Title: CHALLENGE
1CHALLENGE
- CPR/AED FOR THE Lay Responder
2CHALLENGES
- Challenges provide an opportunity for those with
current or expired certifications to recertify or
to extend the length of their certifications
without taking a complete course. Participants
must pass the written test with a score of 80 or
higher and be able to successfully demonstrate
the appropriate skills to the instructor without
prior demonstration from the instructor. - This PowerPoint presentation is designed to
assist in preparation of a successful Challenge.
The format is very brief because we are making
this available to lifeguards who are Challenging
in order to extend their Lifeguard Training
Certification. Our assumption is that you are
using this material as a review and should not
require the specifics for each topic. If you
have questions, refer to your text or question
the instructor before the Challenge begins.
3CHALLENGE COURSE OUTLINE
- Written Exam 30-55 Questions. 80 .
- Skills.
- Removing Gloves.
- Primary Survey.
- Rescue Breathing (Adult, Child, Infant)
- Conscious Choking (Adult, Child)
- Unconscious Choking (Adult, Child, Infant)
- Adult CPR/AED
- Child CPR/AED
- Infant CPR
- Standard First Aid
Student CPR Training Mask Must Be Used During
Rescue Breathing.
4Concerns for Lay Responders
- Liability
- Unsure what to do
- Disease Transmission
- Afraid of causing more pain/injury
- Scene not safe
- Other people watching
- Not knowing its an emergency
5OBTAIN CONSENT
- Tell the victim your name your level of
training. - Can I help?
- What may be wrong -- what I can do to help.
6VICTIM DOES NOT GIVE CONSENT?
- DO NOT GIVE CARE.
- Call 9-1-1.
- Victim is unconscious, confused, seriously ill,
under age -- not able to give consent --
consent is implied.
7STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
- Avoid contact
- Blood.
- Other body fluids.
- Protective equipment
- Disposable gloves.
- Breathing barriers.
- Footwear.
- Wash hands with soap and water.
8PREVENTIVE STEPS WHEN BLOOD SPILL OCCURS
- Clean up immediately.
- Use protective equipment.
- Wipe up the spill.
- Flood area for 20 minutes -- ¼ cup bleach/1
gallon water. - Dispose of material properly.
9EMERGENCY ACTION STEPS
CHECK CALL CARE
10CHECK THE SCENE
- Scene is safe ?
- What happened ?
- Victims ?
- Bystanders ?
- Anyone providing care ?
- 9-1-1 ?
- CHECK THE VICTIM
11MOVING A VICTIM
- MOVES
- Clothing Drag.
- Two-Person Seat Carry.
- Walking Assist.
- Blanket Drag.
- Foot Drag.
- MOVE ONLY IF
- Scene becoming unsafe.
- To reach another victim with more serious injury.
- To provide proper care.
12CHECK FOR SIGNS OF LIFEA AIRWAYB
BREATHINGC CIRCULATION
13important reminder
TO OPEN THE AIRWAY DO A HEAD TILT AND CHIN
LIFT NO BREATHING? GIVE 2 BREATHS FOR 1 SECOND
EACH
14ADULT 12 YEARS AND UPIf breaths went in, look
for severe bleeding as you place your hands to
start chest compressions.CHILD 1 YEAR TO 12If
breaths go in, check for pulse, groove at side of
the neck for 10 seconds INFANT NEWBORN TO 1If
breaths go in, check for pulse, on inside of arm
between elbow and shoulder for 10 secnds
15CALL 9-1-1 ADULT FIRST IF THEY ARE
UNCONSCIOUS CHILD OR INFANT - AFTER 2 MINUTES OF
CARE IF ALONE AND NO KNOWN HEART CONDITION OR DID
NOT WITNESS COLLAPSE
16CARE FOR THE CONDITIONS YOU
FINDADULT No breathing 2 breaths and begin CPR
30 COMPRESSIONS/2 BREATHSCHILD/INFANT No
breathing has pulse Rescue Breathing 1breath/3
seconds 40 breaths /2 minutes then recheck
pulseNo breathing/no pulse begin CPR 30
COMRESSIONS/2 BREATHS 2 minutes5 cycles of 30/2
17AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
- VICTIM CLUTCHING THROAT WITH BOTH HANDS USUALLY
CHOKING. - UNCONSCIOUS TONGUE OFTEN BLOCKS AIRWAY.
- PARTIAL OBSTRUCTION WHEEZING SOUDS STILL
MOVING AIR. - COMPLETE CANNOT SPEAK BREATHE COUGH.
