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INTERNET

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Title: INTERNET


1
?5? ?????
2
????
??????
?????
?????
?????????
???????????
3
????????
5.1 ???????
?????????????????????,?????????????????
?????? ????? ? ????
???????????
4
???
???
??
5
??????????,??????????????,???????????????????,
??????????????????????????????????,???21??????????
????
6
???????
5.1 ???????
(1) ???? (2) ???? (3)
????????? (4) ???????????????
?????????????,??????????????????,????????????????
???????????????,??????????????????????,???????????
??????
7
????????
5.1 ???????
  • ???????????????
  • ?????????????????????????CHINANET?
    ???????????????????????TCP/IP????,???????????INTER
    NET???
  • ???????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????

8
????????
5.1 ???????
???????????????? ???(LAN)
????(MAN)???(WAN)
9
(No Transcript)
10
????????
5.1 ???????
???????????????? ???(LAN)
????(MAN)???(WAN)
???(LAN,Local Area Network)
??????????????????????????????10????,?????????????
???(????????????),????????????.
???????????? (10 Mb/s1
000 Mb/s)
11
????????
5.1 ???????
???????????????? ???(LAN)
????(MAN)???(WAN)
??? MAN-Metropolitan Area Network
???????LAN,?????????????,????????????????,?????5
50???
12
????????
5.1 ???????
???????????????? ???(LAN)
????(MAN)???(WAN)
??? (WAN-Wide Area Network)
?????????(????????????????),??????????????????????
??????????????????????????(Internet)
13
??????????
5.1 ???????
???? ??????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????
  • ??
  • ???
  • ????
  • ??????

14
1.????????????????????
??????????????????? ????????????????????
15
2.???????????????,?????????????????,?????????????
?????
?????????????,???????????????????????,?????
??????? ???????(?????)????,?????????????????
???????
16
3.??????????????????????,??????????????????,?????
????????????
  • ??
  • ?????????????
  • ??????,???????????????
  • ???????????????????
  • ??
  • ??????????????????
  • ??????????,??????????

17
4. ?????????????????????????????,??????????
??????????????????????????????????????????
???????? ????????????????????????????????
18
5.1.3 ?????????????????
5.1 ???????
  • ????IP( Internetwork Protocol)
  • ???????,?????????????????????????????,????????
    ?????????????????????????????????????????

19
5.1.3 ?????????????????
5.1 ???????
  • ????IP( Internetwork Protocol)

???????????????????????????
???? ?????? ??????
20
5.1.3 ?????????????????
5.1 ???????
  • ????????
  • ????????????,????????????,???????????????
    ?????????????????????????,?????????,?????????,????
    ?????,?????????,???????????????????

21
5.1.3 ?????????????????
5.1 ???????
  • ???????
  • ?????????????
  • ????????????????????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ?????

22
??????
??????????????????????????,???????????,?????????,?
??????6??
??????
?????????????? ??????????? ???????????????????
??????????????????? ??????????????? ???????????
?????
??
???? ??
???? ??
??
????
????
???
???? ???
??? ????
??????
23
??????
??????????????,?????????,?????????,????????
???????,????????????????????,??????????????????,?
????????,?????????????????????,????????????????,??
???,???????????????????
24
5.1.3 ?????????????????
5.1 ???????
  • ??????????( OSI/RM)

Open System Interconnection/ Reference Model
25
  • ??????????( OSI/RM)

??????(ISO)?????????(OSI)?????????????????????????
?????????,?????????
26
  • ??????????( OSI/RM)

????,????????,?????????
????????????(????????????)
????,?????????(???????)????????????????(?0?1??)?
27
  • ??????????( OSI/RM)

28
5.2 ?????
  • ?????
  • ????????????????????????????.
  • ????????????????????3???????

29
5.2 ?????
??? ??? ??????????????? ??????
????. ?????? ?????????
?? ??
  • ?
  • ?
  • ?

?? ??
???????? ??????????????????? ??????
30
5.2 ?????
  • ????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????,??????
    ????????????????????????

