Title: INTERNET
1?5? ?????
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3 ????????
5.1 ???????
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4???
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5 ??????????,??????????????,???????????????????,
??????????????????????????????????,???21??????????
????
6???????
5.1 ???????
(1) ???? (2) ???? (3)
????????? (4) ???????????????
?????????????,??????????????????,????????????????
???????????????,??????????????????????,???????????
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7????????
5.1 ???????
- ???????????????
- ?????????????????????????CHINANET?
???????????????????????TCP/IP????,???????????INTER
NET??? - ???????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????
8????????
5.1 ???????
???????????????? ???(LAN)
????(MAN)???(WAN)
9(No Transcript)
10????????
5.1 ???????
???????????????? ???(LAN)
????(MAN)???(WAN)
???(LAN,Local Area Network)
??????????????????????????????10????,?????????????
???(????????????),????????????.
???????????? (10 Mb/s1
000 Mb/s)
11????????
5.1 ???????
???????????????? ???(LAN)
????(MAN)???(WAN)
??? MAN-Metropolitan Area Network
???????LAN,?????????????,????????????????,?????5
50???
12????????
5.1 ???????
???????????????? ???(LAN)
????(MAN)???(WAN)
??? (WAN-Wide Area Network)
?????????(????????????????),??????????????????????
??????????????????????????(Internet)
13??????????
5.1 ???????
???? ??????????????????????????????
- ?????????????
- ??
- ???
- ????
- ??????
141.????????????????????
??????????????????? ????????????????????
152.???????????????,?????????????????,?????????????
?????
?????????????,???????????????????????,?????
??????? ???????(?????)????,?????????????????
???????
163.??????????????????????,??????????????????,?????
????????????
- ??
- ?????????????
- ??????,???????????????
- ???????????????????
- ??
- ??????????????????
- ??????????,??????????
17 4. ?????????????????????????????,??????????
??????????????????????????????????????????
???????? ????????????????????????????????
185.1.3 ?????????????????
5.1 ???????
- ????IP( Internetwork Protocol)
- ???????,?????????????????????????????,????????
?????????????????????????????????????????
195.1.3 ?????????????????
5.1 ???????
- ????IP( Internetwork Protocol)
-
???????????????????????????
???? ?????? ??????
205.1.3 ?????????????????
5.1 ???????
- ????????
- ????????????,????????????,???????????????
?????????????????????????,?????????,?????????,????
?????,?????????,???????????????????
215.1.3 ?????????????????
5.1 ???????
- ????????????????????
- ????
- ????
- ????
- ?????
22??????
??????????????????????????,???????????,?????????,?
??????6??
??????
?????????????? ??????????? ???????????????????
??????????????????? ??????????????? ???????????
?????
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???? ??
???? ??
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23??????
??????????????,?????????,?????????,????????
???????,????????????????????,??????????????????,?
????????,?????????????????????,????????????????,??
???,???????????????????
245.1.3 ?????????????????
5.1 ???????
Open System Interconnection/ Reference Model
25??????(ISO)?????????(OSI)?????????????????????????
?????????,?????????
26????,????????,?????????
????????????(????????????)
????,?????????(???????)????????????????(?0?1??)?
27 285.2 ?????
- ?????
- ????????????????????????????.
- ????????????????????3???????
295.2 ?????
??? ??? ??????????????? ??????
????. ?????? ?????????
?? ??
?? ??
???????? ??????????????????? ??????
305.2 ?????
- ????
- ???????????????????????????????????????,??????
????????????????????????
????????????????????????????,?????????????
????????????
????????????????????????????,?????????????
???????
315.2 ?????
????? ?????,????????????
???,????????? ???/?????? ???????
???????????,???, ???
325.2.4 ??????
???????????????????????????,??????
????????,????????????
???????????????????????,?????????????????
335.2.4 ??????
- ??????
- 1)???(Hub)????????????????
???
??????
2)???(Switch)?????????,?????????,????????????????
?,?????????????????,???????????????????
345.2.4 ??????
3) ????????????????? ?????????????????????,?????
?,??????????,???????????? ,?????????????
355.2.4 ??????
????????????
????
?????????? ??????????
????
36 ??????????????????
???
???
??
375.2.4 ??????
4) ??/???(Modem) ????????????????????????
???????????(????????),????????????????,???????????
??????????????????,??????????????????????Internet?
38?????
??
??
??
??
?????????? ????????/??(bps)
9600bps?14400bps? 28800bps?33.6kbps?56kbps?112kbps
395.3 ?????
Internet???????,???????????????????????????
?????????????,??,?????????????,?????????
Internet ??TCP/lP??,IP??(Internet
Protocol),??????? TCP??(Transmission Control
Protocol)?????????
405.3 ?????
Internet??????????????????? TCP/IP??,???????AR
PAnet? 1983100??,???????????????
??????? 1997??193????????1600 ?????
?? 2000100????,??????,???10?? ?????????
41?????????1994? ?????
