Landuse Planning

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Landuse Planning
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Landuse Planning

• What Is Landuse Planning?
• Landuse Planning - a process for deciding the
  best present and future use of each parcel of
  land in an area

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Landuse Planning

• Who Does Landuse Planning?
• Corporate officers
• Government agents
• Leaders of institutions
• Planning commissions
• Military
• Professional planners

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Landuse Planning

• What Is a Landuse Plan?
• A policy decisionA formalized concept of what a
  company, city, or neighborhood intends for itself
  and thus will strive to become
• An articulation of planning goals - the driving
  force behind landuse planning

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Landuse Planning

• Landuse Planning Realms
• Three Planning Realms
• Decision-Making Planning
• Technical Planning
• Landscape Design

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Landuse Planning

• Landuse Planning Realms
• Three Planning Realms
• Decision-Making Planning
• Carried out by planning commissions and corporate
  boards
• Developing methods and means for arriving at
  planning decisions

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Landuse Planning

• Landuse Planning Realms
• Three Planning Realms
• Technical Planning
• Environmental inventories
• Soil
• Vegetation
• Engineering
• Environmental impact assessment

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Landuse Planning

• Landuse Planning Realms
• Three Planning Realms
• Technical Planning
• Who does technical planning?
• Geographers
• Economists
• Engineers
• Scientists
• Architects

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Landuse Planning

• Landuse Planning Realms
• Three Planning Realms
• Landscape Design
• The laying out of the configuration of the uses,
  features, and facilities that are to be built,
  changed, or preserved by virtue of the
  decision-makers decisions

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity
• Environmental Inventory
• Site Assessment
• Land Capability Assessment
• Hazard Assessment
• Risk Management Planning

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity
• Restoration Planning
• Site Selection
• Feasibility Studies
• Facilities Planning
• Master Planning

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity
• Environmental Inventory
• Goal - to provide a catalog and description of
  features and resources of a study area
• Underlying Philosophy - to understand what exists
  in an area before planning alternatives can be
  devised

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity
• Environmental Inventory
• Components
• Water features
• Slopes
• Floodplains
• Soil
• Vegetation
• Archeological artifacts
• Rare and endangered species

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Site Assessment
• A prepurchase environmental profile of a site
  highlighting whatever conditions might be
  important to land value or purchase agreements

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Site Assessment
• Components
• Phase I Assessment
• Phase II Assessment

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Land Capability Assessment
• Goal - to determine what types of use and how
  much use the land can accommodate without
  degradation

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Hazard Assessment
• Goal - to identify dangerous zones in the
  environment where landuse is or would be in
  jeopardy of damage and destruction
• Floods
• Earthquakes

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Risk Management Planning
• Goal - to build strategies and contingency plans
  to cope with hazards and provide emergency relief
  services

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Restoration Planning
• Goal - to address environments such as wetlands,
  stream channels, and shorelines that have been
  degraded by landuse activites
• Wetland mitigation
• Waste disposal sites

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Site Selection
• Goal - to find an appropriate site for a
  particular landuse
• Environmental factors
• Economic factors

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Feasibility Study
• Goal - to determine the most appropriate landuse
  for a site

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Facility Planning
• Goal - site, plan, and design installations that
  are depenent on structural and mechanical systems
• Sewage treatment plants
• Airports

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Master Planning
• Goal - to present a comprehensive framework to
  guide landuse changes
• Economic development
• Environmental conditions
• Demographics
• Transportation

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Landuse Planning

• Areas of Activity in Landuse Planning
• Master Planning
• Components of Master Plan
• Proposed landuses
• Physical plan showing recommended locations and
  configurations of proposed landuses
• Methodology for implementing the master plan that
  identifies funding sources

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Landuse Planning

• Methods of Landuse Control
• Local Governments
• Zoning - process in which various parcels of land
  are designated for a certain use

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Landuse Planning

• Methods of Landuse Control
• Local Governments
• Zoning
• Zoning Categories
• Commercial
• Residential
• Industrial
• Floodplains
• Forest Preserves

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Landuse Planning

• Methods of Landuse Control
• Local Governments
• Zoning
• Issues
• Influenced by developers because local
  governments rely on property taxes
• Favors high-priced housing and factories
• Can be too strict and discourage use of
  innovative uses to solving urban problems

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Landuse Planning

• Methods of Landuse Control
• Local Governments
• Permit Restrictions
• Building permits
• Sewer hookups
• Road construction

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Landuse Planning

• Methods of Landuse Control
• State and Federal Governments
• Conservation Easement - tax breaks to landowners
  who agree to use land only for specified purposes
  (e.g. agriculture)

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Landuse Planning

• Methods of Landuse Control
• State and Federal Governments
• Taxation - tax land based on its use as
  agricultural land or forestland rather than its
  fair market value based on its economically
  highest potential use.
• Prevents farmers and other landowners from being
  forced to sell land to pay their tax bills

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Landuse Planning

• Methods of Landuse Control
• State and Federal Governments
• Land Trust - money designated to purchase
  ecologically valuable land this land is then
  off-limits to development
• Land Development Rights - restrict the way land
  can be used

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Landuse Planning

• Methods of Landuse Control
• State and Federal Governments
• Environmental Impact Analysis
• Subsidies