Influenza: An Impending Pandemic - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Influenza: An Impending Pandemic

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: Rashid A. Chotani, MD, MPH Assistant Professor, School of Medicine, School of Public Health – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Influenza: An Impending Pandemic


1
????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????
Rashid A. Chotani, MD, MPH Assistant Professor,
School of Medicine, School of Public Health
Director, Global Infectious Disease Surveillance
Alert System Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Public Health 410-502-3116 rchotani_at_jhsph.edu
?????? ? ????????? ????. ?-?. ?????????
???????, MD, PhD (estikova_at_ukim.edu.mk) ??????
????? ??. ????? ? ??????? ??????????
???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??
?????? ?-?. ??????? ????????? MD
(mircevska_at_gmail.com) ????? ?????????? -
?????????? ????? ?? ???????????
??????? ?????? ????????? -?????????? ????? ??
??????????? ???????
2
????? ?? ????
  • ??? ????
  • A, B, C
  • ?????????? ????????
  • H (????????????)
  • N (?????????????)
  • ??? A ??????? ??? ??? ???????
  • H3N2, H1N1 (????, ????? ??????)
  • H7N7 (?????? 2003, ?????????)
  • H5N2 (?????? ???????)
  • H9N2 (?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????, ???? 2003)
  • H5N1 (???? ????????, ??????, ??????? ??
    ???????????)

Credit L. Stammard, 1995
3
????? ?? ????
4
(No Transcript)
5
??????? ???? A(H1N1)1918 -19
??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????
???? ?? ????? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????? ????
1918-19 ????????? 20 ??????? ???? ?? ??????
????? ? ????? 500 000 ?? ???
6
???????? ????????? ?? 1918
7
????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???? ?? 1918 ??????????
????? ?? ??????? ? ????????
8
?????? ???? A(H2N2)1957-58
?? ????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??
1957-59, ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?????????, ??????
????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ??
?????????. ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???
?????? ? ????? 70 000 ?? ???.
9
?????? ?? H2N2 ?????? ?? 1957 ?????? ????
10
???? ???? ???? A(H3N2)1968-69
??????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? 1968 ??????
?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????????
???. ???????????? ???? ?? 1968-69 ??? ?????? ??
1 ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ? ????? 34 000 ?? ???.
11
???????????? ???????? ?? ????
12
?????????
  • ????????? ???????? ????? (cluster) ?? ??????
  • ????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????
  • ?????????a ????????ja drift
  • ??????a ?? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ??
    ???????? ??????? ? ????????
  • ?????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??
    ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????
  • ?????????? ??????a -shift
  • ??????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ????? ????????
    ?????????????????
  • ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????????
    ?? ????????? ???????

13
???????????? ??? ????
Migratory water birds
Source WHO/WPRO
14
???????????? (?????)
Migratory water birds
Source WHO/WPRO
15
?? ????? ?? ????
  • ???? ????, ???? 1997, H5N1
  • ???? ????, ???? 1999, H9N2
  • ????????? 2003, H7N7
  • ???? ????, ???? 2003, H5N1

Migratory water birds
Source WHO/WPRO
16
(No Transcript)
17
???????? (??? ????)
Source WHO/WPRO
18
?????? ???? A(H5N1), 1998
???????? ???? A(H5N1) ?????????? 18 ?????? ??
???? ? 6 ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ????.
?????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ??
?????? ? ?? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??
?????. ????? C. Goldsmith i J. Katz.
19
Home to roost cormorants crowd the treetops at
the Mai Po marshes nature reserve. Experts are
beginning tests on birds attracted to the marshes
to find out whether they could be spreading the
bird flu virus. Picture by Oliver Tsang
????????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??
????????
?????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? ??
??????? H5N1???? ?????????? ?? ????????? ??
????? ?????? ?? ????????
20
???? ?? ???? ???????? ????
???? ?? ???? ???????? ????
??????? ???
??????? ???
????? ??? ???
?????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ??
???????, ? ????? ?? ???????, ?? ?? ???? ????
????? ? ??? ??? ?? ? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????
?? ????.
21
(No Transcript)
22
?????? H5N1 ?????? ?? ?????????
  • ????????? ?? ??????? ?? 9 ?????
  • 34 ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ? 28 ??????
    ?????? (68)
  • ???????? gt100 ??????? ???????
  • ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????
  • 18 ?????? ?? ?????? ? 6 ?????? ?????? (33)
  • ??????? ??????
  • ????????? ?? ????? ?? 4
  • ?????
  • 7 ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????
  • 6 ?????? ?????? (86)
  • ?? ????? ?? ??????
  • H5N1 ????????? ?? ?????