????????????????????????????,?????????????
????????????
????????????????????????????,?????????????
???????
31
5.2 ?????
  • ???????

????? ?????,????????????
???,????????? ???/?????? ???????
???????????,???, ???
32
5.2.4 ??????
???????????????????????????,??????
????????,????????????
???????????????????????,?????????????????
33
5.2.4 ??????
  • ??????
  • 1)???(Hub)????????????????

???
??????
2)???(Switch)?????????,?????????,????????????????
?,?????????????????,???????????????????
34
5.2.4 ??????
  • ??????

3) ????????????????? ?????????????????????,?????
?,??????????,???????????? ,?????????????
35
5.2.4 ??????
????????????
????
?????????? ??????????
????
36
??????????????????
???
???
??
37
5.2.4 ??????
  • ??????

4) ??/???(Modem) ????????????????????????
???????????(????????),????????????????,???????????
??????????????????,??????????????????????Internet?
38
?????
??
??
??
??
?????????? ????????/??(bps)
9600bps?14400bps? 28800bps?33.6kbps?56kbps?112kbps
39
5.3 ?????
Internet???????,???????????????????????????
?????????????,??,?????????????,?????????
Internet ??TCP/lP??,IP??(Internet
Protocol),??????? TCP??(Transmission Control
Protocol)?????????
40
5.3 ?????
Internet??????????????????? TCP/IP??,???????AR
PAnet? 1983100??,???????????????
??????? 1997??193????????1600 ?????
?? 2000100????,??????,???10?? ?????????
41
?????????1994? ?????
?????????? ????? ???
?????
42
?????????
????? CSTNet ??? 1994?4? ??
?????????? CHINANet ??? 1995?5? ??
??????????? CERNET ??? 1995?11? ??
??????? CHINAGBN ??? 1995?11? ??
43
5.3.2 ?????TCP/IP??
?????????????????,??????????????,??????????
  • 1. ???????

????????????,??????????????????????? TCP,UDP
Telnet
FTP
HTTP
SMTP
???????TCP/IP???????????????????????,?????????????
?????????????????
OSI ? ?
????????????,?????????????????????????,???????????

TCP
UDP
IP ICMP ARP RARP
LLC(Logical Link Access)
MAC(Media Access Control)
Hardware
44
5.3.3 IP?????
1. ???? ?????????????????????,??????????
???????????????????????????,??????????,??,????????
???48???????? ??
?????????????????,????????????????????????????????
???????????????Internet?
45
5.3.3 IP?????
2. IP?? Internet?????????????,???????,
??IP????????????,?????????????????,???IP?????????,
???TCP/IP?????? IP?????4??(32?)?????,??????
????256??????,?????????,??xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx,
??????IP???204.71.200.75?
46
INTERNET??-IP
IP???????????? ?????????????
XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX
A?B?C
166.111.4.10
????????
47
  • IP????
  • ??????????????
  • ????????????????????(??
  • ???)?
  • ?????IP?????32??????,?4???,?????????0255???????,?
    ????????????IP??11001010 01110000 00011010
    00100001
  • ??202.112.26.33??256.45.121.89????IP???

11001010B202D
??255?
48
0
1
0
1
1
0
???????
??????
1.0.0.0125.255.255.255
128.0.0.0192.255.255.255
192.0.0.0223.255.255.255
49
5.3.3 IP?????
2????? IP???????,?????,????????????IP?
?????????,???Internet???IP???????????,??????????IP
??,???????????(DNS Domain Name Sever )????
50
5.3.3 IP?????
2????? ???? ??????????????????,???
???????????,??????????,??????,????? ???.n????,.?
????.???? ?????????? ????????cn?fr
????com?edu
51
INTERNET ??
  • com ????
  • edu ??
  • gov ????
  • INT ?????
  • mil ????
  • NET ???????

