.3 CSMA/CD
802.4 Token Bus
802.5 Token Ring
802.6 DQDB
802.8 FDDI
MAC
???
PHY
86.2 LAN??????
- ??????????LLC?MAC
- ???????
- ???????????????????????,?????????
- ????????(???)???????????(MAC)???????????????
???MAC??? - LLC ????????
- MAC?????????
9- LAN????????????????
- ? LAN????????,?????????
- ? ??MAC????????
- ? ??????????,???????????????????????...
- MAC??????/??, ?????MAC??,?????,???
- LLC??????????????????,??/??????,????,?????,??????
???? - LAN?LLC????,??MAC?????LAN???(????LAN??,???MAC??)
10LLC????
1
1
1/2
???? ????
??
DSAP
SSAP
??
??PDU
LLC??MAC????
LLC??
LLC??
MAC??
MAC??
MAC??
11MAC?????
- IEEE802?????DTE?????48??????,?????????????,???????
??MAC??(????) - MAC???6Byte(48?)?
- MAC????3???(?24?)?IEEE???????,?24?????????????
- ???MAC????????????????MAC???
126.3 LAN???????
??IEEE 802?????????,????????,??????????(??????)??
????,????????????????????????????,?IEEE
802???????????????,???????(NOS)???TCP/IP?IPX/SPX??
???
136.4 ?????????????
- ?????????(??????,??????),???????????
- ???????????????????
- ????????????????? (Medium Access Control)???
- ?????????
- ????(FDM?WDM?TDM?CDM)
- ????(?????????)
-
14????????
????
TDM
FDM
????
CATV
STDM
ATDM
CBX
????
????
????
CSMA
CSMA/CD
????
????
??
??
???
????
15?????????????
??????
- ????????/????(CSMA/CD)
- Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect
- ????(Token Passing)
- Token Ring
- Token Bus
- FDDI(??)
161.CSMA/CD ??????????????
- ??IEEE802.3???
- ????????????????,???????????????,??????????????,?
???????????????(????)??,?????? - ??????
- ?????,?????,
- ?????,??????
17CSMA/CD????
182. ???(Token Ring)
- IEEE802.5
- ???????????,?????
D
????????
?????
????
DTE
?????
?????
??
???
A
C
??
??
????
????
????
????
???
TCU
B
19?????(Trunk Couple Unit)
DTE
- ????
- ??/????
- ????(???????)
- ?????,TCU?DTE??
- TCU????????,?????????????????????????,????K??,T
CU?DTE??,?????DTE,??????????????????,?????,??????
,?????? - ?????,????????TCU??????????TCU?????
K
K
TCU
????
DTE
K
K
TCU
????
20Token Ring/802.5???
1)??????,??????????????(TOKEN)?????????????????
?????,?????????????? 2)?????????????????,????????
???????
21 3)???????????(?????)?,????????????????????
a)???????,???????????,???????,????????
b)???????,?????????? 4)????????????????????????
??????????,???????????,????????????,??????????????
???
22Token Ring/802.5?????
(a)
?????? A?????? ??????
T
T 0
A
T 0
A
Data
A??????,??????
T
(c)
T
Data
C
T
Data
C
T 1
A
A?????????,?????
T
Data
C
T
Data
C
(b)
23IEEE802.5????
1B
1B
1B
???
??
????
??
????(???/???)
???
??
??
FCS
????
???
????
??
???
? ????????
? ?????????????? ? ?????????0 - ??1 - ??/??? ?
?????????????????
24????????
B
A
C
???
D
E
253. ????(Token Bus)
- IEEE 802.4
- ?????????,???????
- ????????75???????,?????1Mb/s?5Mb/s?10Mb/s
- ???????????????
- ??????????
- ?????????????
266.5 ?????CSMA/CD???LAN
1. Ethernet?IEEE 802.3??????
- 70????????? (Bob Metcalfe) ??,????2.94M,??Ethernet
(???)? - ?DEC, Intel and Xerox?????10M??(DIX ??) ?
- 1985?????IEEE 802.3,???1???CAMA/CD???LAN??,????1M?