18BREATHING EMERGENCIES
NEAR DROWNING CHOKING ILLNESS HEART DISEASE
SHOCK ELECTRIC SHOCK HEART ATTACK STRESS
INJURY TO CHEST OR LUNGS ALLERGIC POISONING DRUGS
19SIGNS OF RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
- SKIN
- FLUSHED
- PALE
- ASHEN
- BLUISH
- GASPING
- NOISES
- WHEEZING
- GARGLING
- HIGH-PITCHED
- BREATHING
- SLOW OR RAPID
- SHORTNESS OF BREATH
- DIZZINESS - LIGHTHEADED
- TINGLING
- HANDS FEET
- CHEST PAIN
20important reminder
CHOKING MOST COMMON CAUSE OF RESPIRATORY
EMERGENCY.
21- SKILL CHECK CONSCIOUS CHOKING ADULT/CHILD
- SURVEY SCENE CHECK VICTIM.
- ASK VICTIM ARE YOU CHOKING?
- GET CONSENT.
- VICTIM CANNOT COUGH SPEAK BREATHE.
- 9-1-1.
- BEHIND VICTIM ONE FOOT BETWEEN LEGS KEEP
YOUR HEAD TO SIDE. - CHILD? STAND OR KNEEL.
- PLACE FIST AGAINST ABDOMEN.
- GRAB FIST GIVE QUICK, UPWRD THRUSTS.
- CONTINUE OBJECT FORCED OUT VICTIM BEGINS TO
BREATHE OR COUGH FORCEFULLY VICTIM UNCONSCIOUS.
22important reminder
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
RESPIRATORY ARREST
23- SKILL CHECK RESCUE BREATHING -- ADULT
- SURVEY SCENE CHECK VICTIM CONSCIOUS?
- TAP SHOUT RESPONDS? NO 9-1-1!
- HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT OPEN AIRWAY
LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL 5 SECONDS. - NOT BREATHING MASK -- GIVE 2 RESCUE BREATHS.
- BREATHS GO IN CHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION
REMOVE MASK FEEL FOR PULSE LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL
FOR SIGNS OF CIRCULATION NO MORE THAN 10
SECONDS. - LOOK FOR SEVERE BLEEDING.
- YOU FIND SIGNS OF CIRCULATION GIVE 1 BREATH
PER 5 SECONDS.
24- SKILL CHECK RESCUE BREATHING -- ADULT
- 1 MINUTE OF RESCUE BREATHING (ABOUT 12 BREATHS)
RECHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION BREATHING lt10
SECONDS. - STILL NOT BREATHING CONTINUE RESCUE BREATHING.
STOP AND CHECK EACH MINUTE. - NO SIGNS OF CIRCULATION GIVE CPR.
25- SKILL CHECK RESCUE BREATHING -- CHILD
- SURVEY SCENE CHECK VICTIM CONSCIOUS?
- TAP SHOUT RESPONDS? NO 9-1-1!
- HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT OPEN AIRWAY
LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL 5 SECONDS. - NOT BREATHING MASK -- GIVE 2 RESCUE BREATHS.
- BREATHS GO IN CHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION
REMOVE MASK FEEL FOR PULSE LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL
FOR SIGNS OF CIRCULATION NO MORE THAN 10
SECONDS. - LOOK FOR SEVERE BLEEDING.
- YOU FIND SIGNS OF CIRCULATION GIVE 1 BREATH
PER 3 SECONDS.
26- IF BREATHS DO NOT GO IN
- Reposition the airway and try 2 breaths again
- STILL NOT GOING IN?
- Give up to 30 chest compressions, look in mouth,
sweep if you see something and try 2 more breaths - Continue until breaths go in, then repeate youre
A-B-C and care for conditions found
27- SKILL CHECK RESCUE BREATHING CHILD/INFANT
- SURVEY SCENE CHECK VICTIM CONSCIOUS?
- TAP SHOUT RESPONDS? NO 9-1-1!
- HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT OPEN AIRWAY
LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL 10 SECONDS. - NOT BREATHING GIVE 2 RESCUE BREATHS.
- BREATHS GO IN CHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION -
FEEL FOR PULSE (BRACHIAL) LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL FOR
SIGNS OF CIRCULATION NO MORE THAN 10 SECONDS. - LOOK FOR SEVERE BLEEDING.
- YOU FIND SIGNS OF CIRCULATION GIVE 1 BREATH
PER 3 SECONDS.
28- SKILL CHECK RESCUE BREATHING -- INFANT
- 2 MINUTE OF RESCUE BREATHING (ABOUT 40 BREATHS)
RECHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION BREATHING. - STILL NOT BREATHING CONTINUE RESCUE BREATHING.
STOP AND CHECK EACH MINUTE. - NO SIGNS OF CIRCULATION GIVE CPR.
29- SKILL CHECK UNCONSCIOUS CHOKING
ADULT/CHILD/INFANT - SURVEY THE SCENE CHECK VICTIM
CONSCIOUS? - TAP SHOUT RESPONDS? NO 9-1-1!