52
INTERNET ??
  • org ????
  • FILM ?????
  • STORE ??
  • ARTS ????
  • NOM ??
  • ???? cn,jp,fr ?

53
  • 2?????
  • ????????????,??????????????,?www.ibm.com??ibm????
    ???????,?www.ibm.com??WWW(????WWW?????)?
  • ?????????????,??????????????,???????????,?????????
    ??,?www.cust.edu.cn?

54
3??????(DNS )
5.3.3 IP?????
?????(DNS)?????????IP?????? ?????? ??www.njust.e
du.cn IP??202.119.80.20
DNS
??
55
4?????????
5.3.3 IP?????
???????IP??????IP????? ARP?RARP?????? ARP(Addres
s Resolution Protocol)???????,???IP?????????? RARP
Recerse Address Resolution Protocol)?????????,???
?????????IP???
56
  • e

57
5.3.4 ????????
  • 1. ??????
  • ??????
  • ?????
  • ??????
  • WWW?????????????????URL
  • 2. Internet ?????
  • (1) ????
  • (2) ??????Gopher
  • (3) ?????BBS

58
5.3.4 ????????
????(Electronic Mail) ????????????????????
???????????????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????, ??
?? ?????
59
?????????
??????? ???????(SMTP???) ???????(POP3???)?
SMPT ????????,???????????????????
POP3?????POP3????????????????,?????POP3??????????
????
Simple Message Transfer Protocol
60
??????
???????????_at_??
???_at_???????
lixiu_at_mail.tsinghua.edu.cn smith_at_yahoo.com.cn
61
??????Telnet
??????????????????????,?????????,????????
???,???????????????????,??????????????????
??Telnet??????????? Telnet
lt????????gt ??,???????BBS???????(bbs.pku.edu.ch),
???????????? Telnet
bbs.pku.edu.cn
62
www??
  • WWW?(World Wide Web)?????,???Web. ?????????,?????
  • ??WWW?????Internet??????,???????????????????????
    Internet??????WWW???????????? ????????(hypermedia)
    ??,????(Hypertext)?????.

WWW??? ??????????????????????????????.

63
www?????
??????????/?????
WWW
???????????
IEInternet Explorer
???(browser)??? 1993???????????Mosaic???? 1995
Netscape ???Navigation????? ??Microsoft???IE
64
www??????
???(Hypertext)?????,????????????????????
????,??????????,?????????????,???????????????????
?????????????????????????,???????????????????????
????????????????????? ?WWW?,???????????????
??????,?????????????????????????????
65
www??????
???(Hypermedia) ????????,????? ????
?????,???????? ???(Hyperlink)
?????????????? ???????????? HTML(HyperText
Markup Language) ???????,????????????,????
??????????????,???????????Web????,?????????????
66
www??????
??(Home Page) ?????Web??????,???????????
????,?????????????????????????? ? HTTP(HyperText
Transmission Protocol)
??????????????????,??????????????
67
URL(Uniform Resource Locator)
???????,???????????????????? ???URL????
????????????????
??,????WWW????URL? http// www.
Sina .com/index.htm ?? http
??????????????HTTP??, www.sina.com
????????, index.htm???????
68
5.4 ?????????
  • 1. ????????
  • ?????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????
  • 2. ????????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ????

69
5.4.2 ????????
1. ??????? ????????????????????????????,?
????????????????????????,????????????????,????????
????????????????????,????????????????????
?????????????????????????????
70
5.4.2 ????????
  • 2. ???????????
  • ?????????????
  • ????????
  • ? ??????????
  • ???????
  • (2)??
  • ???????????????????????,????????????????
    ????,???????????????,??????????????????????

71
5.4.2 ????????
  • 2. ???????????
  • (2) ??
  • ????????
  • ?????? ???? ???????
  • ?????? ????????????
  • ???????????????????? ????????

72
5.4.2 ????????
3. ???? ????????????????????,??????????
????????,???????,?????????????????
73
5.4.2 ????????
  • 4. ????
  • ????????????????????,????????
  • ???????????????????
  • ???????????????
  • ?????????????
  • ????????????????
  • (3) ???????????????????,??????????????????

