Title: Polygenic disease
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Polygenic disease
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???????????
3??? ?????
???????????
4??? ?????
???????????
- ??????????,??????????,????????,
????????????????,???????????(qualitative
character)? ????????????
5??? ?????
???????????
6? ? ? ?
7??? ?????
???????????
- ???????????????????,??????,??????????????,??
????????(quantitative character)??????????????????
??
8??? ?????
???????????
???????
9???????
? ?????????????,???????,????????? ???????????????
?,????? ?????????????????????,??????(minor
gene),??????????????,??????????,?????????????(addi
tive effect),???????????(additive
gene) ???????????????? ???????????????????,?????
????
10??? ?????
???????????
???????
??????????
11????????
?? ???? ????
AABB
AABB
?1? ????
AABB
?2?
AB AB AB AB
AB AABB AABB AABB AABB
AB AABB AABB AABB AABB
AB AABB AABB AABB AABB
AB AABB AABB AABB AABB
12????????
AABB
AABB
AABB
AABB
AABB
AABB
AABB
AABB
AABB
13P AABBCC
AABBCC
F1 AABBCC
14????????
15????????
16??? ??????
17(No Transcript)
18??? ??????
????????
- ???(susceptibility) ?????????????????????????????
?
- ???(liability) ??????????????????????????????????
?????????
19??? ??????
????????
- ??(threshold)???????????????
???
??
20µ
21??? ??????
????????
?????
?????,?????????????????????,??????????????????(her
itability),?????????????()????
22???? ?????() ??????????() ???()
?? 4.0 20 80
????? 1.0 16 80
?????? 48 2030 62
????? 4.0 8 37
?????? 0.2 7(?????) 70
2(?????)
????? 0.2 25 75
????? 23 1015 35
??? 2.5 7 65
??????? 0.3 2(?????) 75
10(?????)
???????? 0.07 4 70
?????? 0.1 3 68
?????? 0.02 2(?????) 80
8(?????)
???? 0.5 2 60
??? 0.3 4 60
???? 0.17 4 76
?? 0.04 2 76
23??? ??????
????????
?????
?????????????
- ??????????
- ??????????(????)???
24?7-2 ????????(??)?????????????
???? ????? ?????????
???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????
???? 0.001 400 40 7 3 ??? 0.001 300 25 5 2 ???????? 0.002 200 25 3 2 ??????? 0.005 80 10 5 1.5 ???? 0.001 400 40 7 3 ??? 0.001 300 25 5 2 ???????? 0.002 200 25 3 2 ??????? 0.005 80 10 5 1.5
25??? ??????
????????
?????
?????????????
- ??????????
- ??????????(????)???
- ?????????(??)???
26?7-3 ????????(??)?????
???? ???
???? ?? ??
???????? 0.015 0.007 ?????? 0.008 0.015 ??? 0.005 0.002 ??? 0.003 0.0025 ???? 0.0017 0.001 ???????? 0.015 0.007 ?????? 0.008 0.015 ??? 0.005 0.002 ??? 0.003 0.0025 ???? 0.0017 0.001
27??? ??????
????????
?????
?????????????
- ??????????
- ??????????(????)???
- ?????????(??)???
- ???????????????????
28??? ??????
????????
?????
?????????????
???????????????
29?????????????
(?)?????????
30?????????????
(?)?????????
????????????????,?????? ???????
31?????????????
(?)?????????
(?)????????
????,????????????,???????????
32?7-4 ?????????????????????()
????? ????? 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 2
? ? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????
??? () 0 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 2
100 1 7 14 11 24 34 63 65 67
1.0 80 1 6 14 8 18 28 41 47 52
50 1 4 8 4 9 15 15 21 26
100 0.1 4 11 5 16 26 62 63 64
0.1 80 0.1 3 10 4 14 23 60 61 62
50 0.1 1 3 1 3 9 7 11 15
33?????????????
(?)?????????
(?)????????
(?)??????
??????????????????????????????????,???????????
?
34??????
35??????
36?????????????
(?)?????????
(?)????????
(?)??????
(?)??????????
37Carter??
??????????????????????,????????????????
??????????,?????????????????,????????????,???????
???????,???Carter?? ?
38Carter ??
??
???????
39???????
40????????
41????????
42Carter ??
??
????????
43??? ????????? ?????
- ??????????,???????????????????????????????????????
?????????? - ????,????????????????????????????????????????
44??? ????????? ?????
- (?)???????(Lod?)
- Lod????????????????,???????????????,???????????,Lo
d??gt1,????Lod??gt3,????Lod??lt-2,????? - ??????????????????????????????
45???????????????????????
- (?)???????(Lod?)
- (?)????????
- ????????????????????????????????????????????
???,???????????????????? - ??????????????,???????????????????????????
??????????????????????,??????????????
46?7-5 ???????????????????
???? ?? ??lod? ???? ???()
IDDM1 6q21 7.3 3.1 42 IDDM2 11p15 2.1 1.3 40 IDDM3 15q26 ? ? ? IDDM4 11q13 3.4 1.3 ? IDDM5 6q24-q27 2.0 ? ?
47???????????????????????
- (?)???????(Lod?)
- (?)????????
- (?)????
- ???????????????????,??????????????????
??,??????? - ????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????
48???????????????????????
- (?)???????(Lod?)
- (?)????????
- (?)????
- (?)????
- ?????????,?????????????????????
- ???????????????
49??? ????????? ?????
50??????
- 1????????????
- ????????????????????????????????
- 2?????????DNA?????????????,?????????????????
- 3???????????????
- 4???????????????
- ???????????????????????????????????????
?,???????????????????
51??????
- ??????????????????
- ??
- ?????????????????,????????????
- ??????????????????,???????????,????????
???????????????? - ????????????
52????????
- ????????????????????????????????????????????(??)
??????????????(?????????)????????,????????,??????
????,?????????????????????????????? - ?????????????????????????????????
- ?????????????????????????????????
53??? ????????? ?????
54??????
- ???????????????????????2p14-2p23???
55??????????
- 1???????(AGT)??
- 2?????????(ACE)??
- 3?ß2-????????
- 5?a-??????(ADD1)
- 6?G-??ß3-???(GNß3)
56?????
- ?????,????????????????????????????????????,???????
??,???????
- 1????????
- 2?????????????
- 3?????????
57????
- ??????,6??8??22??????????????????????,?5-HT2a?DRD3
?NOTCH4?COMT?DISCI?DISCII????????????? - 6??16??18??21??22?? X????????????????????,?
SERT???????????? - 1??10??19???????????????????????,?A2M?ACE?APOE????
?????????
58???
- MEF2A??????????????????????
- MEF2A ?????????,????????????????????????
59???
- ?????(?????????,IDDM)
- ?????(???????,NIDDM)
60?????
- ????????,??HLA??????????
- ????,???HLA-A1?C1?B56?DR4?DQ8??????????,??50?????
????HLA-????(DR?DQ?DP)? - HLA-DQ B1?57????????(????????????)?HLA-DQ
A1??52?????????????
61?????
- ???IDDM?????
- IDDM 2(11p15)
- IDDM3(15q26)
- IDDM4(11q13)
- IDDM5(6q25)
- IDDM7(2q31)
- IDDM8(6q27)
- IDDM11(14q24.3-q31)
- IDDM12(2q33??CTLA4)
- IDDM13(2q34)
- GCK3(?????3,7p)
62?????
- ?????????????????????ß?????????2?????????????????
????????????
- ???????????????????????9?????9p21???
63?????
- 1???????????????????
- 2?????????????????
64????????
- 1???????????????????????Carter??
- 2??????????
- 3??????????????????????????
65???????