10M (?????1000M),????????? - Ethernet??????LAN?
- Ethernet?IEEE 802.3?????????
27IEEE 802.3 ?????
- ?????
- 802.3 ????Ethernet
- 802.3a ??Ethernet
- 802.3i ???
- 802.3j ??
- ?????FE
- 802.3u ???,??
- ?????GE
- IEEE802.3z ?????????
- IEEE802.3ab ???
28802.3??????????
10Base5 ??? 10Base2 ??? 10BaseT
??? 10BaseF MMF 100BaseT
??? 100BaseF MMF/SMF 1000BaseX
??????/MMF/SMF 1000BaseT ???
292.10Base5
- ?????,????,??????
- ??? ??/??, ????, ????
- AUI ???????
- ?????
- ????????
Vampire tap
??
BNC??
????? 500? ??????? 100
???
AUI ??
NIC
???????? 2.5?
?????? 2.5??
303. 10Base2
??
- ?????,?????
- BNC T?????
- ?????
- ?????LAN
BNC ??
NIC
?????? 185m ??????? 30
???????? 0.5 m
????5??
?????? 925 m
314. 10BaseT
- ?????(UTP)
- ?Hub (???)??????Hub-???????
- ???????,??????????
- ???/??????????????????,?????????????
- ???/???/HUB?????(??????)?
- ????LAN?
HUB
NIC
????? 100m
32- HUB??
- 1. HUB?????A????????????
33- 2.?????,??????MAC??????????A
34 35- HUB?4???8???12???24??,????????,??????
- ???????????,?????????????
- ????HUB?????????????????????
36???
37- RJ45??
- ????????,10Mbps?100Mbps??????????????????,???????
??,?????????,?????? - ?? Pin Signal
- ?? 1 TD
- ? 2 TD-
- ?? 3 RD
- ? 4 ??
- ?? 5 ??
- ? 6 RD-
- ?? 7 ??
- ? 8 ??
38- ???HUB???,??????????
- (????????RJ45??,??????)
395. 10BaseF
- ?????????,???????????
- ??????
- ????????
- 10BaseFL - ???????,????2 km
6. 10Broad36
- ??75?????,???????
- ????LAN
407. Ethernet/802.3??
- ?????????????????????
- ?????????,?????????????
- ?????????,?????????
A
B
C
A
B
C
????
(1)C ??????
(2)C???,?????A
A
B
C
A
B
C
(4)A????
(3)B ????
?????????
418. IEEE802.3/Ethernet???
7 1 2/6 2/6
2 46-1500 4
??
IEEE 802.3
????
64-1518 ??
8 6 6
2 46-1500 4??
Ethernet
FCS
SA
Type
DA
Pad
PA
Data
PA ???? - 10101010??,???????????? SFD ???? --
10101011 DA ??MAC?? SA ?MAC?? LEN????(???????
?)(0-1500B) Type ????????? LLC PDUpad --
??46??, ??1500?? Pad????,???????64??(?Data?46??
,??Pad) FCS ?????(CRC-32)
42???
?n
?n1
PA
??? gt 9.6 ms
- ??????????????9.6ms???
- ??????????????
436.6 ?????
1. 100Mbps ?????
- ???????(Fast Ethernet,FE),??100Base-TX?100Base-FX?
- ?10Mbps?????
- ?????????????????
- ????10?
- ??????????????IEEE802.3?
MAC??
100BaseFX
100BaseTX
100BaseT4
4?3? UTP
2?5? UTP
??
44?????????
- ??(????????)????(??)??????
- ???(????????)
- ??????
100BaseTX???
100Base TX???
UTP5
???????
??
UTP5
UTP5
UTP5
UTP5
??
100Base FX???
??
????????
453.FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface)
- ???????,?????
- ?????100Mbps?
- ??????????Token Passing,???????
- ?????????,????????(??km)?
???
???
???
??
464.?????(Gigabit Ethernet,GE)
- ????802.3z?802.3ab
- 802.3z 1000BaseX ??????/MMF/SMF
- 802.3ab 1000BaseT ??????(5?,6?)
- ??????