- HEAD TILT, CHIN LIFT OPEN AIRWAY
LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL 5 SECONDS. - NOT BREATHING GIVE 2 RESCUE BREATHS.
- BREATHS DO NOT GO IN REPOSITION GIVE 2
BREATHS AGAIN. - BREATHS DO NOT GO IN 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS
- FOREIGN BODY CHECK (FINGER SWEEP IF VISIBLE AND
SURE YOU CAN REACH). - USE MASK GIVE 2 RESCUE BREATHS.
- BREATHS STILL DO NOT GO IN REPEAT SEQUENCE OF
5 ABDOMINAL THRUSTS FOREIGN BODY CHECK
REATTEMPT RESCUE BREATHS.
30important reminder
HEART ATTACK
CARDIAC ARREST
31important reminder
SIGNS OF A HEART ATTACK
CHEST PAIN (MORE THAN 3-5 MINUTES)
PAIN/DISCOMFORT SPREADING TO SHOULDER, JAW, ARM,
BACK NAUSEA BREATHING DIFFICULTY SWEATING
CHANGE IN SKIN APPEARANCE DIZZINESS OR
UNCONSCIOUSNESS.
32COMMON CAUSES FOR THE HEART TO FAIL
ADULT CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASE
CHILD/INFANT-BREATHING EMERGENCY,BLOW TO
CHEST,TRAUMA
33C P R
- COMBINES RESCUE BREATHING CHEST COMPRESSIONS.
- CIRCULATES OXYGEN RICH BLOOD TO VITAL ORGANS
- MUST NOT BE DELAYED
- MORE SUCCESSFUL WHEN AN AED IS USED AS WELL
- SAVES LIVES!!!!!!!
34CARDIAC CHAIN OF SURVIVAL
EARLY RECOGNITION
EARLY CPR
EARLY DEFIBRILLATION
EARLY ADVANCED LIFE SUPPORT
35- SKILL CHECK CPR -- ADULT
- SURVEY SCENE CHECK VICTIM CONSCIOUS?
- TAP SHOUT RESPONDS? NO 9-1-1!
- HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT OPEN AIRWAY
LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL 10 SECONDS. - NOT BREATHING MASK -- GIVE 2 RESCUE BREATHS.
- BREATHS GO IN CHECK FOR SEVERE BLEEDING.
- BEGIN CPR LOCATE HAND POSITION GIVE 30 CHEST
COMPRESSIONS (COMPRESS ABOUT 2 INCHES) FOLLOWED
BY 2 BREATHS. - COTINUE UNTIL YOU SEE AN OBVIOUS SIGN OF LIFE,
AN AED IS READY TO USE, ADVANCED CARE TAKES
OVER,TOO EXHAULSTED TO CONTINUE
36- SKILL CHECK CPR -- ADULT
- USE MASK GIVE 2 BREATHS.
- REPEAT AT LEAST 3 MORE CYCLES OF 15/2 REMOVE
MASK RECHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION BREATHING
FOR NO MORE THAN 10 SECONDS. - STILL NO SIGNS CONTINUE CYCLES OF 15/2
RECHECK SIGNS EVERY FEW MINUTES.
37- SKILL CHECK CPR -- CHILD
- SURVEY SCENE CHECK VICTIM CONSCIOUS?
- TAP SHOUT RESPONDS? NO 9-1-1!
- HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT OPEN AIRWAY
LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL 5 SECONDS. - NOT BREATHING MASK -- GIVE 2 RESCUE BREATHS.
- BREATHS GO IN CHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION
REMOVE MASK FEEL FOR PULSE LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL
FOR SIGNS OF CIRCULATION NO MORE THAN 10
SECONDS. - LOOK FOR SEVERE BLEEDING.
- NO SIGNS OF CIRCULATION LOCATE HAND POSITION
GIVE 5 CHEST COMPRESSIONS USING ONE HAND
(COMPRESS ABOUT 1½ INCHES).
38- SKILL CHECK CPR -- CHILD
- USE MASK GIVE 1 BREATH.
- REPEAT AT LEAST 11 MORE CYCLES OF 5/1 REMOVE
MASK RECHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION BREATHING
FOR NO MORE THAN 10 SECONDS. - STILL NO SIGNS CONTINUE CYCLES OF 5/1
RECHECK SIGNS EVERY FEW MINUTES.
39- SKILL CHECK CPR -- INFANT
- SURVEY SCENE CHECK VICTIM CONSCIOUS?
- GENTLY TAP SHOUT RESPONDS? NO 9-1-1!
- HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT OPEN AIRWAY
LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL 5 SECONDS. - NOT BREATHING MASK -- GIVE 2 RESCUE BREATHS.
- BREATHS GO IN CHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION
REMOVE MASK FEEL FOR PULSE (USE BRACHIAL PULSE)
LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL FOR SIGNS OF CIRCULATION NO
MORE THAN 10 SECONDS. - LOOK FOR SEVERE BLEEDING.