?????????? ????? ???
?????
42?????????
????? CSTNet ??? 1994?4? ??
?????????? CHINANet ??? 1995?5? ??
??????????? CERNET ??? 1995?11? ??
??????? CHINAGBN ??? 1995?11? ??
435.3.2 ?????TCP/IP??
?????????????????,??????????????,??????????
????????????,??????????????????????? TCP,UDP
Telnet
FTP
HTTP
SMTP
???????TCP/IP???????????????????????,?????????????
?????????????????
OSI ? ?
????????????,?????????????????????????,???????????
TCP
UDP
IP ICMP ARP RARP
LLC(Logical Link Access)
MAC(Media Access Control)
Hardware
445.3.3 IP?????
1. ???? ?????????????????????,??????????
???????????????????????????,??????????,??,????????
???48???????? ??
?????????????????,????????????????????????????????
???????????????Internet?
455.3.3 IP?????
2. IP?? Internet?????????????,???????,
??IP????????????,?????????????????,???IP?????????,
???TCP/IP?????? IP?????4??(32?)?????,??????
????256??????,?????????,??xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx,
??????IP???204.71.200.75?
46INTERNET??-IP
IP???????????? ?????????????
XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX
A?B?C
166.111.4.10
????????
47- IP????
- ??????????????
- ????????????????????(??
- ???)?
- ?????IP?????32??????,?4???,?????????0255???????,?
????????????IP??11001010 01110000 00011010
00100001 - ??202.112.26.33??256.45.121.89????IP???
11001010B202D
??255?
480
1
0
1
1
0
???????
??????
1.0.0.0125.255.255.255
128.0.0.0192.255.255.255
192.0.0.0223.255.255.255
495.3.3 IP?????
2????? IP???????,?????,????????????IP?
?????????,???Internet???IP???????????,??????????IP
??,???????????(DNS Domain Name Sever )????
505.3.3 IP?????
2????? ???? ??????????????????,???
???????????,??????????,??????,????? ???.n????,.?
????.???? ?????????? ????????cn?fr
????com?edu
51INTERNET ??
- com ????
- edu ??
- gov ????
- INT ?????
- mil ????
- NET ???????
52INTERNET ??
- org ????
- FILM ?????
- STORE ??
- ARTS ????
- NOM ??
- ???? cn,jp,fr ?
53- 2?????
- ????????????,??????????????,?www.ibm.com??ibm????
???????,?www.ibm.com??WWW(????WWW?????)? - ?????????????,??????????????,???????????,?????????
??,?www.cust.edu.cn?
543??????(DNS )
5.3.3 IP?????
?????(DNS)?????????IP?????? ?????? ??www.njust.e
du.cn IP??202.119.80.20
DNS
??
554?????????
5.3.3 IP?????
???????IP??????IP????? ARP?RARP?????? ARP(Addres
s Resolution Protocol)???????,???IP?????????? RARP
Recerse Address Resolution Protocol)?????????,???
?????????IP???
56 575.3.4 ????????
- 1. ??????
- ??????
- ?????
- ??????
- WWW?????????????????URL
- 2. Internet ?????
- (1) ????
- (2) ??????Gopher
- (3) ?????BBS
585.3.4 ????????
????(Electronic Mail) ????????????????????
???????????????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????, ??
?? ?????
59?????????
??????? ???????(SMTP???) ???????(POP3???)?
SMPT ????????,???????????????????
POP3?????POP3????????????????,?????POP3??????????
????
Simple Message Transfer Protocol
60??????
???????????_at_??
???_at_???????
lixiu_at_mail.tsinghua.edu.cn smith_at_yahoo.com.cn
61??????Telnet
??????????????????????,?????????,????????
???,???????????????????,??????????????????
??Telnet??????????? Telnet
lt????????gt ??,???????BBS???????(bbs.pku.edu.ch),
???????????? Telnet
bbs.pku.edu.cn
62www??
- WWW?(World Wide Web)?????,???Web. ?????????,?????
- ??WWW?????Internet??????,???????????????????????
Internet??????WWW???????????? ????????(hypermedia)
??,????(Hypertext)?????.
WWW??? ??????????????????????????????.
63 www?????
??????????/?????
WWW
???????????
IEInternet Explorer
???(browser)??? 1993???????????Mosaic???? 1995
Netscape ???Navigation????? ??Microsoft???IE
64www??????
???(Hypertext)?????,????????????????????
????,??????????,?????????????,???????????????????
?????????????????????????,???????????????????????
????????????????????? ?WWW?,???????????????
??????,?????????????????????????????
65www??????
???(Hypermedia) ????????,????? ????
?????,???????? ???(Hyperlink)
?????????????? ???????????? HTML(HyperText
Markup Language) ???????,????????????,????
??????????????,???????????Web????,?????????????
66www??????
??(Home Page) ?????Web??????,???????????
????,?????????????????????????? ? HTTP(HyperText
Transmission Protocol)
??????????????????,??????????????
