Copy the following chart on Portfolio p123 (17.1)

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Copy the following chart on Portfolio p123 (17.1)
Group Response to Emancipation Proclamation
Abolitionists (three (3) lines for each group)
Northern Democrats (three (3) lines for each group)
Union Soldiers (three (3) lines for each group)
White Southerners (three (3) lines for each group)
Slaves (three (3) lines for each group)
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Copy the following chart on Portfolio p124
Reasons
Results
(4 results)
1) 2) 3)
Emancipation Proclamation
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CHAPTER 17 THE TIDE OF WAR TURNS
Section 1 The Emancipation Proclamation

• Today we will discuss the Emancipation
  Proclamation and its impact.

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Vocabulary

• emancipation the act of freeing someone
• proclamation an announcement
• recognize to identify or acknowledge formally

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What We Already Know

• Lincoln believed slavery was morally wrong.

Read aloud with me!
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What We Already Know
Read aloud with me!

• In a battle fought near Antietam Creek in
  Maryland, Union forces had finally won a slim
  victory against Confederate general Robert E. Lee.

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What We Already Know
Read aloud with me!

• Britain was considering giving aid to the
  Confed-eracy, even though Britain was opposed to
  slavery.

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Calls for Emancipation

• Abolitionists criticized President Lincoln
  because he had not ended slavery.
• Some even said his lack of action helped the
  Confederacy.

William Lloyd Garrison
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Calls for Emancipation

• Lincoln did not emancipate slaves when the war
  began because his first priority was to preserve
  the Union.
• Also, he wasnt certain that he had the power to
  free them.

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Calls for Emancipation

• He also did not want to anger pro-Union groups in
  the South and the border states.
• He knew many white Northerners opposed
  emancipation.
• Lincoln wanted to bring the Union back together,
  not have the issue of slavery divide the nation
  even further.

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Calls for Emancipation

• But Lincoln finally settled on three reasons for
  issuing a proclamation of emancipation.
• First, abolitionists like Frederick Douglass
  convinced Lincoln that making abolition a goal of
  the war would cause tens of thousands of free
  blacks to enlist in the Union army.

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Calls for Emancipation

• He also knew that if emancipation became a war
  aim, it would change the war from a disagreement
  over the nature of the Union to a war over
  slavery.
• This would make it more difficult for Britain to
  recognize the Confederacy as an official country.

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Calls for Emancipation

• Lincoln realized how important slave labor was to
  the South.
• Without it, the South would grow weak and be
  easier to defeat.
• By the summer of 1862, the president had decided
  in favor of emancipating enslaved African
  Americans.

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Calls for Emancipation

• But the Confederacy had won most major battles so
  far, and Lincoln needed a victory before issuing
  the proclamation.
• Otherwise, it could be seen as a desperate act by
  a country losing its war.

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Calls for Emancipation

• McClellans victory over Lee at Antietam gave
  Lincoln the opportunity to act.

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Get your whiteboards and markers ready!
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1. Why did Lincoln hesitate to free the slaves
when the war began, but then decide in favor of
emancipation?
Choose the statement that is NOT true!
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1. Why did Lincoln hesitate to free the slaves
when the war began, but then decide in favor of
emancipation?

1. He did not believe he had the power under the
   Constitution to abolish slavery where it already
   existed.
2. He did not want to anger the four slave states
   that remained in the Union.
3. He knew that most Northern Democrats, and many
   Republicans, opposed emancipation.
4. He was concerned about the effects of
   emancipation on the national economy.

Choose the statement that is NOT true!
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Why did Lincoln decide in favor of emancipation?
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Why did Lincoln decide in favor of emancipation?

1. He used it as a political tactic to split the
   Northern Democratic Party.
2. He knew that without slave labor, the South would
   grow weak and be easier to defeat.
3. He knew that emancipation would irritate and
   annoy Southerners.
4. Grant's victory at New Orleans had stirred the
   nation and made the people more supportive of
   emancipation.

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2. What battlefield victory gave Lincoln the
opportunity to issue the Emancipation
Proclamation?

1. Chancellorsville
2. Second Bull run
3. Antietam
4. Gettysburg

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The Emancipation Proclamation

• As of January 1, 1863, Lincolns Emancipation
  Proclamation would free all the slaves in
  Confederate states still in rebellion against the
  United States.
• Lincoln argued that ending slavery would weaken
  the Confederacy. As Commander-in-Chief, he was
  allowed to take such action.
• Lincoln did not have the power to end slavery in
  the North, but he did ask Congress to gradually
  abolish slavery everywhere.

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The Emancipation Proclamation

• Since the proclamation only applied to slaves in
  the Confederacy, where Lincoln couldnt enforce
  it, few slaves were affected.
• But it was an important symbolic measure. For the
  North, the Civil War was now a war of liberation.

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Get your whiteboards and markers ready!
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What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

• The Emancipation Proclamation was an executive
  order issued by Abraham Lincoln freeing the
  slaves in all regions that were in rebellion
  against the Union on January 1, 1863.