- NO SIGNS OF CIRCULATION LOCATE FINGER POSITION.
40- SKILL CHECK CPR -- INFANT
- GIVE 5 CHEST COMPRESSIONS IN LESS THEN 3 SECONDS
USING TWO FINGERS (OTHER HAND IS ON INFANTS
FOREHEAD) (COMPRESS ABOUT ½ TO 1 INCH). - USE MASK GIVE 1 BREATH.
- REPEAT AT LEAST 19 MORE CYCLES OF 5/1 REMOVE
MASK RECHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION BREATHING
FOR NO MORE THAN 10 SECONDS. - STILL NO SIGNS CONTINUE CYCLES OF 5/1
RECHECK SIGNS EVERY FEW MINUTES.
41- SKILL CHECK TWO-RESCUER CPR -- ADULT
- R-1 SURVEY SCENE CHECK VICTIM CONSCIOUS?
- R-1 TAP SHOUT RESPONDS? NO 9-1-1!
- R-1 HEAD TILTCHIN LIFT OPEN AIRWAY
LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL 5 SECONDS. - R-1 NOT BREATHING MASK GIVE 2 RESCUE
BREATHS. - R-1 BREATHS GO IN CHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION
FOR NO MORE THAN 10 SECONDS. - R-2 NO SIGNS OF CIRCULATION LOCATE HAND
POSITION GIVE 15 COMPRESSIONS AFTER R-1 SAYS
VICTIM HAS NO SIGNS OF CIRCULATION. BEGIN CPR. - R-1 CHECKS IF COMPRESSIONS ARE EFFECTIVE
FEELING CAROTID ARTERY.
42BAG-VALVE-MASK (BVM)
- Used to move more O2.
- Use for respiratory distress.
- Self-inflating bag one-way valve mask.
- Protects against disease.
- Increases O2 levels in blood.
- Highly effective by 2 rescuers tight seal
effective ventilations.
43- SKILL CHECK BVM RESUCITATOR - TWO-RESCUERS
- R-1 SURVEY SCENE CHECK VICTIM CONSCIOUS?
- R-1 TAP SHOUT RESPONDS? NO 9-1-1!
- R-1 HEAD TILTCHIN LIFT OPEN AIRWAY
LOOK-LISTEN-FEEL 5 SECONDS. - R-1 NOT BREATHING MASK GIVES 2 RESCUE
BREATHS. - R-1 BREATHS GO IN CHECK SIGNS OF CIRCULATION
FOR NO MORE THAN 10 SECONDS PATIENT HAS SIGNS
OF CIRCULATION. - R-1 ASSEMBLES BVM POSITIONS MASK OF BVM.
- R-2 SEALS MASK OPENS AIRWAY.
44- SKILL CHECK BVM RESUCITATOR - TWO-RESCUERS
- R-1 BEGINS VENTILATIONS BY SQUEEZING BAG JUST
ENOUGH FOR CHEST TO CLEARLY RISE. - R-1 1 VENTILATION EVERY 5 SECONDS.
- R-2 COUNTS OUT LOUD ONE-ONE THOUSAND,
TWO-ONE THOUSAND - R-1 CHECKS SIGNS OF CIRCULATION BREATHING
AFTER 12 BREATHS NO MORE THAN 10 SECONDS. - VICTIM HAS SIGNS OF CIRCULATION R-1 REPLACES
BVM R-2 SEALS AND OPENS AIRWAY R-1 CONTINUES
TO VENTILATES. - VICTIM HAS NO SIGNS OF CIRCULATION RESCUERS
BEGIN 2 PERSON CPR.
45- SKILL CHECK TWO-RESCUER CPR -- ADULT
- R-1 USE MASK 2 RESCUE BREATHS.
- R-1 R-2 REPEAT 3 MORE CYCLES OF 15/2.
- R-1 REMOVES MASK RECHECKS CIRCULATION
BREATHING NO MORE THAN 10 SECONDS. - NO SIGNS OF CIRCULATION R-1 R-2 CONTINUE
15/2 CYCLES RECHECK EVERY FEW MINUTES. - TO CHANGE POSITION
- R-2 CALLS CHANGE AT END OF 15.
- R-1 GIVES 2 BREATHS.
- R-2 MOVES TO HEAD CHECKS FOR CIRCULATION
BREATHING NO MORE THAN 10 SECONDS.
46- SKILL CHECK TWO-RESCUER CPR -- ADULT
- R-1 MOVES TO CHEST FINDS HAND POSITION.
- R-2 NO PULSE, BEGIN CPR.
- R-1 PROVIDES 15 COMPRESSIONS.
- R-2 PROVIDES 2 BREATHS.
- R-1 R-2 CONTINUE 15/2 CYCLES.