- 1000BaseX??? - 25?MMF - 550?SMF - 3km
- 1000BaseT 5???? - 100?
- ????????????10/100BaseT??
- ?????100BaseT?10?
- ???????????????IEEE802.3?
- ?????????????,?????????
476.7 LAN???(LAN??) ??
- LAN??????
- ???????????????????
- LAN?????
- ????????????????
- LAN???????
- ???/HUB - ?????????
- ??/??? - ???????????
- ??? - ?????????
48?????(???)
491.?????
???????-??????????N1???N2?????B?????????,????
???
- ????N1????????????N2??
- ????????????,??????????????N2???
- ??????N2?MAC?????N2?
- ??N2?N1????????????
50?????????LAN???
512.????????
523.???????
- ????(Transparency Bridge)
- ??????(Spanning Tree)????????????,????????????
???? - ?????(Source Routing Bridge)
- ??????????,???????????,??????
53IEEE802????
- ? ?????????????????????
- ??????????,??????????????????(?????)????????????
? - ??????????????????
????LAN???
??????????
54- ????? (????)
- ????????????1?????LANx??,?????????
- ???MAC??????????,?????
- ???MAC???????????,?????????????LAN
- ???MAC??????,???????,????1?????????????
55- ????????
- ??????????????????????????????
- ??????????????????,??????,??????????
- ?????????????TTL,?????????????????????????
56Bridges Spanning Tree
- for increased reliability, desirable to have
redundant, alternate paths from source to dest - with multiple simultaneous paths, cycles result -
bridges may multiply and forward frame forever - solution organize bridges in a spanning tree by
disabling subset of interfaces
57- ???????????
- ??????,??????,?????
- ??????????
- ??????????????
- ????????
- ?????????,????(????)
- ??????????
- ??????????????
58- ?????LAN???????
- ? ??????????
- ? ???????,????????
- ? ????????(???????????????????)
59??????
- ?????????????
- ????????(??/HUB?LAN_SWITCH)
- ??????????? ????????? ,
- ????????????????LAN?????,???????????????????
??(?????)????? - ??????????????
- ?????10Mbps,n?????,???????10/n Mbps
- ???????????????????????,??CSMA/CD???,
?????(n/2n)10Mbps,????????10Mbps
60??????
6110Mbps ?????
??????,????????????? 8??????4?????, ???
(8/2)10Mbps 40 Mbps ?????????????
???,????????1-2?????(100Mbps/1Gbps),????????????,?
???????????????????????????Big-Pipe?
62????????(?10Mbps???????) (1) ??????????10Mb
ps?? (2) ???????????????10Mbps??
?????Switch
??10M
HUB
HUB
??10M
??10M
??10M
635.8 ?????VLAN
- ???VLAN?
- ? VLAN??????,????????????
- ???????????
- ??????VLAN?
- ? ?????????
- ? ????????
- ? ?????????
- ? ?????????????????
- ??VLAN???????????,VLAN???
- ????,??VLAN????????????
- VLAN???????????
64????????
?????????????????,??????
HUB
HUB
???
???
?????????????????,??????,?????????????
Switch
??????????????
?????????,?????????????????????????,????????????
HUB
HUB
???
???
65??VLAN
Switch
???
???
HUB
HUB
??VLAN?????????
66????????????,?????????????????????VLAN????????????
Switch
Switch
Switch
Switch
1?
3?
6?
??
VLAN 2
VLAN 1
VLAN 3
??
??
67- VLAN??
- VLAN????IEEE802.1Q???
- VLAN???????VLAN??,??????????????????/?????(4???)??
?VLAN?????????? - ???????????,??VLAN???????????VLAN??,??????VLAN????
- ???VLAN???????????,??????VLAN??????????VLAN??,????
??????????(???????)
68- VLAN?????
- ???????(???)???1,2,3,6??????VLAN1,????????????????
??VLAN1? - ?MAC??
- ?IP??(???)
- VLAN???
- ??????,??????????VLAN?
- ?????????????
- ????????????,???????????,?????????????
- ???????,??????????????????LAN?????
69????
- ???????????
- ??????
- ?????
- ?????
- ?????VLAN