74
5.4.2 ????????
5. ????? ?????????????????????????,???????
?????????????? ??????????????,???????????
???????????????? ??????????????
?????IP?????????? ????????(VPN)??
???????????
75
5.5???????????
5.5.1 ???? 1.????????? (1) ???????
?????????????????,????????????????? (2) ???????
?????????????B2B?B2C?C2C???B2B(Business to
Business)???????,B2C(Business to
Citizen)???????,C2C(Citizen to Citizen)????????
76
5.5???????????
5.5.2 ???? 1.????????? ??????,????????????
?????,????????????????,???????????????????????,???
??????????????,?????????????????????????????????
2.????????? ???????? ??????????
????????????
77
????
  • 1. ?????_________?
  • A)???????? B)??Web?????????
  • C)???????????????
  • D)?????????????????
  • 2.?Internet?,?????????____________?
  • A)FTP B)WWW C)BBS
    D)E-MAIL
  • 3.?????????????______________.
  • A)???? B)????
  • C)?????? D)??????
  • 4.??????,?????????________?
  • A)????? B)?????
  • C)????? D)???????

DCBD
78
  • 5.??????????????,??________?
  • A)???? B)???? C)???? D)????
  • 6.?????,???IP????_________?
  • A)190.220.6 B)128.256.0.88
  • C)301.68.1.78 D)255.255.255.0
  • 5.Web???????_________?
  • A).DOC B).TXT C).JPEG
    D).HTML
  • 8.????????????SMTP? __________?
  • A)TCP/IP B)HTTP C)POP3
    D)RMTP
  • 9.?????OSI-RM?________???????
  • A)??? B) ???? C)??? D)???
  • 10.Internet????????____________?
  • A)ISO/OSI B)TCP/IP
  • C)IEEE802.3 D)CSMA/CD

ADDCCB
79
  • 11.ISO/OSI-RM??_________?
  • A) WWW??????
  • B)????????????????
  • C) TCP/IP???????????
  • D)Internet???????????
  • 12.???????,????????__________?
  • A)???????????
  • B)????????????
  • C)???????????
  • D)???????????
  • 13.Internet??____________?
  • A)WAN B)MAN C) FAN
    D)LAN
  • 14.ISO/OSI??????____________?
  • A)??? B)??? C)??? D)???
  • 15.IP??????____________???
  • A) 4 B)16 C)32
    D)256
  • 16.?Internet?,???????????____________?
  • A)URL B)WWW C)FTP D)HTTP


BAABAD
80
  • 16.WWW??????____________?
  • A)Wide Web World B)World Wide Web
  • C)Web of World Wide D)Wide World Web
  • 15.??????????????____
  • A)????????????
  • B)??????????????
  • C)??????????????
  • D)????????????
  • 18. ???????URL??? ftp//ftp.microsoft.com/pub/in
    dex.text,???????????____________?
  • A)WWW??? B)E- mail???
  • C)FTP??? D)Microsoft?????

BBC
81
  • 19.??Internet???????????,??____?
  • A)?????? B)??Internet???????
  • C)????????? D)??????
  • 20.?WWW????,URL????________?
  • A)??????????B)????Web??
  • C)??????????D)??????????
  • 21.?????,int????????____________?
  • A)???? B)??????
  • C)???? D)????
  • 22.IP?????____________?
  • A)????? B)???
  • C)??? D)???
  • 23.TCP ?????____________?
  • A)????? B)??? C)??? D)???

CCACB
82
  • 24.???????????____________?
  • A) ?????????IP??
  • B)????IP????????
  • C)?IP??????????
  • D)?????????????
  • 25.CERNET??____________?
  • A)?????????? B)???????
  • C)????? D)?????
  • 26.????????,HUB???____________?
  • A)?? B)??? C)??? D)???
  • 25.??????????bit/s,????____________?
  • A)????????? B) ?????????
  • C) ???????? D) ?????????
  • 28.DNS??____________?
  • A)????? B)????????
  • C)???????? D)??????

ABBAA
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