67URL(Uniform Resource Locator)
???????,???????????????????? ???URL????
????????????????
??,????WWW????URL? http// www.
Sina .com/index.htm ?? http
??????????????HTTP??, www.sina.com
????????, index.htm???????
685.4 ?????????
- 1. ????????
- ?????????????????????????????
- ???????????????????????
- ?????????????????????
- 2. ????????
- ????
- ????
- ????
- ????
695.4.2 ????????
1. ??????? ????????????????????????????,?
????????????????????????,????????????????,????????
????????????????????,????????????????????
?????????????????????????????
705.4.2 ????????
- 2. ???????????
- ?????????????
- ????????
- ? ??????????
- ???????
- (2)??
- ???????????????????????,????????????????
????,???????????????,?????????????????????? -
715.4.2 ????????
- 2. ???????????
- (2) ??
- ????????
- ?????? ???? ???????
- ?????? ????????????
- ???????????????????? ????????
725.4.2 ????????
3. ???? ????????????????????,??????????
????????,???????,?????????????????
735.4.2 ????????
- 4. ????
- ????????????????????,????????
- ???????????????????
- ???????????????
- ?????????????
- ????????????????
- (3) ???????????????????,??????????????????
745.4.2 ????????
5. ????? ?????????????????????????,???????
?????????????? ??????????????,???????????
???????????????? ??????????????
?????IP?????????? ????????(VPN)??
???????????
755.5???????????
5.5.1 ???? 1.????????? (1) ???????
?????????????????,????????????????? (2) ???????
?????????????B2B?B2C?C2C???B2B(Business to
Business)???????,B2C(Business to
Citizen)???????,C2C(Citizen to Citizen)????????
765.5???????????
5.5.2 ???? 1.????????? ??????,????????????
?????,????????????????,???????????????????????,???
??????????????,?????????????????????????????????
2.????????? ???????? ??????????
????????????
77????
- 1. ?????_________?
- A)???????? B)??Web?????????
- C)???????????????
- D)?????????????????
- 2.?Internet?,?????????____________?
- A)FTP B)WWW C)BBS
D)E-MAIL - 3.?????????????______________.
- A)???? B)????
- C)?????? D)??????
- 4.??????,?????????________?
- A)????? B)?????
- C)????? D)???????
DCBD
78- 5.??????????????,??________?
- A)???? B)???? C)???? D)????
- 6.?????,???IP????_________?
- A)190.220.6 B)128.256.0.88
- C)301.68.1.78 D)255.255.255.0
- 5.Web???????_________?
- A).DOC B).TXT C).JPEG
D).HTML - 8.????????????SMTP? __________?
- A)TCP/IP B)HTTP C)POP3
D)RMTP - 9.?????OSI-RM?________???????
- A)??? B) ???? C)??? D)???
- 10.Internet????????____________?
- A)ISO/OSI B)TCP/IP
- C)IEEE802.3 D)CSMA/CD
ADDCCB
79- 11.ISO/OSI-RM??_________?
- A) WWW??????
- B)????????????????
- C) TCP/IP???????????
- D)Internet???????????
- 12.???????,????????__________?
- A)???????????
- B)????????????
- C)???????????
- D)???????????
- 13.Internet??____________?
- A)WAN B)MAN C) FAN
D)LAN - 14.ISO/OSI??????____________?
- A)??? B)??? C)??? D)???
- 15.IP??????____________???
- A) 4 B)16 C)32
D)256 - 16.?Internet?,???????????____________?
- A)URL B)WWW C)FTP D)HTTP
BAABAD
80- 16.WWW??????____________?
- A)Wide Web World B)World Wide Web
- C)Web of World Wide D)Wide World Web
- 15.??????????????____
- A)????????????
- B)??????????????
- C)??????????????
- D)????????????
- 18. ???????URL??? ftp//ftp.microsoft.com/pub/in
dex.text,???????????____________? - A)WWW??? B)E- mail???
- C)FTP??? D)Microsoft?????
BBC
81- 19.??Internet???????????,??____?
- A)?????? B)??Internet???????
- C)????????? D)??????
- 20.?WWW????,URL????________?
- A)??????????B)????Web??
- C)??????????D)??????????
- 21.?????,int????????____________?
- A)???? B)??????
- C)???? D)????
- 22.IP?????____________?
- A)????? B)???
- C)??? D)???
- 23.TCP ?????____________?
- A)????? B)??? C)??? D)???
CCACB
82- 24.???????????____________?
- A) ?????????IP??
- B)????IP????????
- C)?IP??????????
- D)?????????????
- 25.CERNET??____________?
- A)?????????? B)???????
- C)????? D)?????
- 26.????????,HUB???____________?
- A)?? B)??? C)??? D)???
- 25.??????????bit/s,????____________?
- A)????????? B) ?????????
- C) ???????? D) ?????????
- 28.DNS??____________?
- A)????? B)????????
- C)???????? D)??????
ABBAA