2003
2004
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
23
H5N1 ???????? ???? ??????? ? ???? 2004
24
H5N1 ???????? ???? ???? ? ???????? 2004
25
H5N1 ???????? ???? ??????? ? ???? 2005
26
H5N1 ???????? ???? ???? ? ?????? 2005
27
Current Situation of Avian Influenza and human
cases related to the H5 virus subtype 

??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?
???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?5 ???????????
(????? 8 ???????, 2005)

28
?????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????
A/(H5N1) ??? ???? ?? 26-?? ???????? 2003 ?? 10
???????? 2005
Source WHO
Source WHO
29
?????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????
A/(H5N1) ??? ???? ?? 26 ???????? 2003 ?? 10
???????? 2005
Source WHO
30
??????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? A/H5N1 8 ???????
2005
????? http//europa.eu.int/comm/health/ph_threats
/com/Influenza/ai_current_en.htm
31
????????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????
Available at http//europa.eu.int/comm/health/ph_
threats/com/Influenza/images/influenza.jpg
32
Izvor http//europa.eu.int/comm/health/ph_threats
/com/Influenza/ai_recent_en.htm
33
??????? ?? ?????? ? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??
????? (02/03/2004)
34
????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ????????? ??
??????? ?? ??????? ??????????
35
?????? ?? ????????? ?? ????
Source WHO Global Influenza Program
36
??????? ?????? ?????????? ????
Source WHO Global Influenza Program
37
???????? ?????
Source WHO Global Influenza Program
38
?????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ???????
Source WHO Global Influenza Program
39
???????????? ?? ??????? - 2000
Source WHO Global Influenza Program
40
????????????
  • ?????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????????
  • - Amantidine (Symmetrel)
  • - Remantidine (Flumadine)
  • ?????????? ?? ???????????????
  • Zanamivir (Relenza)
  • ??? ????????? ?? 2.8 ??????? ????? ??
    ??????????? 84,300 ????
  • Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
  • Peramivir (??????? ? in vitro)???

41
???????
  • 16 ?????????, 2005 HHS
  • ??????? ?? ?????????
  • ??? ???????? 100 ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • ????????? ?? ? ???????? ?? FDA
  • ???????? ? ??????????? ????????
  • ??????? ?? 2 ?? 20
  • ??????? ??????????

42
  • ?????????? ?? ???????
  • ????????
  • ????????????
  • ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ????
  • ?????? ?? H5N1 ???????
  • ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??????

43
(No Transcript)
44
(No Transcript)
45
??????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???
??????????????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????????,
???? ?????? ??? ????
????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????
???????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????
?????????? ????????
???? ??? ? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? ??
?????
??? ????? ???????????? ??????
??? ????
???????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??
?????
???????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??
????? ?? ?????
?????????
????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????
46
?????? ??????????
  • ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????????
  • 2-7.4 ??????? ?????? ??????
  • ?? ?????????? ?????
  • 134-233 ??????? ??????????? ????????
  • 1.5-5.2 ??????? ???????? ????????
  • 25 ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??
    ????????? ?? ?????????? ????, ??????????? ? ??.

47
???????? ??????
  • ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??
    ?????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ?????????
    ??????
  • ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?
    ????? ?????
  • ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ??
    ?????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????????????
  • ????????? ?? ????????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ,
    ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ???????? ??
    ???????? ????????? ?? ????.

48
??????? ? ???????? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????????
?????????? ????? ??? ? ??????? ?? ????????????
?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ?? ?? ???????
????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????????
????????? ???????????, ? ?? ?????????
?????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?????????!!
49
IL BIOSCUDO (The Bio-shield) Daniore, Chotani et
al.
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