Designing

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Designing Implementing Workshops

• LuAnn Wilkerson, Ed.D.
• David Geffen School of Medicine
• at UCLA

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Possible Workshop Outcomes

• Increased interest in teaching and its
  improvement
• Changes in knowledge
• Changes in teaching behaviors
• Changes in learner performance
• Improved health outcomes for patients

3
Objectives

• Identify features of workshops associated with
  behavior change
• Critically assess workshop plans for likelihood
  to effect such changes
• Identify skills needed by workshop leaders

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Reflecting ...

• Identify a faculty development workshop in which
  you have participated that led you to change a
  teaching practice.
• What was done in the workshop?
• How long was the workshop?
• Was there a follow-up feature?

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Have you participated in workshops that included

• Discussion of teaching cases?
• Simulation or role plays with real or
  standardized students?
• Individualized feedback?
• 2 or more sequenced sessions?
• Follow-up with a reminder system?
• Concurrent learner-mediated training?

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From CME Interventions that Work

• Multifaceted interventions
• Combining predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing
  components
• Mixing didactic and interactive methods
• Sequencing of multiple sessions
• Providing application system supports
• Individualized interventions
• Targeted to pre-measures

Davis et al 1992, 1995, 1999
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From Faculty Development Interventions that Work

• Workshops that are 2 days, involve more than one
  intervention, and are followed up with practice
  and feedback
• Feedback on teaching coupled with expert
  consultation
• Long-term faculty development fellowships
  combining multiple methods

Wilkerson Irby, 1998
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The Workshop A Chance to Learn from Experience
1. Experience
4. Active experimentation
3. Abstraction generalization
2. Reflection interpretation
Kolb 1971
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The Challenges

• To create meaningful experiential learning tasks
• To create an environment that supports risk
  taking
• To facilitate interaction among participants
• To synthesize the lessons learned

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Case A Workshop Plan

• BUZZ GROUPS
• Form groups of 3-4 persons.
• Introduce yourselves.
• Determine what advice you would give (10 minutes)
• Prepare to report on tip.

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Planning the Workshop...
Need-based
sequenced
multifaceted
reinforced
learner-mediated
interactive
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Selecting and Preparing Tasks the
relationship of the total amount of interaction
within a group to achievement differs according
to the nature of the task. E.G. Cohen
Well-structured task Limited exchanges Simple
explanations Routine learning
Complex task Multiple exchanges Extended
elaborations Conceptual learning
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Beginning the Session

• Set clear expectations
• Provide time for introductions
• Assess readiness or need
• Plan an opening gambit

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Managing Time

• Estimate time per block
• Introductions
• Experiencial task
• Reflection and discussion
• Generalization
• Experimentation
• Respond to cues about participant readiness

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Promoting Reflection

• Ask for self-assessment
• Force a commitment
• Explore supporting rationale
• Encourage differences of opinion
• Form relationships generalizations
• Stimulate curiosity
• Listen actively

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Energizing
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Abstracting and Generalizing

• Make the discussion visual
• Keep track of key points made
• Provide organizational markers within the
  discussion
• Link an idea to a person
• Name divergent perspectives
• Reinforce key points
• Provide a visual or verbal summary
• Compare outcomes to intended objectives

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Providing for Follow-Up

• Provide reminder cards
• Call to discuss subsequent application
• Plan time for discussion of application at the
  next workshop
• Distribute focused readings or Web resources
• Provide training to learners in the models
  promoted in the workshop

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Avoiding Common Problems

• Defensiveness
• Ineffective tasks
• Not meaningful
• Unclear
• Insufficient control of time
• Overtalking
• Threatening climate

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The Workshop from Hell, Part 2

• CASE METHOD
• Two perspectives to open
• Facilitator
• Participant
• Problems to be addressed?
• Possible solutions?

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Readiness Assessment