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3. Why were few slaves freed by the Emancipation
Proclamation?
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3. Why were few slaves freed by the Emancipation
Proclamation?

1. It only freed slaves in the Border States.
2. It only freed slaves in slave states that
   remained loyal to the Union.
3. It only freed slaves in United States
   territories.
4. It only freed slaves in states still in rebellion
   against the United States.

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Response to the Proclamation

• In the North, abolitionists rejoiced, although
  many believed that Lincoln should free all
  slaves, including those in the border states.

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Response to the Proclamation

• Many Northern Democrats worried that the
  proclamation would only prolong the war by
  further angering the South.

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Response to the Proclamation

• Most Union soldiers welcomed emancipation because
  it would help to weaken the South.

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Response to the Proclamation

• Southern whites were outraged at the thought that
  Lincoln was threatening their way of life.

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Response to the Proclamation

• With so many Southern men away fighting far from
  the plantations, news of the proclamation caused
  slaves to become defiant and disobedient.

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Response to the Proclamation

• Whenever the Northern armies drew near, many
  slaves ran away to Union lines, depriving the
  Confederacy of labor.

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Get your whiteboards and markers ready!
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How did Southerners react to the Emancipation
Proclamation?

1. Most ignored it as something that could never be
   done.
2. Most were outraged because it threatened their
   way of life.
3. Most were unaware of it, since Southern
   newspapers didnt write about it.
4. Most trivialized it by making jokes about it.

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4. How did the Emancipation Proclamation change
the course of the war?
Choose all that are true!
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4. How did the Emancipation Proclamation change
the course of the war?

1. It freed over 8 million slaves immediately.
2. It informed European nations that the war was now
   a holy war for freedom.
3. It forced the Confederacy into the position of
   fighting a war specifically to preserve slavery.
4. It announced that African Americans would be
   allowed to enlist in the Union army.

Choose all that are true!
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Lesson 17.1b The Emancipation Proclamation and
African American Soldiers

• Today we will describe the role of black soldiers
  in the Civil War.

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What We Already Know

• By the summer of 1862, the Confederacy had won
  most major battles and Lee was preparing to
  invade Maryland.

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What We Already Know

• With every rebel victory, the British government
  grew closer to recognizing the Confederacy and
  providing it with aid.

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What We Already Know

• President Lincoln issued the Emancipation
  Proclamation, freeing all slaves in Confederate
  hands and forcing Britain to withhold aid from
  the South.

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African American Soldiers

• Before the Emancipation Proclamation, the
  government had discouraged black enlistment.

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African American Soldiers

• Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation invited
  African Americans to join the Union army.
• Frederick Douglass praised the decision,
  believing that military service by blacks would
  guarantee their rights to citizenship.

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African American Soldiers

• After emancipation, African Americans rushed to
  join the army.

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African American Soldiers

• By the end of the war, 180,000 Black soldiers had
  fought for the Union army.

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African American Soldiers

• African-American soldiers fought in all-black
  units led by white officers.

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African American Soldiers

• African Americans often were assigned the worst
  jobs and paid less than white soldiers.

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African American Soldiers

• But African American soldiers showed great
  courage on the battlefield.

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The 54th Massachusetts

• The most famous black regiment of the war was the
  54th Massachusetts.

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The 54th Massachusetts

• The regiments bravery at Fort Wagner, South
  Carolina in July 1863 made it popular in the
  North, and increased African American enlistment.

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The 54th Massachusetts

• Sergeant W.H. Carney was awarded the Medal of
  Honor for his bravery in recovering the Union
  colors at Fort Wagner.

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The 54th Massachusetts

• African Americans faced greater danger than
  whites if captured.

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• Southerners rarely took African Americans as
  prisoners.

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The 54th Massachusetts

• Instead, they often executed black soldiers or
  returned them to slavery.

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Get your whiteboards and markers ready!
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5. How did the 54th Massachusetts Regiment become
famous?
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5. How did the 54th Massachusetts Regiment become
famous?

1. As the first African American military unit to
   see combat
2. For its heroism at Fort Wagner
3. As the first American military unit to be
   commanded by black officers
4. For being the largest black regiment of the war

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6. Why did African American soldiers often face
greater hardships than white soldiers, and
greater danger if captured?
Choose all that are true!
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6. Why did African American soldiers often face
greater hardships than white soldiers, and
greater danger if captured?

1. They were never allowed to rise above the rank of
   private.
2. They were often given the worst jobs.
3. They were given less pay.
4. When captured, they were frequently shot or
   returned to slavery.

Choose all that are true!
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Study Questions 17.1 (1-6) Copy the following
SQs on Portfolio p51

• Why did Lincoln hesitate to free the slaves when
  the war began, but then decide in favor of
  emancipation?
• 2. What battlefield victory gave Lincoln the
  opportunity to issue the Emancipation
  Proclamation?
• 3. Why were few slaves freed by the Emancipation
  Proclamation?
• 4. How did the Emancipation Proclamation change
  the course of the war?
• 5. How did the 54th Massachusetts become famous?
• 6. Why did black soldiers often face greater
  hardships than white soldiers, and great danger
  if captured?